Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for apparatus for accurately measuring and calibrating elemental concentration measurements for a semiconductor wafer. The apparatus includes an edxrf system for calculating an elemental concentration at a target area of the semiconductor wafer. The apparatus further includes an optical subsystem for calculating volumetric information of the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The elemental concentration may be calibrated by first correlating the elemental concentration measurements for a norm feature at the target area with the volumetric information for the norm feature of the target area to obtain a calibration data. Thereafter, the calibration data obtained is used to calibrate the elemental concentration measurements to achieve an accurate measurement thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for apparatus for inspecting a semiconductor wafer for abnormalities by accurately measuring elemental concentration at a target area. The apparatus includes an x-ray imaging subsystem for measuring an elemental composition at the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The apparatus further includes an edxrf subsystem for measuring an elemental concentration at the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The elemental concentration may be calibrated by first correlating the elemental concentration measurements obtained using x-ray imaging system for the target area with the elemental concentration measurements obtained using the edxrf subsystem for the target area to receive an augmented and accurate elemental concentration measurement for the target area of the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A puzzle kit and a puzzle constructed from said puzzle kit. The puzzle kit comprises a three dimensional substrate having an outer surface, and a plurality of puzzle pieces that cannot interlock. Each puzzle piece has a first surface and an opposite second surface and a thickness defined between the first and second surfaces. Each puzzle piece comprises first attachment means and the outer surface of the substrate defines a plurality of complementary second attachment means, such that the first attachment means and the second attachment means magnetically attach each puzzle piece to the outer surface. The first attachment means comprises a projection extending from the second surface of the puzzle piece. The second attachment means comprises a hole to partly receive the projection.

Abstract: Methods of shaping a glass sheet include providing a shaping support for supporting the glass sheet; providing a press bending apparatus comprising at least a first and a second mould member, each mould member being movable relative to the shaping support; heating the glass sheet; positioning the glass sheet on the shaping support; moving at least one of the shaping support and the press bending apparatus toward the other to press the glass sheet in a first region thereof between the shaping support and the first mould member; moving the second mould member relative to the first mould member to press the glass sheet in a second region thereof, and moving the first mould member relative to the shaping support to further press the glass sheet in the first region thereof between the first mould member and the shaping support. Apparatus useful to carry out the methods is also described.

Abstract: A downhole apparatus including a tubular body, first and second ports in a wall of the body, and a fluid pressure-responsive valve arrangement having a locked first configuration associated with a first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, an unlocked second configuration associated with a second pressure higher than the first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, and a third configuration associated with a third pressure lower than the second pressure in which the second port is open and the first port is closed.

Abstract: A fluid retaining structure comprising an electronic leak detection and location, ELDL, system, wherein the fluid retaining structure comprises inner and outer liners (18, 16) that form electrical isolation layers of the ELDL system, wherein an electrically conductive signal layer (10, 12) of the ELDL system provides structural rigidity to the fluid retaining structure.

Abstract: ZnxZryOz mixed oxide catalysts having improved stability for the conversion of ethanol to isobutene are described, together with methods for making such catalysts.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention disclosed herein provide techniques for frame-accurate navigation of a media file. A multi-pass encoding application executing on a media content server encodes a set of file-based images associated with a media file using a first set of encoding parameters to generate a first encoded media file. The multi-pass encoding application encodes the first encoded media file using a second set of encoding parameters to generate a second encoded media file. The first encoded media file and second encoded media file are stored on the media content server and/or or other media content servers. Content delivery applications executing on these media content servers receive a request associated with the media file from a web browsing application, determine a type of the web browsing application, and transmit either the first encoded media file or the second encoded media file based on the type of web browsing application.

Abstract: A method for processing of motion images based on a first set of motion image frames for a first eye view and at least one image frame for a second eye view. One embodiment of the method can include: identifying an object in a first image frame from the first eye view at a given time t; using a planar tracker, generating a homography relating to apparent movement of the object between the first image frame from the first eye view at the given time to a first image frame from the second eye view at a similar time t?; and using the homography to enhance processing of image(s) in the first and/or the second eye view. Thus, the homography can be used to define the relationship between two views taken at a similar time from two different locations.

Abstract: A fluid retaining structure comprising an electronic leak detection and location, ELDL, system, wherein the fluid retaining structure comprises inner and outer liners (18, 16) that form electrical isolation layers of the ELDL system, wherein an electrically conductive signal layer (10, 12) of the ELDL system provides structural rigidity to the fluid retaining structure.

Abstract: ZnxZryOz mixed oxide catalysts having improved stability for the conversion of ethanol to isobutene are described, together with methods for making such catalysts.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for apparatus for accurately measuring and calibrating elemental concentration measurements for a semiconductor wafer. The apparatus includes an edxrf system for calculating an elemental concentration at a target area of the semiconductor wafer. The apparatus further includes an optical subsystem for calculating volumetric information of the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The elemental concentration may be calibrated by first correlating the elemental concentration measurements for a norm feature at the target area with the volumetric information for the norm feature of the target area to obtain a calibration data. Thereafter, the calibration data obtained is used to calibrate the elemental concentration measurements to achieve an accurate measurement thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for apparatus for inspecting a semiconductor wafer for abnormalities by accurately measuring elemental concentration at a target area. The apparatus includes an x-ray imaging subsystem for measuring an elemental composition at the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The apparatus further includes an edxrf subsystem for measuring an elemental concentration at the target area of the semiconductor wafer. The elemental concentration may be calibrated by first correlating the elemental concentration measurements obtained using x-ray imaging system for the target area with the elemental concentration measurements obtained using the edxrf subsystem for the target area to receive an augmented and accurate elemental concentration measurement for the target area of the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A downhole apparatus including a tubular body, first and second ports in a wall of the body, and a fluid pressure-responsive valve arrangement having a locked first configuration associated with a first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, an unlocked second configuration associated with a second pressure higher than the first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, and a third configuration associated with a third pressure lower than the second pressure in which the second port is open and the first port is closed.

Abstract: A downhole apparatus including a tubular body, first and second ports in a wall of the body, and a fluid pressure-responsive valve arrangement having a locked first configuration associated with a first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, an unlocked second configuration associated with a second pressure higher than the first pressure in which the first port is open and the second port is closed, and a third configuration associated with a third pressure lower than the second pressure in which the second port is open and the first port is closed.

Abstract: A substrate processing system includes a showerhead including a stem portion and a head portion. The stem portion is in fluid communication with a process gas source, and the head portion is arranged to provide process gases from the process gas source to a reaction volume of a processing chamber below the showerhead to generate plasma in the reaction volume. A suppressor is arranged above the head portion of the showerhead, extends from the stem portion toward sidewalls of the processing chamber, and is sealed against the sidewalls of the processing chamber or sealed against an enclosure surrounding the suppressor. The suppressor, the sidewalls, and a top surface of the processing chamber, the suppressor and the enclosure, or the suppressor, the enclosure, and the top surface define a partitioned volume of the processing chamber above the showerhead. The partitioned volume is in fluid communication with a purge gas source.

Abstract: A substrate processing system includes a showerhead including a stem portion and a head portion. The stem portion is in fluid communication with a process gas source, and the head portion is arranged to provide process gases from the process gas source to a reaction volume of a processing chamber below the showerhead to generate plasma in the reaction volume. A suppressor is arranged above the head portion of the showerhead, extends from the stem portion toward sidewalls of the processing chamber, and is sealed against the sidewalls of the processing chamber or sealed against an enclosure surrounding the suppressor. The suppressor, the sidewalls, and a top surface of the processing chamber, the suppressor and the enclosure, or the suppressor, the enclosure, and the top surface define a partitioned volume of the processing chamber above the showerhead. The partitioned volume is in fluid communication with a purge gas source.

Abstract: An air traffic control system, for use by a controller controlling multiple aircraft on landing or takeoff on a runway, comprising a processor, an input device and a display device, in which the separation between a first aircraft and a second aircraft immediately following it on the runway is determined taking into account the type of the first aircraft and its consequent impact on the landing beams used in poor visibility.

Abstract: Positive active material pastes for flooded deep discharge lead-acid batteries, methods of making the same and lead-acid batteries including the same are provided. The positive active material paste includes lead oxide, a sulfate additive, and an aqueous acid. The positive active material paste contains from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt % of the sulfate additive. Batteries using such positive active material pastes exhibit greatly improved performance over batteries with conventional positive active material pastes.

Abstract: Positive active material pastes for flooded deep discharge lead-acid batteries, methods of making the same and lead-acid batteries including the same are provided. The positive active material paste includes lead oxide, a sulfate additive, and an aqueous acid. The positive active material paste contains from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt % of the sulfate additive. Batteries using such positive active material pastes exhibit greatly improved performance over batteries with conventional positive active material pastes.