Abstract: A structure includes a first conductive feature, a first etch stop layer over the first conductive feature, a dielectric layer over the first etch stop layer, and a second conductive feature in the dielectric layer and the first etch stop layer. The second conductive feature is over and contacting the first conductive feature. An air spacer encircles the second conductive feature, and sidewalls of the second conductive feature are exposed to the air spacer. A protection ring further encircles the second conductive feature, and the protection ring fully separates the second conductive feature from the air spacer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a substrate, a low-k dielectric layer, a cap layer, and a conductive layer is provided. The low-k dielectric layer is disposed over the substrate. The cap layer is disposed on the low-k dielectric layer, wherein a carbon atom content of the cap layer is greater than a carbon atom content of the low-k dielectric layer. The conductive layer is disposed in the cap layer and the low-k dielectric layer.

Abstract: A structure includes a first conductive feature, a first etch stop layer over the first conductive feature, a dielectric layer over the first etch stop layer, and a second conductive feature in the dielectric layer and the first etch stop layer. The second conductive feature is over and contacting the first conductive feature. An air spacer encircles the second conductive feature, and sidewalls of the second conductive feature are exposed to the air spacer. A protection ring further encircles the second conductive feature, and the protection ring fully separates the second conductive feature from the air spacer.

Abstract: An interconnect structure includes an etching stop layer, a dielectric layer and an insert layer and a conductive line. The insert layer is located between the etching stop layer and the dielectric layer. The conductive line extends through the dielectric layer, the insert layer, and the etching stop layer. A material of the insert layer is different from the dielectric layer and the etching stop layer.

Abstract: A Magnus rotor is provided. The Magnus rotor is located in a flowing fluid and driven to rotate by a power source. The Magnus rotor includes a Magnus rotor main body and a blade assembly. The Magnus rotor main body includes a cylinder side wall, a first end and a second end. The first end and the second end are disposed in one end and the other end of the cylinder side wall, respectively. The Magnus rotor is rotated around an axis connected between a first center point of the first end and a second center point of the second end. The blade assembly includes a plurality of blades which are disposed around the first end. Each blade is inclined toward a direction. A gap is formed between each two adjacent blades. Each gap is formed as a flowing channel for allowing the fluid to flow therethrough.

Abstract: A vertical axis fluid energy conversion device is provided. The vertical axis fluid energy conversion device includes at least one lift blade and at least one Magnus rotor. A power source drives the Magnus rotor to rotate and the Magnus lift force is produced. The Magnus rotor is connected with a main shaft through a connection component. Consequently, the main shaft is rotated and the lift blade is also revolved. The flow field of the vertical axis fluid energy conversion device is less influenced by the Magnus rotor. The performance of the lift blade is better. The whole efficiency is enhanced. The vertical axis fluid energy conversion device is self-starting through the Magnus rotor. The power source only drives the Magnus rotor to rotate, but not drive the whole device. Therefore, the vertical axis fluid energy conversion device has advantages of low cost and low energy consumption.

Abstract: A Magnus rotor is provided. The Magnus rotor is located in a flowing fluid and driven to rotate by a power source. The Magnus rotor includes a Magnus rotor main body and a blade assembly. The Magnus rotor main body includes a cylinder side wall, a first end and a second end. The first end and the second end are disposed in one end and the other end of the cylinder side wall, respectively. The Magnus rotor is rotated around an axis connected between a first center point of the first end and a second center point of the second end. The blade assembly includes a plurality of blades which are disposed around the first end. Each blade is inclined toward a direction. A gap is formed between each two adjacent blades. Each gap is formed as a flowing channel for allowing the fluid to flow therethrough.

Abstract: Provided is an improved shape of writing tip of writing implement. The writing tip is connectable to a barrel of the writing implement. The writing tip includes a head section that allows a user to draw at least one line of different widths. The writing tip also forms, at an end distant from the head section, a connection section that is connectable with the barrel. The head section forms a plurality of contact sections. As such, a user may draw at least one line of different widths and/or one or more than two lines.

Abstract: An AC servo system with distributed movement control is used for multiple axes control in distributed manner includes at least one drive containing a programmable movement controller to perform a customized procedure to control I/O signal of local axis or other axis. The drive can download/perform movement program through communication network, edit axis parameter and monitor the axis status. The drive can set to be master/slave axis according to practical need. The master axis drive performs multiple axes simultaneous control and sends path command to each slave axis drive. The master axis drive calculates complementary command coordinate according to the path command and the path command received by the slave axis drive, whereby the movement trace of the master/slave axis drive can satisfy the path command requirement.

Abstract: Functional food products with excellent antioxidative strength have been prepared from natural sugar cane and beet. The processes used include one or more of the following: Clarification, Crystallization, Chromatographic separation process, Adsorption on/Desorption from adsorbents, Ion exchange resin decolorization and regeneration, and Ultra-Nano membrane filtration. The antioxidative capacities of the products are quantified in term of ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) unit as per analytical method developed at the Agricultural Research Services of the U.S. Department of agriculture.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing crystallized sugar from an aqueous sugar solution containing colorants, polyvalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and possibly polyvalent anions, said process comprising the step of submitting said solution to a crystallization procedure to obtain a crystallized sugar, the process being characterized in that, in order to decrease the occlusion of colorants in the crystals of said crystallized sugar, it further comprises the step of treating said solution so as to increase the number of polyvalent anion equivalents such as adding COB− anions with regard to the number of polyvalent cation equivalents in said solution.