Abstract: A fluid coupling comprises a compliant material, a seal gland having at least one projection configured to contact the compliant material, and a cover plate configured to compress the compliant material into the gland, thus forcing the compliant material against the projection.

Abstract: A preferred sample introduction apparatus includes a wall that defines a channel, with the channel being configured to receive a sample and being adapted to engage in fluid communication with the separation column of a chromatographic apparatus. Preferably, a coating of semi-conductive material is arranged adjacent to at least a portion of the wall. Additionally, a heater controller is provided which electro-magnetically communicates with the coating. So configured, the coating, in response to receiving energy from the heater controller, increases in temperature, thereby increasing a temperature of the sample.

Abstract: An actuator assembly having a first and a second stack of piezoelectric materials having electrode layers connecting the stacks to a voltage source. A cavity is defined within said first stack and is adapted to receive a first end of the second stack. A first opening and a second opening are defined within the stack wherein each is in fluid communication with the cavity and wherein the first opening has a flat surface within the cavity. A flat face opposite the first opening forms a contact seal with the flat surface. The first and second stacks are adapted to unseal the face from the surface in response to a voltage.