Abstract: A light-emitting module structure comprises a support substrate and a micro-module disposed on or in the support substrate that extends over only a portion of the support substrate. The micro-module comprises a rigid module substrate, an inorganic light-emitting diode, a power source, and a control circuit. The inorganic light-emitting diode, the power source, and the control circuit are disposed on or in the module substrate and the control circuit receives power from the power source to control the inorganic light-emitting diode to emit light. A light conductor is disposed on or in the support substrate and in alignment with the micro-module so that the inorganic light-emitting diode is disposed to emit light into the light conductor and the light conductor conducts the light beyond the micro-module to emit the light from the light conductor.

Abstract: An arrangement is provided for supplying electrical energy to a load from a direct electrical energy converter that optimizes converter power generation efficiency. The arrangement for optimizing converter power generation efficiency includes an impedance transformation circuit coupled between the energy converter and load for regulating current delivered by the energy converter so as to maximize power delivered to the load.

Abstract: A measurement system is provided for a combustion engine. The measurement system employs a fiber optic cable optically coupled to a light source and has at least one Bragg grating. A second fiber optic cable is coupled to the first fiber optic cable in addition to a wavelength measurement device and a device for measuring intensity. A controller is coupled to the device for measuring intensity and the wavelength measurement device. Based upon the measurements from these devices, the controller determines the temperature and pressure in the combustion engine.

Abstract: An arrangement is provided for supplying electrical energy to a load from a direct electrical energy converter that optimizes converter power generation efficiency. The arrangement for optimizing converter power generation efficiency includes an impedance transformation circuit coupled between the energy converter and load for regulating current delivered by the energy converter so as to maximize power delivered to the load.

Abstract: A measurement system is provided for a combustion engine. The measurement system employs a fiber optic cable optically coupled to a light source and has at least one Bragg grating. A second fiber optic cable is coupled to the first fiber optic cable in addition to a wavelength measurement device and a device for measuring intensity. A controller is coupled to the device for measuring intensity and the wavelength measurement device. Based upon the measurements from these devices, the controller determines the temperature and pressure in the combustion engine.

Abstract: A supplemental energy generating system is integrated with an exhaust system of a combustion engine. The system includes a thermoelectric generator (TEG) having a housing enclosing a metal catalytic substrate positioned in an exhaust passage of the exhaust system. A coolant channel is disposed with the housing having an input and output connected to an externally located cooling system, and at least one thermoelectric generator element is disposed within the housing between the coolant channel and the metal catalytic substrate. The thermoelectric generator element is positioned to be in heat exchange relationship with the metal catalytic substrate and the coolant channel, and generates harvestable electric power as a function of the heat exchange process.

Abstract: Control system for measuring/detecting transient fluid flow in a positive displacement pump lubrication system using time-differential pressure measurements. A pressure-actuated transducer for a captive oil column in the injection circuit imparts a proportional voltage signal to an electronically differentiating high pass filter, rendering it independent of any base line steady-state component. The resultant signal is fed into a comparator used to discriminate rates of pressure change against a preset reference level, thereby sensing transient spike pressures covering a wide range of adjustable frequencies and pump displacement strokes to thereby confirm required lubrication flow. The same transducer voltage signal transmitted during a steady-state portion of the pump cycle between injections is monitored for high and low set points such as incident to downstream blockage or system leakage.