Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided. The semiconductor memory device comprises a substrate including a cell region having an active region defined by a cell element isolation layer, a peripheral region near the cell region, and a boundary region between the cell region and the peripheral region. The device includes a word line structure in the substrate and extending in a first direction, a bit line structure on the substrate extending from the cell region to the boundary region in a second direction that crosses the first direction, including first and second cell conductive layers sequentially stacked on the substrate, and a bit line contact between the substrate and the bit line structure and connecting the substrate with the bit line structure. The second cell conductive layer in the boundary region is thicker than the second cell conductive layer in the cell region.

Abstract: A route guide apparatus and a route guide method for an electric vehicle may include a sensor to measure an ambient temperature of the electric vehicle, a battery manager to monitor a battery temperature, and a processor to perform a route guide by predicting battery power based on at least one of the ambient temperature or the battery temperature, when searching for a traveling route to a destination, and by selecting, as a traveling route, a route which represents the least total cost of battery consumption energy based on the predicted battery power.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus may include: a process chamber having a gate through which a substrate is transferred; a chuck provided in the process chamber to load the substrate; and a plurality of first protrusions and a plurality of second protrusions formed on the chuck and connected to a heater in the chuck. The first protrusions may be disposed in a region adjacent to the gate, with respect to a center of the chuck, and the second protrusions may be disposed in an opposite region distant from the gate, with respect to the center of the chuck. On the chuck, a sum of areas of top surfaces of the first protrusions per unit area of the chuck may be larger than a sum of areas of top surfaces of the second protrusions per unit area of the chuck, in a plan view of the chuck.

Abstract: A route guide apparatus and a route guide method for an electric vehicle may include a sensor to measure an ambient temperature of the electric vehicle, a battery manager to monitor a battery temperature, and a processor to perform a route guide by predicting battery power based on at least one of the ambient temperature or the battery temperature, when searching for a traveling route to a destination, and by selecting, as a traveling route, a route which represents the least total cost of battery consumption energy based on the predicted battery power.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recognizing a user location using sensor-based activity recognition. The system includes a mobile device which includes a sensor module configured to sense information about at least one of a user state and surrounding environments, a first processor configured to extract activity information based on the sensed information, and a first communication module configured to transmit the extracted activity information; and a user terminal device which includes a second communication module configured to receive the activity information from the first communication module, and a processor configured to determine a user location in a user space corresponding to a user activity based on the received activity information. By determining a user's location in a user space corresponding to a user activity, it is possible to control electronic devices corresponding to the user activity or provide a service of monitoring activities of the old and weak and the child.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recognizing a user location using sensor-based activity recognition. The system includes a mobile device which includes a sensor module configured to sense information about at least one of a user state and surrounding environments, a first processor configured to extract activity information based on the sensed information, and a first communication module configured to transmit the extracted activity information; and a user terminal device which includes a second communication module configured to receive the activity information from the first communication module, and a processor configured to determine a user location in a user space corresponding to a user activity based on the received activity information. By determining a user's location in a user space corresponding to a user activity, it is possible to control electronic devices corresponding to the user activity or provide a service of monitoring activities of the old and weak and the child.

Abstract: Provided herein are microfluidic devices that can be used as a 3D bioassay, e.g., for drug screening, personalized medicine, tissue engineering, wound healing, and other applications. The device has a series of channels {e.g., small fluid channels) in a small polymer block wherein one or more of the channels can be filled with a biologically relevant gel, such as collagen, which is held in place by posts. As shown herein, when the device is plated with cells such as endothelial cells, new blood vessels grow in the gel, which is thick enough for the cells to grow in three dimensions. Other channels, e.g., fluid channels, allow drugs or biological material to be exposed to the 3D cell growth. Cells, such as endothelial cells, can be cultured and observed as they grow on the surface of a 3D gel scaffold, where e.g., rates of angiogenesis can be measured, as well as intervascularization and extravascularization of cancerous cells.

Abstract: A deceleration control method and system for an electric vehicle that performs deceleration by hydraulic pressure braking when a battery of the electric vehicle is in a fully charged state while coasting. The deceleration control method for an electric vehicle includes determining whether the electric vehicle is coasting, comparing a coasting speed with a predetermined creep speed when the electric vehicle is coasting, calculating an amount of regenerative power generation corresponding to the coasting speed when the coasting speed is higher than the predetermined creep speed, comparing the calculated regenerative power generation amount with a chargeable power amount of the battery, and generating predetermined hydraulic pressure braking torque when the calculated regenerative power generation amount is higher than the chargeable power amount of the battery.

Abstract: An (Al, Ga, In)N light emitting device, such as a light emitting diode (LED), in which high light generation efficiency is realized by fabricating the device on non-polar or semi-polar III-Nitride crystal geometries. Because non-polar and semi-polar emitting devices have significantly lower piezoelectric effects than c-plane emitting devices, higher efficiency emitting devices at higher current densities can be realized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for fabricating a microcapsule, more particularly to an apparatus and a method for fabricating a microcapsule, which enable to encapsulate uniform cell number in a microcapsule through cell distribution, improve cell viability in the microcapsule through fluid exchange, and ensure uniform microcapsule size. The apparatus for fabricating a microcapsule according to the present invention uses a plurality of microchannels which are spatially connected with one another and are designed such that fluid flows through them in a particular direction, and comprises a cell supply unit which supplies a fluid mixture of cells and a cell dropletizing material; and a droplet forming unit in which a dropletization inducing fluid supplied from one of the plurality of microchannels joins with the fluid mixture of the cells and the cell dropletizing material to form a droplet.

Abstract: A method for fabricating AlxGa1-xN-cladding-free nonpolar III-nitride based laser diodes or light emitting diodes. Due to the absence of polarization fields in the nonpolar crystal planes, these nonpolar devices have thick quantum wells that function as an optical waveguide to effectively confine the optical mode to the active region and eliminate the need for Al-containing waveguide cladding layers.

Abstract: A method of device growth and p-contact processing that produces improved performance for non-polar III-nitride light emitting diodes and laser diodes. Key components using a low defect density substrate or template, thick quantum wells, a low temperature p-type III-nitride growth technique, and a transparent conducting oxide for the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibration control method and apparatus of a power train in a vehicle for reducing the vibrations in a power train when driving on a protruded portion of a road surface using a motor torque control. The apparatus comprises a processor configured to determine the generation of vibrations in a power train as the vehicle passes on the protruded portions of the road surface; and calculate a compensation torque for a vibration reduction of the power train when vibrations occur in the power train as the vehicle passes on the protruded portions of the road surface.

Abstract: A deceleration control method and system for an electric vehicle that performs deceleration by hydraulic pressure braking when a battery of the electric vehicle is in a fully charged state while coasting. The deceleration control method for an electric vehicle includes determining whether the electric vehicle is coasting, comparing a coasting speed with a predetermined creep speed when the electric vehicle is coasting, calculating an amount of regenerative power generation corresponding to the coasting speed when the coasting speed is higher than the predetermined creep speed, comparing the calculated regenerative power generation amount with a chargeable power amount of the battery, and generating predetermined hydraulic pressure braking torque when the calculated regenerative power generation amount is higher than the chargeable power amount of the battery.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light emitting device. The light emitting device includes an n-type nitride semiconductor layer; an active layer on the n-type semiconductor layer, an AlN/GaN layer of a super lattice structure formed by alternately growing an AlN layer and a GaN layer on the active layer, and a p-type nitride semiconductor layer on the AlN/GaN layer of the super lattice structure. At least one of the AlN layer and the GaN layer is doped with a p-type dopant. A method for manufacturing the light emitting device is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light emitting device. The light emitting device includes an n-type nitride semiconductor layer; an active layer on the n-type semiconductor layer, an AlN/GaN layer of a super lattice structure formed by alternately growing an AlN layer and a GaN layer on the active layer, and a p-type nitride semiconductor layer on the AlN/GaN layer of the super lattice structure. At least one of the AlN layer and the GaN layer is doped with a p-type dopant. A method for manufacturing the light emitting device is also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are microfluidic devices that can be used as a 3D bioassay, e.g., for drug screening, personalized medicine, tissue engineering, wound healing, and other applications. The device has a series of channels {e.g., small fluid channels) in a small polymer block wherein one or more of the channels can be filled with a biologically relevant gel, such as collagen, which is held in place by posts. As shown herein, when the device is plated with cells such as endothelial cells, new blood vessels grow in the gel, which is thick enough for the cells to grow in three dimensions. Other channels, e.g., fluid channels, allow drugs or biological material to be exposed to the 3D cell growth. Cells, such as endothelial cells, can be cultured and observed as they grow on the surface of a 3D gel scaffold, where e.g., rates of angiogenesis can be measured, as well as intervascularization and extravascularization of cancerous cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibration control method and apparatus of a power train in a vehicle for reducing the vibrations in a power train when driving on a protruded portion of a road surface using a motor torque control. The apparatus comprises a processor configured to determine the generation of vibrations in a power train as the vehicle passes on the protruded portions of the road surface; and calculate a compensation torque for a vibration reduction of the power train when vibrations occur in the power train as the vehicle passes on the protruded portions of the road surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting device having a plurality of non-polar light emitting cells and a method of fabricating the same. Nitride semiconductor layers are disposed on a Gallium Nitride substrate having an upper surface. The upper surface is a non-polar or semi-polar crystal and forms an intersection angle with respect to a c-plane. The nitride semiconductor layers may be patterned to form light emitting cells separated from one another. When patterning the light emitting cells, the substrate may be partially removed in separation regions between the light emitting cells to form recess regions. The recess regions are filled with an insulating layer, and the substrate is at least partially removed by using the insulating layer.

Abstract: A method for growing reduced defect density planar gallium nitride (GaN) films is disclosed. The method includes the steps of (a) growing at least one silicon nitride (SiNx) nanomask layer over a GaN template, and (b) growing a thickness of a GaN film on top of the SiNx nanomask layer.