Abstract: A method and associated system for applying an optimized processing treatment to items in an industrial treatment line are described. First, settings for a value of a working parameter in the treatment line are defined. The settings are associated with value ranges of a parameter representative of an external property of items. Then, a value of the parameter representative of the external property of the item is measured. A setting for the value of the working parameter associated with a value range from the set of value ranges comprising the measured value is compared to the current setting of the working parameter. When a difference is detected between the associated setting and the current setting, the current setting is changed to the associated setting.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the plasma-electrolytic deposition of a titanium-based non-metallic protective coating on an aluminum-containing material that exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion and high resistance against wear; a coated aluminum-containing metallic article, wherein the coating comprised of oxides and hydroxides of the elements titanium and aluminum has a thickness of at least 15 microns and a cross-section hardness (HV) of at least 800; and a device comprising an arrangement of two adjacent parts at least one being selected from an aluminum-containing metallic material that is coated according to the method and in frictional connection with the other part wherein under operation the frictionally connected parts move relatively to each other, such as, pistons moving in the cylinder within the powertrain of a vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the plasma-electrolytic deposition of a titanium-based non-metallic protective coating on an aluminum-containing material that exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion and high resistance against wear; a coated aluminum-containing metallic article, wherein the coating comprised of oxides and hydroxides of the elements titanium and aluminum has a thickness of at least 15 microns and a cross-section hardness (HV) of at least 800; and a device comprising an arrangement of two adjacent parts at least one being selected from an aluminum-containing metallic material that is coated according to the method and in frictional connection with the other part wherein under operation the frictionally connected parts move relatively to each other, such as, pistons moving in the cylinder within the powertrain of a vehicle.

Abstract: A method is proposed for producing a cylinder working surface of an internal combustion engine that is optimized in terms of friction and wear.

Abstract: A method is proposed for producing a cylinder working surface of an internal combustion engine that is optimized in terms of friction and wear.

Abstract: The invention relates to an at least two-stage method for corrosion protection treatment of metal surfaces, wherein, in a first step (i), an organic coating comprising an aqueous phase (A) is applied to the metal surface and, in a following step (ii), the organic coating applied to the metal surface contacted with an acidic, aqueous composition (B) comprising at least one or more water-soluble compounds containing at least one atom selected from the elements Zr, Ti, Si, Hf, V and/or Ce and one or more water-soluble compounds that release copper ions. The invention further comprises a metal component that is at least partially made of steel, iron, zinc and/or aluminum and the alloys thereof and has been treated by the method according to the invention, and to the use thereof in automobile construction and in the construction industry and for producing household appliances and electronics housings.

Abstract: The invention relates to an at least two-stage method for corrosion protection treatment of metal surfaces, wherein, in a first step (i), an organic coating comprising an aqueous phase (A) is applied to the metal surface and, in a following step (ii), the organic coating applied to the metal surface contacted with an acidic, aqueous composition (B) comprising at least one or more water-soluble compounds containing at least one atom selected from the elements Zr, Ti, Si, Hf, V and/or Ce and one or more water-soluble compounds that release copper ions. The invention further comprises a metal component that is at least partially made of steel, iron, zinc and/or aluminum and the alloys thereof and has been treated by the method according to the invention, and to the use thereof in automobile construction and in the construction industry and for producing household appliances and electronics housings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a preliminary metallizing treatment of galvanized or zinc alloy-coated steel surfaces or joined metallic parts that at least partly have zinc surfaces, in a surface treatment encompassing several process steps. In the disclosed method, metallic coats of especially a maximum of 100 mg/m2 of molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, lead, tin, and/or preferably iron are produced on the treated zinc surfaces. Another embodiment of the invention relates to an uncoated or subsequently coated metallic part which has been subjected to the disclosed preliminary metallizing treatment as well as the use of such a part for making bodies during the production of automobiles, building ships, in the construction industry, and for manufacturing white products.

Abstract: An electrical rechargeable battery having positive and negative electrodes arranged in a housing with separators between them, and having an electrolyte, at least one end pole is surrounded by a contact protection device in the form of a wall which surrounds the end pole, can rotate freely and is composed of insulating material. Electrical contact can be made only from above through a slot in the contact protection device, which surrounds the end pole. The end pole is protected against direct contact from above by means of an electrically insulating pole cap, which is screwed to the end pole.

Abstract: The invention proposes a bleaching agent-containing washing or cleaning agent that contains a particulate phthalimidoperoxyalkanoic acid and an active substance selected from the group encompassing Zn ions, benzotriazole, nitrate ions, phosphonocarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, phosphates, polyaspartic acids, fatty amines, surfactants having nitrogen-containing head groups, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a preliminary metallizing treatment of galvanized or zinc alloy-coated steel surfaces or joined metallic parts that at least partly have zinc surfaces, in a surface treatment encompassing several process steps. In the disclosed method, metallic coats of especially a maximum of 100 mg/m2 of molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, lead, tin, and/or preferably iron are produced on the treated zinc surfaces. Another embodiment of the invention relates to an uncoated or subsequently coated metallic part which has been subjected to the disclosed preliminary metallizing treatment as well as the use of such a part for making bodies during the production of automobiles, building ships, in the construction industry, and for manufacturing white products.

Abstract: The invention proposes a bleaching agent-containing washing or cleaning agent that contains a particulate phthalimidoperoxyalkanoic acid and an active substance selected from the group encompassing Zn ions, benzotriazole, nitrate ions, phosphonocarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, phosphates, polyaspartic acids, fatty amines, surfactants having nitrogen-containing head groups, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An electrical rechargeable battery including a housing, positive and negative electrodes arranged in the housing, separators positioned between the electrodes, electrolyte in the housing, at least one end pole connected to at least one of the electrodes and adapted to connect to a cable, and a cover connected to the housing and adapted to receive a battery isolating switch connected to the cable such that the switch is integrated with the cover when the cable is connected to the end pole.

Abstract: An energy management system for an electrical system of a motor vehicle subjected to a large number of loads including at least one generator, at least one storage battery, a controller of energy distribution in the system which bases such control at least on efficiency of individual components of the motor vehicle involved in power generation, energy storage and power consumption. In order to determine the overall efficiency of the energy storage unit, which comprises at least one energy store, the state of charge, the temperature of the store and the absolute magnitude of the charging and discharging currents are taken into account. In addition to mechanically driven generators, the system can possess a fuel cell and, in addition to an electrochemical energy store, further physical stores such as double-layer capacitors.

Abstract: An electrical rechargeable battery having positive and negative electrodes arranged in a housing with separators between them, and having an electrolyte, at least one end pole is surrounded by a contact protection device in the form of a wall which surrounds the end pole, can rotate freely and is composed of insulating material. Electrical contact can be made only from above through a slot in the contact protection device, which surrounds the end pole. The end pole is protected against direct contact from above by means of an electrically insulating pole cap, which is screwed to the end pole.

Abstract: An electrical rechargeable battery including a housing, positive and negative electrodes arranged in the housing, separators positioned between the electrodes, electrolyte in the housing, at least one end pole connected to at least one of the electrodes and adapted to connect to a cable, and a cover connected to the housing and adapted to receive a battery isolating switch connected to the cable such that the switch is integrated with the cover when the cable is connected to the end pole.

Abstract: An energy management system for an electrical system of a motor vehicle subjected to a large number of loads including at least one generator, at least one storage battery, a controller of energy distribution in the system which bases such control at least on efficiency of individual components of the motor vehicle involved in power generation, energy storage and power consumption. In order to determine the overall efficiency of the energy storage unit, which comprises at least one energy store, the state of charge, the temperature of the store and the absolute magnitude of the charging and discharging currents are taken into account. In addition to mechanically driven generators, the system can possess a fuel cell and, in addition to an electrochemical energy store, further physical stores such as double-layer capacitors.