Abstract: The invention relates to a method wherein the speed of the rotor of an electronically commutated synchronous machine is determined or controlled by means of one or more rotor position sensors, in particular, three rotor position sensors that are fixed to the stator, and a time measuring device, wherein the angle traveled by the rotor and the time lapsed during the travel are measured, wherein the measured angle traveled by the rotor is corrected by means of one or more first correction constants, in particular a differential for correcting for the influence of non-uniform positioning or expansion of the position marking of the rotor, and a circuit configuration for actuating an electronically commutated synchronous machine.

Abstract: An electronically-commutated synchronous system and method includes a permanently-excited rotor and a stator which is provided with three phase windings, together with three rotor position sensors in an appropriate arrangement for a first commutation scheme. The rotor position is determined by the read-out of data from the position sensors. The appropriate voltage vector is defined by a second commutation scheme, and the second rotor position thus determined is compared with the first commutation scheme. If the rotor position sensors are operating correctly, the position of the rotor may be determined to an accuracy which is equivalent to the interval between two columns in the commutation table.

Abstract: A method for controlling a brushless DC motor (BLDC motor) having a rotor, a stator and an angle sensor and a logic circuit for generating the phase voltages of the windings depending on the phase angle of the rotor. The logic circuit access a lookup table, in which to implement commutation with block-shaped, trapezoidal, sinusoidal, sinoid-based signal waveforms. The drive values are stored for the electrical phase angle of the rotor for generating phase voltages (VU, VV, VW) for the windings. A control unit generates configuration data for the logic circuit determine the commutation form, and depending on the form, the drive values are supplied to a PWM generator for generating control signals (VU, VV, VW) depending on the electrical phase angle of the rotor angle, which PWM control signals can be used to control the phase currents in the windings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method wherein the speed of the rotor of an electronically commutated synchronous machine is determined or controlled by means of one or more rotor position sensors, in particular, three rotor position sensors that are fixed to the stator, and a time measuring device, wherein the angle traveled by the rotor and the time lapsed during the travel are measured, wherein the measured angle traveled by the rotor is corrected by means of one or more first correction constants, in particular a differential for correcting for the influence of non-uniform positioning or expansion of the position marking of the rotor, and a circuit configuration for actuating an electronically commutated synchronous machine.

Abstract: An electrical motor activation method for an electric motor including a rotor, connected to a motor shaft, and a stator having brushes. The stator comprises multiple commutator laminations for the commutation of windings disposed on the rotor and is activated by a pulsed or linearly controllable power source. The motor shaft is connected to a radially driven load, in particular a pump, which has a nonlinear torque curve via a motor revolution. A waviness signal is obtained from a voltage potential applied to the motor and/or from the motor current and rotor position information is obtained from the curve of said waviness signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for forming a digital interface comprising a digital data bus, which exchanges data when microprocessor systems are connected. The data exchange can be effected bidirectionally. On transmission of data the circuit arrangement generates as bus master a bus clock speed and operates on receipt of data as a bus slave in accordance with the received clock signal. The circuit arrangement comprises at least one FIFO memory for receiving data.

Abstract: A method for validating a vehicle-to-X message, in which the message is received by an antenna arrangement having a least two antenna elements connected with a communication device. An electromagnetic field strength of the message is recorded based on different reception characteristics with different power densities, wherein the message includes an absolute position of a transmitter, and an absolute position of a receiver determined on the basis of global satellite navigation or on a map comparison. A first relative position of the transmitter is calculated from the absolute positions of the receiver and the transmitter. A second relative position is calculated from the ratio of the power densities or read out from a reference diagram. If a comparison of the first and second relative positions reveals a large degree of correspondence, the message is validated, and if a large degree of deviation is detected, the message is rejected.

Abstract: A collapsible bicycle (1) has a frame (2) collapsible in its plane. The frame (2) includes a head tube (3) having a collapsible bicycle front side end (10) in which a front wheel fork (12), which receives a front wheel (13), is mounted. A seat stay (5) has an end (38) receiving a seat tube (39). A lever (6) is articulated at a first articulation point (50) at a collapsible bicycle rear side end (37) of the head tube (3) and at a second articulation point (49) at the end (38) of the seat stay (5) receiving the seat tube (39). The lever (6) is arranged to the collapsible bicycle front side in a riding position of the collapsible bicycle (1). A down tube (4) is articulated at a third articulation point (18) at the collapsible bicycle front side end (10) of the head tube (3) and at a fourth articulation point (24) at an end (38a) of the seat stay (5), opposite the end (38) of the seat tube (39).

Abstract: An electrical motor activation method for an electric motor including a rotor, connected to a motor shaft, and a stator having brushes. The stator comprises multiple commutator laminations for the commutation of windings disposed on the rotor and is activated by a pulsed or linearly controllable power source. The motor shaft is connected to a radially driven load, in particular a pump, which has a nonlinear torque curve via a motor revolution. A waviness signal is obtained from a voltage potential applied to the motor and/or from the motor current and rotor position information is obtained from the curve of said waviness signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a collapsible bicycle (1), having a frame (2), which is collapsible in its plane, wherein the frame (2) comprises: a head tube (3), having a collapsible bicycle front side end (10) in which a front wheel fork (12), which receives a front wheel (13), is mounted; a seat stay (5), having an end (38), which receives a seat tube (39); a lever (6), being articulated at a first articulation point (50), being at a collapsible bicycle rear side end (37) of the head tube (3), and at a second articulation point (49), being at the end (38) of the seat stay (5), which receives the seat tube (39), wherein the lever (6), in relation to the seat stay (5), being arranged to the collapsible bicycle front side in a riding position of the collapsible bicycle (1); and a down tube (4), being articulated at a third articulation point (18), being at the collapsible bicycle front side end (10) of the head tube (3), and at a fourth articulation point (24), being at an end (38a) of the seat stay (5), whic