Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic system for visual guidance and navigation using real-time visual anchor point detection, which includes an edge device, a cloud device, and a landmark database; the system of the present invention provides users with navigation directions via visual landmarks. A candidate visual landmark image is selected from the database; the system of the present invention can calculate the time of day, the current weather condition, the current season, etc. In addition, the system of the present invention can use the camera on the dashboard of the vehicle, the camera in the smartphone, or other cameras to collect real-time images; the system of the present invention can also provide feedback on the visibility or salience of landmarks to improve the visual landmark images obtained by subsequent users.

Abstract: A fleet vehicle management system includes an edge device disposed in a vehicle and a cloud device. A processing module of the edge device acquires around-view image and determines at least one traffic indication accordingly. The nearing event warning module of the edge device sends out a nearing event alert to a driver via an output module. The after event detection module of the edge device acquires GPS informations in a first time interval and a second time interval respectively to determine whether the vehicle meets an after event criterion. A violation event is triggered if the after event criterion is met. A database of the cloud device stores the nearing event alert, a driving violation result and a driving record information. The driver behavior analysis module generates an information for evaluating a driving score based on the nearing event, the violation event and the driving record information.

Abstract: A method includes forming a gate dielectric layer and a dummy gate layer; forming a mask over the dummy gate layer; patterning the gate dielectric layer and the dummy gate layer to form a dummy gate structure, the dummy gate structure including a remaining portion of the gate dielectric layer and a remaining portion of the dummy gate layer; epitaxially growing a first spacer layer on the dummy gate structure and the substrate, in which the first spacer layer has a higher growth rate on the exposed surfaces of the dummy gate structure and the substrate than on exposed surfaces of the mask; doping the first spacer layer to form a doped spacer layer having a different lattice constant than the substrate; depositing a second spacer layer over the doped spacer layer; and etching the second spacer layer and the doped spacer layer to form a gate spacer.

Abstract: Semiconductor device structures having a liner layer in an interlayer dielectric structure are provided. In one example, a semiconductor device includes an active area on a substrate, the active area comprising a source/drain region, a gate structure over the active area, the source/drain region being proximate the gate structure, a spacer feature along a sidewall of the gate structure, a contact etching stop layer on the spacer feature, a liner oxide layer on the contact etching stop layer, and an interlayer dielectric layer on the liner oxide layer, wherein the liner oxide layer has an oxygen concentration level greater than the interlayer dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method for orchestrating resources in a multi-access edge computing (MEC) network is applied in and by an apparatus. The MEC network comprises at least one control node, substrate nodes and substrate links managed by the at least one control node. The apparatus receives a virtual network request and calculates whether a proper virtual network embedding solution for the virtual network request exists. If so, the apparatus hands the solution over to the at least one control node for implementation.

Abstract: A method for orchestrating resources in a multi-access edge computing (MEC) network is applied in and by an apparatus. The MEC network comprises at least one control node, substrate nodes and substrate links managed by the at least one control node. The apparatus receives a virtual network request and calculates whether a proper virtual network embedding solution for the virtual network request exists. If so, the apparatus hands the solution over to the at least one control node for implementation.

Abstract: A method for establishing bearers in a wireless communication system is provided. The wireless communication system includes a user equipment (UE), a base station, a core network, and a mobile edge computing (MEC) entity. The method includes the following actions. A first bearer between the UE and the MEC entity is established. The first bearer transports at least one data flow. Whether the at least one data flow forms a feedback loop is determined. A second bearer between the UE and the MEC entity is configured when the at least one data flow forms the feedback loop.

Abstract: Semiconductor device structures having a liner layer in an interlayer dielectric structure are provided. In one example, a semiconductor device includes an active area on a substrate, the active area comprising a source/drain region, a gate structure over the active area, the source/drain region being proximate the gate structure, a spacer feature along a sidewall of the gate structure, a contact etching stop layer on the spacer feature, a liner oxide layer on the contact etching stop layer, and an interlayer dielectric layer on the liner oxide layer, wherein the liner oxide layer has an oxygen concentration level greater than the interlayer dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method for establishing bearers in a wireless communication system is provided. The wireless communication system includes a user equipment (UE), a base station, a core network, and a mobile edge computing (MEC) entity. The method includes the following actions. A first bearer between the UE and the MEC entity is established. The first bearer transports at least one data flow. Whether the at least one data flow forms a feedback loop is determined. A second bearer between the UE and the MEC entity is configured when the at least one data flow forms the feedback loop.

Abstract: A method for deterministic directional discovery of neighbor devices by a device in a wireless network comprises dividing equally an access time to a discovery channel to predefined number of sector scanning periods (410), wherein each sector scanning period includes a predefined number of discovery sweep periods (430), and each discovery sweep period includes a predefined number of time slots (440); scanning the discovery channel in a single sector during a current sector scanning period (S310); transmitting a discovery frame towards each sector during each time slot of each discovery sweep period of the current sector scanning period (S320); checking if at least one response to a transmitted discovery frame has been received during the current sector scanning period (S330); and setting the device to scan the discovery channel in a next sector during a next sector scanning period, thereby sequentially accessing the predefined number of sector scanning periods (S35).

Abstract: A communication method is to be performed by a secondary transceiver. The secondary transceiver is operatively associated with a primary transceiver. The primary transceiver is configured to transmit an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal that has consecutive OFDM symbols. The OFDM symbol has a fixed OFDM symbol length and includes a cyclic prefix that has a fixed prefix length. The communication method includes steps of: A) upon receipt of the OFDM signal, determining a starting position of the cyclic prefix; and B) transmitting a to-be-transmitted signal during a time corresponding to the cyclic prefix of the one of the OFDM symbols or another one of the OFDM symbols subsequent to the one of the OFDM symbols.

Abstract: A method for managing a network traffic of a radio access network, the method comprising steps of identifying, by a processor of a baseband unit (BBU), at least one characteristic of a data traffic received from at least one user equipment, and determining, by the processor, whether to process locally at an edge node or at a remote service network in response to the at least one characteristic of the data traffic received from the user equipment.

Abstract: A method and wireless device merge multiple unsynchronized beacon groups in a wireless network, each beacon group including at least one wireless device. A first beacon is received from at least one first wireless device in a first beacon group (S514), the first wireless device having a first directional antenna. A second beacon is received from at least one second wireless device in a second beacon group that is not synchronized with the first beacon group (S516), the second wireless device having a second directional antenna. A first response beacon is relocated (S520) and sent (S522) to the first wireless device in the first beacon group. The relocated first response beacon instructs the first wireless device to relocate the first beacon. Accordingly, the second beacon, the relocated first response beacon, and the relocated first beacon are synchronized.

Abstract: A fast device discovery protocol with a high success rate for device-to-device (D2D) communication in LTE-A networks is proposed. With the proposed protocol, device discovery is done by monitoring a randomly transmitted beacon from other devices within a pre-defined period. In one embodiment, an eNB receives scheduling requests from D2D UEs and in response allocates a distributed uplink resource for random access of beacon transmission by the D2D UEs. The distributed resource is dynamically allocated based on the number of requesting D2D UEs, a discovery period, and a target discovery probability to minimize the required resource.

Abstract: A system for binding a plurality of devices using network topologies includes one or more calculating units, a plurality of signal transmitting modules and a user interface. The calculating unit calculates a topology relation of the plurality of devices in physical space. The plurality of signal transmitting modules are separately disposed in the plurality of devices so that they can transmit and receive device data and the topology relation of the plurality of devices. The user interface includes a set of interface icon identifications corresponding to the devices, wherein the plurality of devices are individually or partly bound and connected by connecting the interface icon identifications in the user interface.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of automatic network configuration using sensing and cooperative communication, which includes the following steps: detecting an environmental condition and/or user behavior information based on an operating status of a plurality of devices, transmitting and receiving a message of the environmental condition and/or the user behavior information between the plurality of devices, recording the received message by the plurality of devices, retrieving a device relationship according to the message, and performing automatic network configuration and connection according to device relationship.

Abstract: The system, which detects a user behavior without using, an external electric power, transmits a signal according to the user behavior by an energy generated according to the user behavior. The system includes an energy conversion device and a signal transmitting device. The energy conversion device is disposed on an object. When the user uses the object, the energy conversion device converts the energy, which is directly or indirectly generated by the user behavior, into electrical energy. The signal transmitting device is electrically connected to the energy conversion device and transmits a notification signal by electrical energy generated from the energy conversion device. The energy includes the mechanical energy, the thermal energy and the electromagnetic energy. When the user uses the object, the energy is converted into electrical energy, which is then provided to the signal transmitting device for transmitting the notification signal.

Abstract: A system for broadcasting and receiving a beacon signal includes a beacon transmitter (310, 400) and a beacon receiver (320, 500). The beacon transmitter includes a beacon signal generator (410) to generate a beacon signal, and a directional antenna system (420) to selectively transmit the beacon signal in a corresponding one of M different directions during each one of M beacon slots (342) during a beacon period (340) in each of a plurality of superframes (330). The beacon receiver includes a beacon signal detector (510) to receive and detect the beacon signal, and a directional antenna system (520) having an antenna pattern including a main lobe and being adapted to selectively steer the main lobe in a selected one of N different directions during each of a plurality of receiver frames each having a time period substantially equal to a time period of one of the superframes.

Abstract: A method (200) for enabling compatibility of wireless devices having different regulation settings. The method includes upon initialization of a wireless device, scanning a predefined common channel (S220); forming a WiNet service set (WSS) by wireless devices communicating over the predefined common channel (S230); upon switching of the wireless devices in the WSS to a channel other than the predefined common channel, checking if a new wireless device attempts to join the WSS (S240, S250); and adding the new wireless device to the WSS if such attempt was detected (S290).

Abstract: A dynamic device naming and connection in a wireless communication method includes the following steps: firstly, a first device changes a first name of the first device according to a first state, and then a second device searches the device which has a second name according to a second state. Afterwards, whether the second name is equal or relative to the first name or not is determined. If the second name is equal or relative to the first name, the first device may communicate with the second device.