Abstract: The present invention is an antenna comprising a microstrip having upper and lower layers for producing leaky wave radiation. Circularly shaped patches are located on the two layers for circularly polarizing the leaky wave radiation. The present invention provides a microstrip antenna that can produce wideband, circularly polarized radiation. The antenna, therefore, is a compact, low cost, rugged, conformal, planar, and circularly polarized microstrip antenna. The antenna combines the advantages of wideband circularly polarized radiation with the advantages of lightweight, low profile, low cost, and planar microstrip antennas.

Abstract: A first and a second conductive patch of a compact planar microstrip antenna are connected at a junction point to shorten the length of the impedance transition from the center point, where the wave impedance vanishes, to the patch edge, where the impedance becomes very large. The second conductive patch is wider than the first conductive patch and one end of the first conductive patch is shorted with the ground plane. The effective impedance to be satisfied by the narrower strip at the junction is greatly reduced by the presence of the junction of two different patches, which decreases the size of the antenna greatly for the required frequency range.

Abstract: An antenna having a dielectric layer configured about a longitudinal axis, and having at least two surface portions which face outwardly from the longitudinal axis in at least two different directions. A conductive ground plane is bonded to each of the at least two surface portions, and at least two conductive antenna elements are bonded to each dielectric layer on each of the at least two surface portions for radiating a signal therefrom. A transmission strip configured for transmitting a signal is connected through a switch to each of the at least two conductive elements.

Abstract: The present invention is a microstrip antenna which produces ultrawide band leaky wave radiation. The antenna produces leaky wave radiation, then trs the leaky wave radiation to produce an ultrawide bandwidth. The antenna includes tapered metal patches which taper the radiation. The antenna gives an ultrawide bandwidth performance of greater than a 4:1 ratio.

Abstract: A dual-frequency microstrip antenna has three strips of bare low-dielectric aterial alternating with two strips of copper-clad (one side) high-dielectric material bonded close together on a copper plate having a feed inserted therethrough. A copper-claded layer (one side) low-dielectric material is placed over the five strips and bonded simultaneously. The inner strips separate the region of high-dielectric constant from the region of low-dielectric constant. The microstrip antenna is considered to be a lossy resonating cavity enclosed by a perfect electric conductor and by a perfect magnetic conductor.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna capable of dual-frequency operation. The antenna comprises a microstrip having a thin, rectangular metal strip that is supported above a conductive ground plane by two dielectric layers which are separated by an air gap or other lower dielectric constant material. Conducting side walls and a rear wall extend between the ground plane and the strip. The ground plane, the strip, the walls and an opening at the front cooperate to form a rectangular resonant cavity. In essence, the cavity is surrounded by conducting surfaces except for the front opening and a small opening in the ground plane that accommodates an antenna feed. The front opening of the cavity functions as an antenna aperture through which the antenna transmits and/or receives energy. The antenna feed is a coaxial transmission line that provides a means for coupling the antenna to an external circuit. The spaced dielectric layers and the air gap produces higher-order modes which causes dual frequencies.

Abstract: An adsorptional heat pump for using as a cooler or a heater which comprises a pair of rotary module discs and plurality of thermosyphons. The rotary module discs comprise a plurality of modules of which each of two modules are positioned in order to be opposite with each other. The thermosyphon is positioned between the two opposite modules, so that both ends thereof are respectively inserted into corresponding modules and has a good heat transferring feature, so that the thermosyphon provides an internal heat exchange between the modules. The heat pump according to the invention repeatedly and periodically carries out consequent processes such as generation. .fwdarw.heat exchange.fwdarw.adsorption.fwdarw.heat exchange.fwdarw.generation. The present invention can provide a heat pump having a promoted efficiency.

Abstract: A process for preparing N"-[4-[[(2-cyanoethyl)thiol]methyl]-2-thiazolyl]guanidine which comprises reacting a dihaloacetone with an .beta.-cyanoethylthiol in a two phase solvent system at a pH of 4.5-6.0 to produce a 1-halo-3-(2-cyanoethylthio)propanone and reacting the 1-halo-3-(2-cyanoethylthio) with an amidinothiourea.