Patents by Inventor Claire Gmachl
Claire Gmachl has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9698286Abstract: A quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) and method of making is disclosed. The QWIP includes a plurality of epi-layers formed into multiple periods of quantum wells, each of the quantum wells being separated by a barrier, the quantum wells and barriers being formed of II-VI semiconductor materials. A multiple wavelength QWIP is also disclosed and includes a plurality of QWIPs stacked onto a single epitaxial structure, in which the different QWIPs are designed to respond at different wavelengths. A dual wavelength QWIP is also disclosed and includes two QWIPs stacked onto a single epitaxial structure, in which one QWIP is designed to respond at 10 ?m and the other at 3-5 ?m wavelengths.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2014Date of Patent: July 4, 2017Assignees: THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE TRUSTEES OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITYInventors: Arvind Ravikumar, Claire Gmachl, Aidong Shen, Maria Tamargo
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Publication number: 20160181470Abstract: A high power quantum cascade superluminescent emitter employs low reflectivity facets including a tilted cleaved facet, a rounded shaped wet-etched sloped facet and a loop facet in either a linear or spiral configuration to increase ASE.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 18, 2015Publication date: June 23, 2016Inventors: Claire GMACHL, Nyan LYnn AUNG, Mei Chai ZHENG
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Patent number: 9054497Abstract: A quantum cascade laser and method of making are disclosed. The quantum cascade laser includes a plurality stages configured in a cascade structure, each stage having a quantum well emission layer and an injection layer, each stage having an upper laser level and a lower laser level. A scattering barrier is located in the quantum well emission layer, the scattering barrier being positioned such that interface roughness (IFR) scattering at the lower laser level is greater than IFR scattering at the upper laser level. The scattering barrier may be located to maximize IFR scattering for the lower laser level and/or minimize IFR scattering for the upper laser level.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2012Date of Patent: June 9, 2015Assignees: The Trustees of Princeton University, The Johns Hopkins UniversityInventors: Claire Gmachl, YenTing Chiu, Yamac Dikmelik, Jacob B. Khurgin
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Patent number: 9014230Abstract: Single-mode quantum cascade lasers having shaped cavities of various geometries are provided. The shaped cavities function as monolithic coupled resonators, and permit single-mode operation of the lasers. A folded or hairpin-shaped cavity could be provided, having a plurality of straight segments interconnected with a curved segment. Additionally, a shaped cavity could be provided having a single straight segment interconnected at one end to a curved segment. The curved segment could also be tapered in shape, such that the width of the curved segment decreases toward one end of the curved segment. A laser which includes a shaped cavity having two interconnected, folded shaped cavities is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2011Date of Patent: April 21, 2015Assignee: The Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Qiang Liu, Claire Gmachl, Kamil Przemyslaw Sladek
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Publication number: 20140231750Abstract: A quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) and method of making is disclosed. The QWIP includes a plurality of epi-layers formed into multiple periods of quantum wells, each of the quantum wells being separated by a barrier, the quantum wells and barriers being formed of II-VI semiconductor materials. A multiple wavelength QWIP is also disclosed and includes a plurality of QWIPs stacked onto a single epitaxial structure, in which the different QWIPs are designed to respond at different wavelengths. A dual wavelength QWIP is also disclosed and includes two QWIPs stacked onto a single epitaxial structure, in which one QWIP is designed to respond at 10 ?m and the other at 3-5 ?m wavelengths.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2014Publication date: August 21, 2014Applicant: THE TRUSTEES OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITYInventors: Arvind Ravikumar, Claire Gmachl, Aidong Shen, Maria Tamargo
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Patent number: 8294898Abstract: The present invention relates to a rotationally asymmetric chaotic optical multi-pass cavity useful in optical gas sensing spectroscopy, optical delay lines, and laser amplification systems, for example. The cavity may include a single closed mirror having a light reflective surface that is deformed in two orthogonal directions and more particularly, but not exclusively, in the shape of a quadrupole in both horizontal and vertical planes. The cavity includes a light entry port and a light exit port which may be the same or separate ports, as well as a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The optical path length, the beam divergence rate, and the spot pattern are controlled by selecting the cavity deformation coefficients and the input beam direction to achieve the desired beam path and beam quality.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2008Date of Patent: October 23, 2012Assignee: Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Dongxia Qu, Claire Gmachl
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Publication number: 20110286485Abstract: Single-mode quantum cascade lasers having shaped cavities of various geometries are provided. The shaped cavities function as monolithic coupled resonators, and permit single-mode operation of the lasers. A folded or hairpin-shaped cavity could be provided, having a plurality of straight segments interconnected with a curved segment. Additionally, a shaped cavity could be provided having a single straight segment interconnected at one end to a curved segment. The curved segment could also be tapered in shape, such that the width of the curved segment decreases toward one end of the curved segment. A laser which includes a shaped cavity having two interconnected, folded shaped cavities is also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2011Publication date: November 24, 2011Inventors: Qiang Liu, Claire Gmachl, Kamil Sladek
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Publication number: 20090059235Abstract: The present invention relates to a rotationally asymmetric chaotic optical multi-pass cavity useful in optical gas sensing spectroscopy, optical delay lines, and laser amplification systems, for example. The cavity may include a single closed mirror having a light reflective surface that is deformed in two orthogonal directions and more particularly, but not exclusively, in the shape of a quadrupole in both horizontal and vertical planes. The cavity includes a light entry port and a light exit port which may be the same or separate ports, as well as a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The optical path length, the beam divergence rate, and the spot pattern are controlled by selecting the cavity deformation coefficients and the input beam direction to achieve the desired beam path and beam quality.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 25, 2008Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventors: Dongxia Qu, Claire Gmachl
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Publication number: 20060007973Abstract: A broadband CLE capable of operation simultaneously at multiple wavelengths comprises: a core region including a multiplicity or cascade of stages, each stage including a radiative transition region. A first group of stages emits radiation at a first wavelength and at a first aggregate intensity per group, and a second group of stages emits radiation at a second wavelength and at a second aggregate intensity per group lower than the first intensity. The invention is characterized in that the second group has more stages than said first group, and the per-stage intensity of the first group is greater than that of the second group. This design reduces the difference between said first and second aggregate intensities. In one embodiment, groups that are located at or near to the ends of the cascade have more stages than groups that are centrally located within the cascade regardless of their wavelength.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2003Publication date: January 12, 2006Inventors: Federico Capasso, Alfred Cho, Claire Gmachl, Milton Peabody, Arthur Sergent, Deborah Sivco, Alexander Soibel
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Publication number: 20050213195Abstract: An optical device comprises a cavity resonator and an intracavity ridge waveguide. The ridge waveguide includes a monolithically integrated intersubband core region and a nonlinear mixing region (NMR). In response to external pumping energy the core region generates laser light at a first frequency and in a first transverse mode. In response to the laser light the NMR generates parametric light at a second frequency and in a second transverse mode. For phase matching the effective-refractive-index-versus-ridge-width characteristics of the modes of the laser and the parametric light intersect one another at a phase matching width and so that, at greater widths, the effective refractive index of the mode of the higher frequency light is less than that of the lower frequency light. For true phase matching the width of the ridge is made to be essentially equal to the phase matching width.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 29, 2004Publication date: September 29, 2005Inventors: Alexey Belyanin, Alfred Cho, Claire Gmachl, Oana Malis, Milton Peabody, Arthur Sergent, Deborah Sivco
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Publication number: 20050063438Abstract: An optoelectronic transducer comprises a unipolar, intraband active region and a micro-cavity resonator. The resonator includes a 2D array of essentially equally spaced regions that exhibits resonant modes. Each of the spaced regions has a depth that extends through the active region and has an average refractive index that is different from that of the active region. The refractive index contrast, the spacing of the spaced regions, and the dimensions of the spaced regions are mutually adapted so that the array acts as a micro-cavity resonator and so that at least one frequency of the resonant modes of the array falls within the spectrum of an optoelectronic parameter of the active region (i.e., the gain spectrum where the transducer is a laser; the absorption spectrum where the transducer is a photodetector). In a first embodiment, the transducer is an ISB laser, whereas in a second embodiment it is a unipolar, intraband photodetector.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 30, 2003Publication date: March 24, 2005Inventors: Federico Capasso, Alfred Cho, Raffaele Colombelli, Claire Gmachl, Oskar Painter, Arthur Sergent, Deborah Sivco, Kartik Srinivasan, Donald Tennant, Mariano Troccoli
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Patent number: 6463088Abstract: In a mesa geometry semiconductor laser, a patterned dielectric coating used to define the stripe geometry contact on the top the mesa and to provide significant waveguiding comprises a chalcogenide glass. Applications to intersubband (e.g., quantum cascade) lasers are specifically described.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2000Date of Patent: October 8, 2002Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.Inventors: James Nelson Baillargeon, Federico Capasso, Alfred Yi Cho, Claire Gmachl, Albert Lee Hutchinson, Harold Yoonsung Hwang, Roberto Paiella, Arthur Mike Sergent, Deborah Lee Sivco, Alessandro Tredicucci
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Patent number: 6326646Abstract: A mounting technology that increases the cw operating temperature of intersubband lasers, without increasing the risk of hot spots near the facets and short circuits near the perimeter of the laser chip, is described.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1999Date of Patent: December 4, 2001Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc.Inventors: James Nelson Baillargeon, Federico Capasso, Alfred Yi Cho, George Sung-Nee Chu, Claire Gmachl, Albert Lee Hutchinson, Arthur Mike Sergent, Deborah Lee Sivco, Alessandro Tredicucci