Abstract: The invention relates to a portion capsule for producing a beverage, comprising a capsule body, which has a capsule bottom and a lid, wherein a cavity for accommodating a powdery or liquid beverage substrate or food substrate is formed between the capsule bottom and the lid and wherein a filler element is arranged in the cavity. The invention further relates to a method for producing a portion capsule and a method for producing a beverage.

Abstract: A device for sensing the linear axial displacement of an actuator comprises, in one embodiment, a movable, elongated magnet coupled to the actuator and a fixed Hall sensor. A one-dimensional bearing for the magnet is designed to receive bearing forces in a direction radial to the axial direction by permitting a displacement and pivoting movement of the magnet around the one-dimensional bearing. Arranging the Hall sensor in the region of the one-dimensional bearing ensures that the spacing or gap between the magnet and the Hall sensor remains constant, even in case of a pivoting and/or radial movement of the actuator and of the magnet connected thereto along the full length of displacement of the actuator. Accordingly, the results in sensing the linear displacement of the actuator are not adversely affected by admissible deflections of the actuator from the axial direction of linear displacement.

Abstract: A device for sensing the linear axial displacement of an actuator comprises, in one embodiment, a movable, elongated magnet coupled to the actuator and a fixed Hall sensor. A one-dimensional bearing for the magnet is designed to receive bearing forces in a direction radial to the axial direction by permitting a displacement and pivoting movement of the magnet around the one-dimensional bearing. Arranging the Hall sensor in the region of the one-dimensional bearing ensures that the spacing or gap between the magnet and the Hall sensor remains constant, even in case of a pivoting and/or radial movement of the actuator and of the magnet connected thereto along the full length of displacement of the actuator. Accordingly, the results in sensing the linear displacement of the actuator are not adversely affected by admissible deflections of the actuator from the axial direction of linear displacement.

Abstract: A textile tube (1) made in an injection-blow molding process and/or an injection evacuation process has a wall (2) with a wave profile with ring-shaped surrounding inward bulges (3) and outward bulges (4) alternately arranged side by side in an axial direction. The textile tube (1) has perforations (5). In several places arranged offset in relation to each other in a circumferential direction, the textile tube (1) has several strip-shaped areas (7) of a rigidity that differs from the rigidity of radially adjacent areas of the textile tube, and the strip-shaped areas (7) substantially follow the shape of the casing of the textile tube. In the case of fastenable textile tubes, a coupling is provided with a coupling aperture enclosed by a flexible wall area (16) and a matching rigid end lip (15) with the wall section (18) adjoining the end lip (15) being of equally flexible construction.

Abstract: Tublar workpieces are formed with perforations of desired size and/or shape by repeatedly piercing selected portions of the workpieces by needles, pins or analogous piercing tools. The tools can be stationary while the workpieces roll therealong, or the workpieces can rotate while coming into repeated engagement with one or more sets of orbiting tools. The frequency and the number of penetrations of tools into selected portions of the workpieces are selected with a view to heat the tools as a result of frictional engagement with the material of the workpieces, i.e., as a result of repeated penetration into and extraction from selected portions of a rotating or rotating and rolling and/or axially moving workpiece. This enhances the making of predictable perforations in tubular workpieces, especially workpieces which consist of a synthetic thermoplastic material, such as bobbins for the storage of textile yarns.