Abstract: To provide a defrost system capable of preferable defrosting and prevention of generation of icicles on a casing without installing a brine circuit. A defrost system includes a thermosiphon defrost circuit that is provided by being branched from a circulation line, in which, at the time of defrosting, a CO2 refrigerant staying inside a fin-tube heat exchanger repeats a two-phase change of a gaseous form and reliquefaction, and which forms a CO2 circulation path together with the fin-tube heat exchanger; electromagnetic opening/closing valves that are closed at the time of defrosting and set the CO2 circulation path to a closed circuit; and a first electric heater arranged above the thermosiphon defrost circuit so as to be adjacent to the thermosiphon defrost circuit, and naturally circulates the CO2 refrigerant in the closed circuit at the time of defrosting.

Abstract: To provide a defrost system capable of preferable defrosting and prevention of generation of icicles on a casing without installing a brine circuit. A defrost system includes a thermosiphon defrost circuit that is provided by being branched from a circulation line, in which, at the time of defrosting, a CO2 refrigerant staying inside a fin-tube heat exchanger repeats a two-phase change of a gaseous form and reliquefaction, and which forms a CO2 circulation path together with the fin-tube heat exchanger; electromagnetic opening/closing valves and that are closed at the time of defrosting and set the CO2 circulation path to a closed circuit; and a first electric heater arranged above the thermosiphon defrost circuit so as to be adjacent to the thermosiphon defrost circuit, and naturally circulates the CO2 refrigerant in the closed circuit at the time of defrosting.

Abstract: A defrost system is disclosed that includes a cooling device disposed in a freezer, a heat exchanger pipe leading into a casing, a drain receiver unit; a refrigerating device for cooling and liquefying CO2 refrigerant; a refrigerant circuit for permitting the CO2 refrigerant to circulate to the heat exchanger pipe; a defrost circuit branched from the heat exchanger pipe forming a CO2 circulation path with the heat exchanger pipe; an on-off valve so that the CO2 circulation path becomes a closed circuit; a pressure adjusting unit for adjusting the pressure of the CO2 refrigerant; and a first heat exchanger unit for heating the CO2 refrigerant circulating with brine, disposed below the cooling device to which the defrost circuit and a first brine circuit in which brine, a first heating medium, circulates, are led, in which the CO2 refrigerant naturally circulates in the closed circuit when defrosting by a thermosiphon effect.

Abstract: A sublimation defrost system for a refrigeration apparatus including: a cooling device in a freezer, and includes a casing containing a heat exchanger pipe; a refrigerating device for cooling and liquefying a CO2 refrigerant; and a refrigerant circuit connected to the heat exchanger pipe permitting the cooled and liquefied CO2 refrigerant to circulate. The defrost system includes: a dehumidifier device; a CO2 circulation path in the heat exchanger pipe, an on-off valve in the heat exchanger; a circulating unit for the CO2 refrigerant; a first heat exchanger part exchanging heat between a brine as a first heating medium and the circulating CO2 refrigerant; and a pressure adjusting unit for the circulating CO2 refrigerant during defrosting so that a condensing temperature of the CO2 refrigerant becomes equal to or lower than a freezing point of a water vapor in the freezer inner air without a drain receiving unit.

Abstract: A defrost system includes: a cooling device in a freezer, and includes a casing, a heat exchanger pipe with a difference in elevation in the casing, and a drain receiver unit below the heat exchanger pipe; a refrigerating device to cool and liquefy CO2 refrigerant; and a refrigerant circuit for permitting the cooled and liquefied CO2 refrigerant to circulate to the heat exchanger pipe. The defrost system includes a bypass pipe of the heat exchanger pipe to form a CO2 circulation path; an on-off valve in the heat exchanger pipe to be closed during defrosting so that the CO2 circulation path is a closed circuit; a pressure adjusting unit for adjusting pressure of the CO2 refrigerant during defrosting; and a brine circuit as a first heating medium, in which the defrost system permits the CO2 refrigerant to naturally circulate in the closed circuit during defrosting by a thermosiphon effect.

Abstract: A sublimation defrost system for a refrigeration apparatus including: a cooling device in a freezer, and includes a casing containing a heat exchanger pipe; a refrigerating device for cooling and liquefying a CO2 refrigerant; and a refrigerant circuit connected to the heat exchanger pipe permitting the cooled and liquefied CO2 refrigerant to circulate. The defrost system includes: a dehumidifier device; a CO2 circulation path in the heat exchanger pipe, an on-off valve in the heat exchanger; a circulating unit for the CO2 refrigerant; a first heat exchanger part exchanging heat between a brine as a first heating medium and the circulating CO2 refrigerant; and a pressure adjusting unit for the circulating CO2 refrigerant during defrosting so that a condensing temperature of the CO2 refrigerant becomes equal to or lower than a freezing point of a water vapor in the freezer inner air without a drain receiving unit.

Abstract: A defrost system includes: a cooling device in a freezer, and includes a casing, a heat exchanger pipe with a difference in elevation in the casing, and a drain receiver unit below the heat exchanger pipe; a refrigerating device to cool and liquefy CO2 refrigerant; and a refrigerant circuit for permitting the cooled and liquefied CO2 refrigerant to circulate to the heat exchanger pipe. The defrost system includes a bypass pipe of the heat exchanger pipe to form a CO2 circulation path; an on-off valve in the heat exchanger pipe to be closed during defrosting so that the CO2 circulation path is a closed circuit; a pressure adjusting unit for adjusting pressure of the CO2 refrigerant during defrosting; and a brine circuit as a first heating medium, in which the defrost system permits the CO2 refrigerant to naturally circulate in the closed circuit during defrosting by a thermosiphon effect.

Abstract: A defrost system is disclosed that includes a cooling device disposed in a freezer, a heat exchanger pipe leading into a casing, a drain receiver unit; a refrigerating device for cooling and liquefying CO2 refrigerant; a refrigerant circuit for permitting the CO2 refrigerant to circulate to the heat exchanger pipe; a defrost circuit branched from the heat exchanger pipe forming a CO2 circulation path with the heat exchanger pipe; an on-off valve so that the CO2 circulation path becomes a closed circuit; a pressure adjusting unit for adjusting the pressure of the CO2 refrigerant; and a first heat exchanger unit for heating the CO2 refrigerant circulating with brine, disposed below the cooling device to which the defrost circuit and a first brine circuit in which brine, a first heating medium, circulates, are led, in which the CO2 refrigerant naturally circulates in the closed circuit when defrosting by a thermosiphon effect.

Abstract: A CO2 cooling and heating apparatus and method permit simultaneous production of high-temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source having a temperature difference therebetween. The apparatus/method uses CO2 (carbon dioxide) as a refrigerant, and has a first refrigerating cycle circuit where the refrigerant is compressed to a supercritical zone and then decompressed via an expansion device to a pressure/temperature level of the CO2 triple point or below to thereby attain evaporation. The apparatus can include multistage compressors, intermediate cooler disposed in a first refrigerant flow path between a condenser and the expansion device.

Abstract: A CO2 cooling and heating apparatus and method permit simultaneous production of high-temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source having a temperature difference therebetween. The apparatus/method uses CO2 (carbon dioxide) as a refrigerant, and has a first refrigerating cycle circuit where the refrigerant is compressed to a supercritical zone and then decompressed via an expansion device to a pressure/temperature level of the CO2 triple point or below to thereby attain evaporation. The apparatus can include multistage compressors, intermediate cooler disposed in a first refrigerant flow path between a condenser and the expansion device.

Abstract: There are provided an device for controlling temperature by Peltier element and a method for controlling temperature by the same, wherein the structure of the device can be simplified, the cost making the device can be reduced and an accuracy of the temperature control of a contact plane based on the detected temperature value with a temperature sensor can be improved by capacitating insulation for a Peltier element and related elements without providing a vacuum case and related elements for encapsulating a Peltier element and related elements.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a thermal complementary (combination of heat supply and heat discharge) system which can complement heat without the restriction of area of a region to be supplied with heat. An endless multiplex helical loop is formed to complement the heat produced in a region such as plants and regional facilities on a reciprocal basis, and the water is not circulated forcibly but achieves heat transfer in the helical loop. Liquid or slurry-like water is sealed in the annular endless channel (endless loop) without forcibly circulated. Therefore, loop diameter of the annular endless channel, that means the area of the region, is not limited. The water forms temperature zones in the endless helical loop, the temperature being different per each component loop. Distributed cryogenic sources and thermal sources are thermally connected to said multiplex helical loop so that heat (i.e. water) can be taken in or discharged to or from said cryogenic or thermal sources.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a thermal complementary (combination of heat supply and heat discharge) system which can complement heat without the restriction of area of a region to be supplied with heat. An endless multiplex helical loop is formed to complement the heat produced in a region such as plants and regional facilities on a reciprocal basis, and the water is not circulated forcibly but achieves heat transfer in the helical loop.

Abstract: A low temperature waste crushing system including a low temperature freezing section for cooling waste material below the cold shortness transition temperature by receiving a supply of refrigeration from a heat sink, and a crushing section for crushing the material cooled in the low temperature freezing section by taking advantage of cold shortness. The low temperature freezing section is configured in dual steps, the preceding step being supplied with the higher temperature refrigeration of the first refrigerating cycle and the succeeding step being supplied with the lower temperature refrigeration of the second refrigerating cycle.

Abstract: A soda drink selling machine having a compact purified-water generating unit can be installed at places where purified water suiting for producing soda drinks is not available, comprises a purified-water generating unit, a carbonated water generating unit, a soda drink producing-dispensing unit, and a control system controlling each device in the soda drink selling machine so as to be operated in order or simultaneously at need, wherein the purified-water generating unit comprises a control system for controlling operations in ice maker including a heat transfer surface on heat absorbing side or releasing side of a coolant compression-evaporation type or an electronic heat pump, and in constant temperature purified-water tank, and operations of ice-crystal formation and melting processes in the ice maker.