Abstract: Energy transmission device for the wireless transmission of energy to an active implant, comprising: a transmitter coil adapted for electrical connection to an energy source, and an implantable receiver coil adapted for inductive coupling to the transmitter coil for wireless energy transmission, wherein an implantable primary coil is electrically connected to a modulator, the modulator modulating an AC voltage supplied to the implantable primary coil based on a data signal so that data transmission from the implantable primary coil to an extracorporeal secondary coil is performed, the frequency of the data transmission being different from the frequency at which the energy is transmitted from the transmitter coil to the receiver coil, and wherein information regarding the energy control of the energy to be transmitted from the transmitter coil is transmitted from the primary coil to the secondary coil by a pulse width modulated signal, other information not regarding the energy control is transmitted by means

Abstract: An electrolyzer apparatus for the electrolytic manufacture of elemental F2 from an electrolyte/HF-solution, e.g., KF×1.8 HF, comprising at least one electrolytic cell which contains at least two anodes, often 20 to 30 anodes, a metallic cathodic vessel, and at least two rectifiers such that each anode is allocated to one rectifier. In this manner, each anode can be controlled and regulated individually. Failure of each individual anode, e.g., anode break, causes the production of undesired side products, e.g., of CF4. Any faulty anode can be detected easily, and each anode can be shut off individually, if needed, and repaired.

Abstract: Elemental fluorine is often manufactured electrochemically from a solution of KF in hydrogen fluoride and contains varying amounts of entrained electrolyte salt in solid form as impurity. The invention concerns a process for the purification of such impure elemental fluorine by contact with liquid hydrogen fluoride, e.g., in a jet gas scrubber or by bubbling the raw fluorine through liquid hydrogen fluoride. After this purification step, any entrained hydrogen fluoride is removed by adsorption, condensing it out or both. After passing through a filter with very small pores, the purified fluorine is especially suited for the semiconductor industry as etching gas or as chamber cleaning gas in the manufacture of semiconductors, TFTs and solar cells, or for the manufacture of micro-electromechanical systems (“MEMS”).

Abstract: An electrolyzer apparatus for the electrolytic manufacture of elemental F2 from an electrolyte/HF-solution, e.g., KF×1.8 HF, comprising at least one electrolytic cell which contains at least two anodes, often 20 to 30 anodes, a metallic cathodic vessel, and at least two rectifiers such that each anode is allocated to one rectifier. In this manner, each anode can be controlled and regulated individually. Failure of each individual anode, e.g., anode break, causes the production of undesired side products, e.g., of CF4. Any faulty anode can be detected easily, and each anode can be shut off individually, if needed, and repaired.

Abstract: Elemental fluorine is often manufactured electrochemically from a solution of KF in hydrogen fluoride and contains varying amounts of entrained electrolyte salt in solid form as impurity. The invention concerns a process for the purification of such impure elemental fluorine by contact with liquid hydrogen fluoride, e.g., in a jet gas scrubber or by bubbling the raw fluorine through liquid hydrogen fluoride. After this purification step, any entrained hydrogen fluoride is removed by adsorption, condensing it out or both. After passing through a filter with very small pores, the purified fluorine is especially suited for the semiconductor industry as etching gas or as chamber cleaning gas in the manufacture of semiconductors, TFTs and solar cells, or for the manufacture of micro-electromechanical systems (“MEMS”).

Abstract: Elemental fluorine is used as etching agent for the manufacture of electronic devices, especially semiconductor devices, micro-electromechanical devices, thin film transistors, flat panel displays and solar panels, and as chamber cleaning agent mainly for plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) apparatus. For this purpose, fluorine often is produced on-site. The invention provides a process for the manufacture of electronic devices wherein fluorine is produced on site and is purified from HF by a low temperature treatment. A pressure of between 1.5 and 20 Bars absolute is especially advantageous.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a fluorine gas, comprising at least one fluorine generating cell, and at least one fluorine generating cell detector for detecting components of products obtained by the fluorine generating cell, wherein at least one of the fluorine generating cells is connected with the fluorine generating cell detector.

Abstract: Crude fluoroethylene carbonate obtained by the fluorination of ethylene carbonate and elemental fluorine containing not more than 5% by weight of HF is purified by at least two subsequent distillation steps. The bulk of HF can be removed, if desired, in a preliminary HF removal step, e.g., by stripping, before performing the distillation. Further, if desired, a second HF removal step can be performed by contacting the crude mixture or the distillate obtained after the first distillation step with an adsorbent for HF, e.g., silica gel. The distillation can be performed batch wise. It is preferred to perform the distillation continuously. It yields purified fluoroethylene carbonate with an HF content of equal to or less than 30 ppm. The purified fluoroethylene carbonate can be applied as solvent additive for lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: A drive and dosing module for an injection device, and an injection device including the module, wherein the module includes a dosing member which can be displaced into one of several dosing positions in relation to a drive member to set a product dose, wherein one of the dosing or drive members forms several dosing stops at axially different heights and rotational stops that are associated with the dosing stops and the other member forms at least one selection element, and wherein the drive member can be moved in relation to the dosing member until it reaches a trigger position in which the at least one selection element attains one of the dosing stops and, in said trigger position, the selection element and the rotational stops combine to lock the rotation of the dosing member in both directions.

Abstract: Mixtures comprising organic carbonates, such as carbonates not substituted by fluorine, but especially fluorosubstituted organic carbonates, which are depleted in HF can be obtained from respective mixtures with a higher HF content by a step of stripping such mixture with an inert gas. For example, a reaction mixture comprising fluoroethylene carbonate and HF can be treated in this way. The mixture comprising organic carbonate which is depleted in HF can be distilled to obtain highly purified organic carbonate.

Abstract: A drive and dosing module for an injection device, and an injection device including the module, wherein the module includes a dosing member which can be displaced into one of several dosing positions in relation to a drive member to set a product dose, wherein one of the dosing or drive members forms several dosing stops at axially different heights and rotational stops that are associated with the dosing stops and the other member forms at least one selection element, and wherein the drive member can be moved in relation to the dosing member until it reaches a trigger position in which the at least one selection element attains one of the dosing stops and, in said trigger position, the selection element and the rotational stops combine to lock the rotation of the dosing member in both directions.

Abstract: An injection device including a housing with a reservoir for an injectable product, a delivery device used to dispense a product dose from the reservoir, and a dose metering member which, in order to select the product dose, can carry out a rotational displacement in relation to the housing in a first direction until it reaches an end position and can be displaced in an opposite second rotational direction, wherein the dose metering member is coupled to the delivery device in such a way that the latter, when actuated, dispenses the product dose that has been selected by means of the dose metering member, the injection device also including an anti-twist safety device which has at least one anti-twist stop and at least one anti-twist counter-stop, one of which is formed by the housing and the other by the dose-metering member, wherein the anti-twist stop and the anti-twist counter-stop come to rest against one another in the end position in order to prevent the rotational displacement of the dose metering memb

Abstract: A drive and dosing module for an injection device, and an injection device including the module, wherein the module includes a dosing member which can be displaced into one of several dosing positions in relation to a drive member to set a product dose, wherein one of the dosing or drive members forms several dosing stops at axially different heights and rotational stops that are associated with the dosing stops and the other member forms at least one selection element, and wherein the drive member can be moved in relation to the dosing member until it reaches a trigger position in which the at least one selection element attains one of the dosing stops and, in said trigger position, the selection element and the rotational stops combine to lock the rotation of the dosing member in both directions.

Abstract: A drive and dosing module for an injection device, and an injection device including the module, wherein the module includes a dosing member which can be displaced into one of several dosing positions in relation to a drive member to set a product dose, wherein one of the dosing or drive members forms several dosing stops at axially different heights and rotational stops that are associated with the dosing stops and the other member forms at least one selection element, and wherein the drive member can be moved in relation to the dosing member until it reaches a trigger position in which the at least one selection element attains one of the dosing stops and, in said trigger position, the selection element and the rotational stops combine to lock the rotation of the dosing member in both directions.

Abstract: Sulphuryl fluoride may comprise carbon dioxide. It has now been found that the carbon dioxide can be removed from the sulphuryl fluoride by means of molecular sieve.

Abstract: An injection device including a housing with a reservoir for an injectable product, a delivery device used to dispense a product dose from the reservoir, and a dose metering member which, in order to select the product dose, can carry out a rotational displacement in relation to the housing in a first direction until it reaches an end position and can be displaced in an opposite second rotational direction, wherein the dose metering member is coupled to the delivery device in such a way that the latter, when actuated, dispenses the product dose that has been selected by means of the dose metering member, the injection device also including an anti-twist safety device which has at least one anti-twist stop and at least one anti-twist counter-stop, one of which is formed by the housing and the other by the dose-metering member, wherein the anti-twist stop and the anti-twist counter-stop come to rest against one another in the end position in order to prevent the rotational displacement of the dose metering memb

Abstract: A method of estimating the lifetime of a thermal barrier coating (14), which is applied to the surface of a member subjected to cyclical thermal loads, especially a vane and/or blade of a gas turbine, by means of a bond coat (12) lying in between the coating and the member, leads to more accurate results with simplified calculation by determining, in a first step, the amplitude of the normal stress (&Dgr;&sgr;n) perpendicular to the interface between the bond coat (12) and the thermal barrier coating (14) during cyclical loading, and calculating, in a second step, the number Ni of cycles to failure for every normal stress amplitude (&Dgr;&sgr;n) in accordance with the formula N i ⁢   = C ⁡ ( △σ n σ 0 ) m

Abstract: A method of estimating the lifetime of a thermal barrier coating (14), which is applied to the surface of a member subjected to cyclical thermal loads, especially a vane and/or blade of a gas turbine, by means of a bond coat (12) lying in between, leads to more accurate results with simplified calculation by determining, in a first step, the amplitude of the normal stress (&Dgr;&sgr;n) perpendicular to the interface between the bond coat (12) and the thermal barrier coating (14) during cyclical loading, and calculating, in a second step, the number Ni of cycles to failure for every normal stress amplitude (&Dgr;&sgr;n) in accordance with the formula 1 N i = ( C ⁢ ( Δσ n σ 0 ) ) m

Abstract: A turbine blade and a method for its production. In order to protect the turbine blade from being damaged by particles carried in the gas, surfaces of the turbine blade are melted down to a predetermined depth in order to form a defined amorphous region on a crystalline structure of a base material. The surfaces are then cooled down at a predetermined temperature reduction rate per unit time.

Abstract: A nickel base alloy comprising: (measured in % by weight): 11-16% Co; 12.2-15.5% Cr; 6.5-7.2% Al; 3.2-5.0% Re; 1.0-2.5% Si; 1.5-4.5% Ta; 0.2-2.0% Nb; 0.2-1.2% Hf; 0.2-1.2% Y; 0-1.5% Mg; 0-1.5% Zr; 0-0.5% La and La series elements; 0-0.15% C; 0-0.1% B; and a remainder including Ni and impurities. The alloy is particularly suited for coatings for gas turbine components such as gas turbine blades and vanes.