Abstract: Methods and apparatus for allocating, modifying, and terminating a fixed data region (termed “sticky region allocation”) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) frame are provided. With sticky region allocation, the sticky region may be negotiated during the establishment of a connection between a base station and a user terminal, and a single MAP information element (MAP IE) may inform the user terminal of the location of the sticky region. Then, a user terminal can receive/send data bursts for a certain connection in multiple OFDM/OFDMA frames without needing a MAP IE for locating each burst in subsequent frames. Accordingly, the size of the control overhead, such as the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) MAP messages, may be reduced. The reduced control overhead may increase the frame resources available for data traffic and thus, may boost the overall efficiency and performance of OFDM/OFDMA wireless systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are carbon black surface-modified with benzene compound of Formula 1 described in the specification and a carbon black dispersion composition for a black matrix using the carbon black. The carbon black dispersion composition uses carbon black surface-modified with the benzene compound of Formula 1, or about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of a cardo compound selected from cardo monomers, oligomers, polymers and mixtures thereof. The carbon black dispersion composition can provide improved adhesive properties, uniformity and resolution of black matrix patterns, and no undercut is formed on the black matrix patterns.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve lift device includes a valve, which opens/closes a channel by means of reciprocation, a control shaft, which is mounted so as to be able to move toward or away from a reciprocation central axis of the valve, a pivotable shoe, which is pivotably coupled to the control shaft, includes a cam insertion part in a recess or through-hole shape and a slide face slidably contacting an end of the valve, and reciprocates the valve when pivoted, and a drive cam, which comes into contact with an inner wall of the cam insertion part, and pivots the pivotable shoe. Thereby, the continuous variable valve lift device can freely adjust a lift amount and a lift time of the valve without changing positions of the drive cam and camshaft, and thus be easily applied to an existing engine.

Abstract: A variable valve lift apparatus includes an input cam disposed to a input shaft, a valve opening unit, a control shaft parallel to the input shaft, an input link rotatably coupled to the control shaft and contacting the input cam, a control link connected with the input link and eccentrically connected to the control shaft, a connecting link connected with the control link, and a lift arm that is rotatably coupled to the control shaft, is connected with the connecting link, and drives the valve opening unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fishing simulation method, a fishing simulation execution method, and a fishing simulator, and more specifically, to a fishing simulation method, a fishing simulation execution method, and a fishing simulator, in which a fishing activity procedure of detecting a fish school, gathering fish, and catching the fish can be realized in a three-dimensional virtual space of a computer, and a fishery environment and fishing activity simulated in the computer virtual space comes to be similar to a real fishery environment and fishing activity by simulating the behavior of the fish school, including an avoidance behavior of fish entities forming the fish school, responding to the movement of a fishing boat and a fishing gear, thereby enhancing learning effects on the fishery environment and the fishing activity.

Abstract: A method for intra-user quality of service (QoS) uplink scheduling may include determining scheduling types associated with active uplink connections that are maintained by the subscriber station. The method may also include determining QoS parameters corresponding to the different scheduling types. The method may also include scheduling the active uplink connections for uplink transmissions based on the different scheduling types and their corresponding QoS parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are carbon black surface-modified with benzene compound of Formula 1 described in the specification and a carbon black dispersion composition for a black matrix using the carbon black. The carbon black dispersion composition uses carbon black surface-modified with the benzene compound of Formula 1, or about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of a cardo compound selected from cardo monomers, oligomers, polymers and mixtures thereof. The carbon black dispersion composition can provide improved adhesive properties, uniformity and resolution of black matrix patterns, and no undercut is formed on the black matrix patterns.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed. Multiple hypotheses, each corresponding to a different set of a-prior bit values may be evaluated, with the decoded data for a hypothesis selected based on the evaluation output for further processing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed. A-priori bit values may be extracted from various messages, such as DL-MAP, UL-MAP, RNG-REQ, and BW-REQ messages.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system. A water jacket in a cylinder block is configured for coolant to flow therein. A cylinder head is attached to the cylinder block. A cylinder is disposed in the cylinder block and the cylinder head. An intake manifold runner is connected to an intake hole of the cylinder. An exhaust manifold runner is connected to an exhaust hole of the cylinder. A first recirculation gas pathway is disposed in the cylinder block, and receives recirculated exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold runner. A second recirculation gas pathway is disposed in the cylinder head, and has a first end connected to the first recirculation gas pathway and a second end connected to the intake manifold runner. A recirculation valve, mounted at the second recirculation gas pathway, controls supply of the recirculated exhaust gas to the intake manifold runner. An engine control unit controls the recirculation valve.

Abstract: The present invention relates to digital rights management (DRM) contents having a teaser section, a method for generating a teaser advertisement and a method for providing content. Data in the teaser section of a DRM content can be played without a license. A teaser advertisement can be easily created for a DRM content using the teaser section. The present invention can be applied to advertisement for and distribution of both DRM-protected contents and unprotected contents.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system. A water jacket in a cylinder block is configured for coolant to flow therein. A cylinder head is attached to the cylinder block. A cylinder is disposed in the cylinder block and the cylinder head. An intake manifold runner is connected to an intake hole of the cylinder. An exhaust manifold runner is connected to an exhaust hole of the cylinder. A first recirculation gas pathway is disposed in the cylinder block, and receives recirculated exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold runner. A second recirculation gas pathway is disposed in the cylinder head, and has a first end connected to the first recirculation gas pathway and a second end connected to the intake manifold runner. A recirculation valve, mounted at the second recirculation gas pathway, controls supply of the recirculated exhaust gas to the intake manifold runner. An engine control unit controls the recirculation valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for semiconductor processing capable of performing semiconductor processing such as etching, depositing, etc. on a surface of a substrate such as a wafer. The apparatus for semiconductor processing, comprises: a reaction chamber having a gate through which a substrate to be processed is transferred; one or more shower heads disposed at an upper side of the reaction chamber, for spraying gas so as to perform semiconductor processing; one or more wafer supporting units disposed at an inner lower side of the reaction chamber in correspondence to each of the shower heads, for supporting the substrate; a processing space forming unit disposed in the reaction chamber, for forming a processing space for semiconductor processing by sealing the shower heads and the wafer supporting units; and an exhausting system connected to the processing space forming unit for controlling a pressure and air exhaustion inside the reaction chamber and the processing space formed by the processing space forming unit.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a technique for short-range ad-hoc mode communication. An ad-hoc mode is configured for a first mobile station (MS) operating in an ad-hoc network under a broadband wireless standard. An ad-hoc mode communication is acquired having a simplified communication protocol of the broadband wireless standard. A second MS is communicated with using the ad-hoc mode communication.

Abstract: AC Plasma Display Panel with a reverse surface discharge with each display element comprises at least, one display discharge gap formed by the address and common electrodes, and the control and address display electrodes wherein the number of the display is n≧3, and geometric parameters of all above gaps and gas filling is determined from conditions of the reverse surface discharge.

Abstract: A color plasma display panel including a pixel matrix array (R, G, B) in which discharge cells of the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) are grouped to constitute a pixel, wherein the pixel includes a blue discharge cell (B) having a height smaller than the entire height of the pixel and width equal to entire width of the pixel (R, G, B), and red and green discharge cells laterally aligned with each other, each of the red and green discharge cells having a height corresponding to a difference between the entire height of the pixel and the height of the blue discharge cell (B) and a width less than 1/2 the entire width of the pixel. The pixel further includes an assistant cell (M) disposed between the red and green discharge cells and priming holes (H) respectively provided at partition walls each disposed between each of the red (R) and green (G) discharge cells and the assistant cell (M).

Abstract: This invention discloses a plasma display panel for multi-screen system. The plasma display panel (10) comprises the upper dielectric plate (1) and the lower dielectric plate (2). Cathode electrode (3) and anode electrode (4) are orthogonally located between said plates (1) and (2). These electrodes (3) and (4) form display cell (5) and (6), the cell (5) being formed between barrier ribs (8) and the cell (6) being adjacent to one side of sealing seam (7). The display cells (5) and (6) are separated by barrier ribs (8). The display cell (6) adjacent to the sealing seam are made of a size increasing in direction perpendicular to the sealing seam (7) with respect to the rest of the display cell (5).

Abstract: An improved white-lite emitting electroluminescent display capable of emitting a light having a red, blue, and green wave length in a single material and having a buffer layer of Si.sub.x N.sub.y between a dielectric layer of BaTa.sub.2 O.sub.6 and a light-emitting layer, which includes a substrate; a lower dielectric layer of Bata.sub.2 O.sub.6 formed on a transparent electrode; a light-emitting layer of SrS:Pr,F formed on the lower dielectric layer; a buffer layer of Si.sub.x N.sub.y formed on the light-emitting layer; a upper dielectric layer of BaTa.sub.2 O.sub.6 formed on the buffer layer; and an upper electrode formed on the upper dielectric layer, and further includes the steps of a first step which forms a lower electrode on a substrate; a second step which forms a light-emitting layer of SrS:Pr.F on a lower dielectric layer; a third step which forms a buffer layer of Si.sub.x N.sub.y on the light-emitting layer; a fourth step which forms a upper dielectric layer of BaTa.sub.2 O.sub.