Abstract: An ionic liquid composed of nitrogen-free cations and aromatic halogen- and boron-free anions is useful as an additive to prolong the service life of hydrocarbonaceous liquids exposed to nitrogen dioxide contamination, and to provide friction and wear reduction.

Abstract: An ionic liquid composed of nitrogen-free cations and aromatic halogen- and boron-free anions is useful as an additive to prolong the service life of hydrocarbonaceous liquids exposed to nitrogen dioxide contamination, and to provide friction and wear reduction.

Abstract: A method of limiting the chemical degradation of hydrocarbonaceous liquids due to nitrogen dioxide contamination at elevated temperature comprises the addition thereto of an ionic liquid composed of a cation and a boron- and halogen-free, multi-functional aromatic anion, the ionic liquid serving to inhibit the nitration of hydrocarbonaceous liquid components that initiates degradation.

Abstract: An additive composition for limiting the chemical degradation of hydrocarbonaceous liquids due to nitrogen dioxide contamination at elevated temperature comprises the combination of an ionic liquid composed of a cation and a boron- and halogen-free, multi-functional anion and a detergent additive, the combination of ionic liquid and detergent serving to inhibit the nitration of hydrocarbonaceous liquid components that initiates degradation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of naphthenic acids from crude oils and crude oil distillates by use of supported basic ionic liquids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of inhibiting corrosion by corrosive fluids, and more specifically to inhibiting corrosion of a metallic surface. The method comprising adding to the corrosive fluid a specifically selected ionic liquid which is added in an amount, based on the total weight of the corrosive fluid, effective to mitigate or alleviate corrosion.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a phosphinate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more co-solvents as an enhancer. The co-solvents may be selected from higher carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and nitriles. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids and organofluorine carboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a phosphonium cation and an arylcarboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a carboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst composition suitable for removing sulfur from a catalytic reduction system and the catalyst composition prepared by the method are provided. The method of preparation of a catalyst composition, comprises: combining a metal oxide precursor, a catalyst metal precursor and an alkali metal precursor in the presence of a templating agent; hydrolyzing and condensing to form an intermediate product that comprises metal oxide, alkali metal oxide, and catalyst metal; and calcining to form a templated amorphous metal oxide substrate having a plurality of pores wherein the alkali metal oxide and catalyst metal are dispersed in an intermixed form in the metal oxide substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a carboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a phosphinate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more co-solvents as an enhancer. The co-solvents may be selected from higher carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and nitriles. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids and organofluorine carboxylic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of inhibiting corrosion by corrosive fluids, and more specifically to inhibiting corrosion of a metallic surface. The method comprising adding to the corrosive fluid a specifically selected ionic liquid which is added in an amount, based on the total weight of the corrosive fluid, effective to mitigate or alleviate corrosion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of naphthenic acids from crude oils and crude oil distillates by use of supported basic ionic liquids.

Abstract: A catalyst composition, a method of preparation of catalyst composition, a catalytic reduction system including the catalyst composition and a system using the catalytic reduction system are provided. The catalyst composition includes a templated amorphous metal oxide substrate, a catalyst material, and a sulfur scavenger material. The catalyst material includes a catalyst metal disposed on the templated metal oxide substrate and the sulfur scavenger includes an alkali metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst composition based on an indium salt and an organic ionic liquid, a process for making the catalyst composition, and uses thereof. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for Lewis acid catalysed electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions an Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions.

Abstract: Disclosed are heterogeneous processes (i) for the hydrogenation of a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and (ii) for the hydro-dehalogenation of a compound containing at least one C—Cl, C—Br or C—I bond. The processes comprise reacting said compound with a hydrogenating agent and a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are heterogeneous processes (i) for the hydrogenation of a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and (ii) for the hydro-dehalogenation of a compound containing at least one C—Cl, C—Br or C—I bond. The processes comprise reacting said compound with a hydrogenating agent and a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are heterogeneous processes (i) for the hydrogenation of a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and (ii) for the hydro-dehalogenation of a compound containing at least one C—Cl, C—Br or C—I bond. The processes comprise reacting said compound with a hydrogenating agent and a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of an organic ionic liquid in a zeolite-catalysed process, for example an acylation, alkylation, isomerisation or hydrocracking process in which zeolites act as catalysts or catalyst precursors, especially Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation procedures.