Abstract: Use of diverse biomass feedstock in a process for the recovery of target C5 and C6 alditols and target glycols via staged hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes is disclosed. Particular alditols of interest include, but are not limited to, xylitol and sorbitol. Various embodiments of the present invention synergistically improve overall recovery of target alditols and/or glycols from a mixed C5/C6 sugar stream without needlessly driving total recovery of the individual target alditols and/or glycols. The result is a highly efficient, low complexity process having enhanced production flexibility, reduced waste and greater overall yield than conventional processes directed to alditol or glycol production.

Abstract: Use of diverse biomass feedstock in a process for the recovery of target C5 and C6 alditols and target glycols via staged hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes is disclosed. Particular alditols of interest include, but are not limited to, xylitol and sorbitol. Various embodiments of the present invention synergistically improve overall recovery of target alditols and/or glycols from a mixed C5/C6 sugar stream without needlessly driving total recovery of the individual target alditols and/or glycols. The result is a highly efficient, low complexity process having enhanced production flexibility, reduced waste and greater overall yield than conventional processes directed to alditol or glycol production.

Abstract: A sonic reactor for transferring kinetic energy to a process fluid medium has a resonant element horizontally oriented and mounted to the two resonance units using two or more nodal support rings located at the nodal positions of the resonant element. The nodal support rings are adjustable in position relative to the resonant element and the resonance units to permit positioning of the rings directly at the nodal positions during operation. The sonic reactor has a grinding or mixing chamber mounted at one or both of the free ends of the resonant element.

Abstract: Use of diverse biomass feedstock in a process for the recovery of target C5 and C6 alditols and target glycols via staged hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes is disclosed. Particular alditols of interest include, but are not limited to, xylitol and sorbitol. Various embodiments of the present invention synergistically improve overall recovery of target alditols and/or glycols from a mixed C5/C6 sugar stream without needlessly driving total recovery of the individual target alditols and/or glycols. The result is a highly efficient, low complexity process having enhanced production flexibility, reduced waste and greater overall yield than conventional processes directed to alditol or glycol production.

Abstract: Use of diverse biomass feedstock in a process for the recovery of target C5 and C6 alditols and target glycols via staged hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes is disclosed. Particular alditols of interest include, but are not limited to, xylitol and sorbitol. Various embodiments of the present invention synergistically improve overall recovery of target alditols and/or glycols from a mixed C5/C6 sugar stream without needlessly driving total recovery of the individual target alditols and/or glycols. The result is a highly efficient, low complexity process having enhanced production flexibility, reduced waste and greater overall yield than conventional processes directed to alditol or glycol production.

Abstract: A sonic reactor for transferring kinetic energy to a process fluid medium has a resonant element horizontally oriented and mounted to the two resonance units using two or more nodal support rings located at the nodal positions of the resonant element. The nodal support rings are adjustable in position relative to the resonant element and the resonance units to permit positioning of the rings directly at the nodal positions during operation. The sonic reactor has a grinding or mixing chamber mounted at one or both of the free ends of the resonant element.

Abstract: A sonic reactor for transferring kinetic energy to a process fluid medium has a resonant element horizontally oriented and mounted to the two resonance units using two or more nodal support rings located at the nodal positions of the resonant element. The nodal support rings are adjustable in position relative to the resonant element and the resonance units to permit positioning of the rings directly at the nodal positions during operation, where, for example, adjustment may be required due to changes in the total mass attached to one or both free ends of the resonant unit. The sonic reactor has a grinding or mixing chamber mounted at one or both of the free ends of the resonant element.

Abstract: Use of diverse biomass feedstock in a process for the recovery of target C5 and C6 alditols and target glycols via staged hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes is disclosed. Particular alditols of interest include, but are not limited to, xylitol and sorbitol. Various embodiments of the present invention synergistically improve overall recovery of target alditols and/or glycols from a mixed C5/C6 sugar stream without needlessly driving total recovery of the individual target alditols and/or glycols. The result is a highly efficient, low complexity process having enhanced production flexibility, reduced waste and greater overall yield than conventional processes directed to alditol or glycol production.

Abstract: A sonic reactor for transferring kinetic energy to a process fluid medium has a resonant element horizontally oriented and mounted to the two resonance units using two or more nodal support rings located at the nodal positions of the resonant element. The nodal support rings are adjustable in position relative to the resonant element and the resonance units to permit positioning of the rings directly at the nodal positions during operation, where, for example, adjustment may be required due to changes in the total mass attached to one or both free ends of the resonant unit. The sonic reactor has a grinding or mixing chamber mounted at one or both of the free ends of the resonant element.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a method for treating heavy crude oil (HCO) which includes the steps of combining the HCO with an alkane containing solvent to form an HCO/solvent mixture, sonicating this mixture at audio frequency to precipitate asphaltenes from the HCO/solvent mixture, and separating the precipitated asphaltenes from the HCO/solvent mixture.

Abstract: A waste treatment system is herein described. A microbial additive containing a mixture of enzymes and bacteria designed to produce anoxic degradation of the waste is added to the waste composed of liquid waste containing solid content and the waste is shredded and mixed, thereby resulting in waste having a more homogeneous texture. The waste is then heated while shredding and mixing continues. The heating process eliminates pathogens. The result is that a combination of anoxic and anaerobic microbial activity within the waste is promoted while the organic portion of the solid content is largely dissolved into liquids, gases and biomass. Following heating, shredding and mixing, the treated waste separates into waste liquid and waste solid as the unsolubilized solids precipitate out of solution.