Abstract: A photoelectric device includes a first photoelectric conversion layer including a heterojunction that includes a first p-type semiconductor and a first n-type semiconductor, a second photoelectric conversion layer on the first photoelectric conversion layer and including a heterojunction that includes a second p-type semiconductor and a second n-type semiconductor. A peak absorption wavelength (?max1) of the first photoelectric conversion layer and a peak absorption wavelength (?max2) of the second photoelectric conversion layer are included in a common wavelength spectrum of light that is one wavelength spectrum of light of a red wavelength spectrum of light, a green wavelength spectrum of light, a blue wavelength spectrum of light, a near infrared wavelength spectrum of light, or an ultraviolet wavelength spectrum of light, and a light-absorption full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the second photoelectric conversion layer is narrower than an FWHM of the first photoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: A valve actuator of a cooling valve is configured to control cooling water in a thermal management system for cooling a fuel cell. The valve actuator includes a motor including a rotor, a stator, and a motor housing, a gear assembly including a gear housing and being connected to a valve rotation shaft of a valve plate configured to control a passage of cooling water, a motor rotation shaft configured to rotate the rotor is connected to the gear assembly, a first underwater bearing disposed between the valve rotation shaft and the gear housing, and a second underwater bearing is disposed between the motor rotation shaft and the gear housing. Cooling water introduced into the cooling valve is introduced into the motor housing and the gear housing to cool the gear assembly and the motor.

Abstract: An image sensor may include a first photo-sensing device on a semiconductor substrate and configured to sense light of a first wavelength spectrum, and second and third photo-sensing devices integrated in the semiconductor substrate and configured to sense light of a second and third wavelength spectrum, respectively. The first photo-sensing device may overlap each of the second and third photo-sensing devices in a thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate. The second and third photo-sensing devices do not overlap in the thickness direction and each have an upper surface, a lower surface, and a doped region therebetween. The third photo-sensing device includes an upper surface deeper further from the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate than the upper surface of the second photo-sensing device and a doped region thicker than the doped region of the second photo-sensing device. The image sensor may omit the first photo-sensing device.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling driving of a stack cooling pump of a fuel cell system is provided. The apparatus includes a cooling unit having a fuel cell stack installed in a fuel cell vehicle and a cooling pump configured to move a coolant. A reservoir allows the coolant moving toward the cooling pump to be injected thereinto. A controller is configured to sequentially operate the cooling pump in a predetermined pre-run mode and a predetermined air bubble removal mode when the coolant is injected into the reservoir.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing having an internal space, a reflecting module including a reflecting member on a movable holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing in the internal space, and a lens module disposed behind the reflecting module in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflecting member is incident thereto. The movable holder is configured to move the reflecting member in a first axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and a second axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and the first axis direction with respect to the housing. The lens module includes at least two lens barrels disposed on sidewalls of the housing, linearly movable in approximately the optical axis direction, and including the lenses divided and disposed therein.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing having an internal space, a reflecting module including a reflecting member on a movable holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing in the internal space, and a lens module disposed behind the reflecting module in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflecting member is incident thereto. The movable holder is configured to move the reflecting member in a first axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and a second axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and the first axis direction with respect to the housing. The lens module includes at least two lens barrels disposed on sidewalls of the housing, linearly movable in approximately the optical axis direction, and including the lenses divided and disposed therein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for controlling the electric oil pump for a vehicle having an idle stop and go system. The system includes a control device for controlling the operation of the electric oil pump when the vehicle is stopped and restarted again. In the system, the operation of the electric oil pump is performed by an actual RPM control applying a target RPM of the electric oil pump and a torque or a current value of the electric oil pump.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The thermal management system includes a fuel cell stack, a heater configured to use power generated by the fuel cell stack, a radiator configured to cool a coolant, a pump configured to circulate the coolant, and a valve configured to control a temperature of the coolant by adjusting a flow rate of the coolant supplied to the pump from at least one of the fuel cell stack, the heater, or the radiator.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing having an internal space, a reflecting module including a reflecting member on a movable holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing in the internal space, and a lens module disposed behind the reflecting module in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflecting member is incident thereto. The movable holder is configured to move the reflecting member in a first axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and a second axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and the first axis direction with respect to the housing. The lens module includes at least two lens barrels disposed on sidewalls of the housing, linearly movable in approximately the optical axis direction, and including the lenses divided and disposed therein.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing having an internal space, a reflecting module including a reflecting member on a movable holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing in the internal space, and a lens module disposed behind the reflecting module in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflecting member is incident thereto. The movable holder is configured to move the reflecting member in a first axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and a second axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and the first axis direction with respect to the housing. The lens module includes at least two lens barrels disposed on sidewalls of the housing, linearly movable in approximately the optical axis direction, and including the lenses divided and disposed therein.

Abstract: A capacitor structure includes a substrate including an electrode pad and a ground pad, a plurality of dielectric layers on the substrate, the plurality of dielectric layers being at different levels on the substrate, a plurality of conductive pattern layers in at least two dielectric layers of the plurality of dielectric layers, the at least two dielectric layers of the plurality of dielectric layers being first dielectric layers, a plurality of via plugs connecting the plurality of conductive pattern layers to each other, and at least one contact layer in at least one second dielectric layer of the plurality of dielectric layers, the at least one second dielectric layer being different from the at least two first dielectric layers, and the at least one contact layer electrically connecting the plurality of conductive pattern layers to the electrode pad and the ground pad.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for controlling the electric oil pump for a vehicle having an idle stop and go system. The system includes a control device for controlling the operation of the electric oil pump when the vehicle is stopped and restarted again. In the system, the operation of the electric oil pump is performed by an actual RPM control applying a target RPM of the electric oil pump and a torque or a current value of the electric oil pump.

Abstract: A capacitor structure includes a substrate including an electrode pad and a ground pad, a plurality of dielectric layers on the substrate, the plurality of dielectric layers being at different levels on the substrate, a plurality of conductive pattern layers in at least two dielectric layers of the plurality of dielectric layers, the at least two dielectric layers of the plurality of dielectric layers being first dielectric layers, a plurality of via plugs connecting the plurality of conductive pattern layers to each other, and at least one contact layer in at least one second dielectric layer of the plurality of dielectric layers, the at least one second dielectric layer being different from the at least two first dielectric layers, and the at least one contact layer electrically connecting the plurality of conductive pattern layers to the electrode pad and the ground pad.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing having an internal space, a reflecting module including a reflecting member on a movable holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing in the internal space, and a lens module disposed behind the reflecting module in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflecting member is incident thereto. The movable holder is configured to move the reflecting member in a first axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and a second axis direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction and the first axis direction with respect to the housing. The lens module includes at least two lens barrels disposed on sidewalls of the housing, linearly movable in approximately the optical axis direction, and including the lenses divided and disposed therein.

Abstract: A low power wide area (LPWA) apparatus includes an LPWA module configured to perform first encrypted communications using a gateway and a session key, generate a secret key to perform a second encrypted communications with an application device, transmit the secret key encrypted using a public key to the application device, and transmit encrypted data based on the secret key to the application device and receive data from the application device.

Abstract: A method to update firmware of a low power wide area (LPWA) module includes: transmitting, from a gateway, an over the air (OTA) request message including an OTA transmission time to the LPWA module; transmitting, from the gateway, OTA packets including a firmware source to the LPWA module at the OTA transmission time; and receiving, at the gateway, an OTA response message from the LPWA module confirming whether a reception of the plurality of OTA packets is completed.

Abstract: Wireless network, access point, and terminal are disclosed. A method for determining a size of an access window performed in an access point in a wireless network may comprise estimating a number of terminals attempting to access uplink (hereafter, uplink access attempt terminals) in a first access window including at least one uplink slot which is allocated to the terminal or is randomly selected by the terminal so as to transmit uplink data; and determining a size of a second access window next to the first access window based on the estimated number of the uplink access attempt terminals.

Abstract: A method for recognizing a tag in an environment where the same frequency band is in use and an NFC device for the same are provided. Depending on whether a radio channel is in use, the NFC device changes a first operation mode to a second operation mode, requests slot assignment for tag recognition at the second operation mode, and changes the second operation mode back to the first operation mode to perform a tag recognition process at an assigned slot.

Abstract: Methods of forming field effect transistors include selectively etching source and drain region trenches into a semiconductor region using a gate electrode as an etching mask. An epitaxial growth process is performed to fill the source and drain region trenches. Silicon germanium (SiGe) source and drain regions may be formed using an epitaxial growth process. During this growth process the bottoms and sidewalls of the trenches may be used as “seeds” for the silicon germanium growth. An epitaxial growth step may then be performed to define silicon capping layers on the SiGe source and drain regions.

Abstract: A method for recognizing a tag in an environment where the same frequency band is in use and an NFC device for the same are provided. Depending on whether a radio channel is in use, the NFC device changes a first operation mode to a second operation mode, requests slot assignment for tag recognition at the second operation mode, and changes the second operation mode back to the first operation mode to perform a tag recognition process at an assigned slot.