Abstract: A laser range finder is disclosed with a telescope common for transmitting and receiving. The laser range finder includes a wobble separator and a Keplerian telescope which are mounted between a laser light source and the common telescope. Energy losses in the emitted and reflected laser beam are prevented and a separation of the beam with a minimal tilting angle of the wobble mirror is made possible.

Abstract: An angular-position encoder has a transparent scale (106) which is rotatably supported between an illumination device (109) secured to the housing and a photoelectric receiver. A self-scanning photodiode array (102) which has an annular photosensitive region (103) is used as the receiver. The otherwise uniform incremental graduation (108) of the scale (102) which is projected onto the array is interrupted at one point by a code field (111) which covers a few diodes of the array. Eased on the numbers of the diodes onto which the code field (111) is projected, the position of the scale (106) is determined as an absolute quantity by a "rough" read-out electronic system, while a "fine" reading (added to the "rough" determination) is effected by an interpolation based on the signal intensities of the other diodes covered by the incremental graduation (108).