Abstract: A process for the conversion of a hydrocarbon feedstock to produce olefins, aromatic compounds and ultra low sulfur diesel wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock is reacted in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) zone to produce olefins and light cycle oil. The effluent from the FCC is preferably separated to produce a stream comprising ethylene and propylene, a stream comprising higher boiling olefins and light cycle oil (LCO). The stream containing the higher boiling olefins is cracked to provide additional ethylene and propylene. The LCO is selectively hydrocracked to produce aromatic compounds and ultra low sulfur diesel.

Abstract: A process has been developed for producing diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks such as plant oils and greases. The process involves treating a renewable feedstock by hydrogenating and deoxygenating to provide a diesel fuel hydrocarbon product. If desired, the hydrocarbon product can be isomerized to improve cold flow properties. A portion of the hydrocarbon product is recycled to the treatment zone to increase the hydrogen solubility of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: An integrated process has been developed for producing diesel boiling range fuel from renewable feedstocks such as plant and animal fats and oils and for cultivating algae or greenhouse plants. The process involves catalytically treating a renewable feedstock by hydrogenating and deoxygenating to provide a hydrocarbon fraction useful as a diesel boiling range fuel. A selective separation may be used to remove at least the carbon dioxide from the first zone effluent.

Abstract: An integrated process has been developed for producing diesel boiling range fuel from renewable feedstocks such as animal and plant oils and using a byproduct naphtha as an extraction solvent in the generation of the renewable feedstock. The process involves treating a renewable feedstock by hydrogenating and deoxygenating to provide a hydrocarbon fraction useful as a diesel fuel or diesel boiling range fuel blending component. A byproduct naphtha stream is used as an extraction solvent in a process for the generation of the renewable feedstock. If desired, the hydrocarbon fraction can be isomerized to improve cold flow properties.

Abstract: A process for the autocatalytic production of organic hydroperoxides and ultra low sulfur diesel boiling range hydrocarbons is disclosed. The organic hydroperoxides react with sulfur compounds to produce sulfones, and the sulfones can be removed from the diesel boiling range hydrocarbons to provide ultra low sulfur diesel.

Abstract: A process for the cyclical regeneration of an adsorbent bed containing sulfur-oxidated compounds. The adsorbent bed is used to adsorb and separate sulfur-oxidated compounds from a hydrocarbonaceous stream to produce an adsorbent having adsorbed sulfur-oxidated compounds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for alkylating an alkylation substrate with an alkylating agent in the presence of solid catalyst particles in a transport reactor is disclosed. Solid catalyst particles in the transport reactor effluent recirculate to the inlet of the transport reactor through one or more conduits. The rate through each conduit is regulated by fluid-controlled valves that use the alkylation substrate as the regulating fluid. This method and apparatus help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of catalyst from the effluent of the transport reactor to the bottom of the transport reactor. This method and apparatus also help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of alkylation substrate to the bottom of the transport reactor with minimal bypassing by the alkylating agent around of the transport reactor. This invention finds use in the production of motor fuels by the alkylation of liquid hydrocarbons in the presence of solid catalyst particles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for alkylating an alkylation substrate with an alkylating agent in the presence of solid catalyst particles in a transport reactor is disclosed. Solid catalyst particles in the transport reactor effluent recirculate to the inlet of the transport reactor through one or more conduits. The rate through each conduit is regulated by fluid-controlled valves that use the alkylation substrate as the regulating fluid. This method and apparatus help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of catalyst from the effluent of the transport reactor to the bottom of the transport reactor. This method and apparatus also help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of alkylation substrate to the bottom of the transport reactor with minimal bypassing by the alkylating agent around of the transport reactor. This invention finds use in the production of motor fuels by the alkylation of liquid hydrocarbons in the presence of solid catalyst particles.

Abstract: An advanced method for controlling a solid catalyst alkylation process has been developed. At multiple locations throughout the alkylation process including multiple locations within the reaction zone, on-line Raman spectroscopy is used to measure the concentration of alkene. Operating parameters are adjusted depending upon the concentration of alkene measured, or the conversion of alkene determined. Different operating parameters are adjusted depending upon the alkene concentration or conversion measured at different locations thus pairing a particular operating parameter with an ideal location for alkene measurement and control.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for alkylating an alkylation substrate with an alkylating agent in the presence of solid catalyst particles in a transport reactor is disclosed. Solid catalyst particles in the transport reactor effluent recirculate to the inlet of the transport reactor through one or more conduits. The rate through each conduit is regulated by fluid-controlled valves that use the alkylation substrate as the regulating fluid. This method and apparatus help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of catalyst from the effluent of the transport reactor to the bottom of the transport reactor. This method and apparatus also help ensure uniform or symmetric flow of alkylation substrate to the bottom of the transport reactor with minimal bypassing by the alkylating agent around of the transport reactor. This invention finds use in the production of motor fuels by the alkylation of liquid hydrocarbons in the presence of solid catalyst particles.

Abstract: A solid catalyst alkylation process that wets catalyst particles with the alkylation substrate prior to introducing the catalyst particles to a liquid phase alkylation reactor is disclosed. A vapor stream from the wetting step that comprises the alkylation substrate and a reactor effluent stream comprising product alkylate and excess alkylation substrate are both passed to the product recovery zone, which recovers the alkylate product and recycles the alkylation substrate. Routing the vapor stream and the reactor effluent stream together to the product recovery zone minimizes pressure imbalances, ensures steady catalyst flow, and minimizes equipment costs. This process is applicable to alkylation processes that produce motor fuels.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process comprises a prereactor which provides an intermediate stream to a riser reactor with multiple catalyst injection points to obtain high aromatics yields from a naphtha feedstock. Product from the riser reactor typically is discharged into a fluidized-bed reforming reactor, in which the reforming reaction is completed and catalyst is separated from hydrogen and hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons from the reactor are separated to recover an aromatized product. Catalyst is regenerated to remove coke and reduced for reuse in the reforming process.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed in a sequence comprising a zeolitic-reforming zone containing a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal and a nonacidic L-zeolite and an aromatics-isomerization zone containing a catalyst comprising a medium-pore molecular sieve, a platinum-group metal and a refractory inorganic oxide. Optionally, the zeolitic-reforming zone is preceded by a continuous-reforming zone associated with continuous catalyst regeneration, The process combination features high selectivity in producing a high-purity BTX product from naphtha.

Abstract: A method of continuously promoting the activity of solid strong acid catalysts used in acid catalyzed reactions by adding or generating water in the reaction mixture has been developed. The solid strong acid catalyst may be a sulfated metal oxide, a tungstated metal oxide, or a molybdated metal oxide. The metal oxides are oxides, hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, or oxide-hydrates of Group IV-A, Group III-A, Group III-B, and Group V-A metals. The catalyst may also contain a Group VIII metal, or when the metal oxide is a hydroxide, oxide, oxyhydroxide, or oxide-hydrate of the Group IV-A, Group III-A, or Group III-B metals, the catalyst may also contain an oxide, hydroxide, oxyhydroxide or oxide-hydrate of a Group V-A, Group V-B, Group VI-B, or Group VII-B metal as a promoter.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed in a sequence comprising a continuous-reforming zone associated with continuous catalyst regeneration, a zeolitic-reforming zone containing a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal and a nonacidic L-zeolite and an aromatics-isomerization zone containing a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal, a metal attenuator and a refractory inorganic oxide. The process combination features high selectivity in producing a high-purity BTX product from naphtha.

Abstract: This invention deals with a process for converting aliphatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbons into C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics and C.sub.3.sup.= /C.sub.4.sup.= olefins. The process involves combining dehydrocyclodimerization (DHCD) with dehydrogenation. Thus, the feedstream is first sent to a DHCD zone which produces an effluent stream which contains C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics along with C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 hydrocarbons. This effluent stream is separated into a stream containing C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons and one containing C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics. The C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 containing stream is flowed to a dehydrogenation zone to produce C.sub.3.sup.= /C.sub.4.sup.= olefins.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process uses a riser reactor with multiple catalyst injection points to obtain high aromatics yields from a naphtha feedstock. Product from the riser reactor typically is discharged into a fluidized-reforming reactor, in which the reforming reaction is completed and catalyst is separated from hydrogen and hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons from the reactor are separated to recover an aromatized product. Catalyst is regenerated to remove coke and reduced for reuse in the reforming process.

Abstract: A process for purifying an alkylate feedstream is disclosed. The feedstream contains hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7+ alkanes, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenes and C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkyl halides. The process involves flowing the alkylate through a series of separation zones and a reaction zone to provide a halide free alkylate stream.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are alkylated in a fluidized riser-reactor using a solid catalyst which is regenerated within the process by contact with hydrogen. The alkylation and regeneration steps are separated to prevent the admixture of hydrogen and any olefins present in the process. Two separate modes of regeneration are performed simultaneously: a mild liquid-phase washing and a vapor-phase hot hydrogen stripping operation.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed in a sequence comprising a reforming zone containing a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal and a nonacidic L-zeolite and an aromatics-isomerization zone containing a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal, a metal attenuator and a refractory inorganic oxide. The process combination features high selectivity in producing a high-purity BTX product from naphtha.