Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter coupled to a receiver a main signal encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX). In order to transmit the auxiliary signal without needing additional space in the transmission frame, the auxiliary signal is transmitted by changing the coding property according to a predetermined sequence. This is done by means of the sequencer. In the receiver, the decoding of the predetermined sequence is performed by a decoder.

Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter coupled to a receiver a main signal encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX). In order to transmit the auxiliary signal without needing additional space in the the transmission frame, the auxiliary signal is transmitted by changing the coding property according to a predetermined sequence. This is done by means of the sequencer. In the receiver the decoding of the predetermined sequence is performed by a decoder.

Abstract: An information carrier includes runlength limited marks in a track. The runlengths of the marks represent main channel bits and variations of a further parameter of the marks representing secondary channel bits. Not all marks have the variations, only marks of at least a predetermined runlength have the variations.

Abstract: A transmission system comprising a transmitter comprising at least a first channel encoder for encoding source symbols into coded symbols and for setting at least one coding property thereof, and a further channel encoder for encoding the at least one coding property of the at least first channel encoder; and a reciever comprising at least a first channel decoder for deriving reconstructed source symbols from the coded symbols received from the transmitter and a further channel decoder for obtaining the at least one coding property by decoding the encoded coding property; wherein the receiver is capable of setting the at least one coding property of the at least first channel decoder according to the at least one coding property and the transmitter is capable of transmitting the encoded coding property to the receive over a transmission channel.

Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter (4) coupled to a receiver (6) a main signal (SPEECH INPUT) encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX).

Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter coupled to a receiver a main signal encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX). In order to transmit the auxiliary signal without needing additional space in the transmission frame, the auxiliary signal is transmitted by changing the coding property according to a predetermined sequence. This is done by means of the sequencer. In the receiver, the decoding of the predetermined sequence is performed by a decoder.

Abstract: In a transmission system comprising a transmitter (4) coupled via a transmission channel (10) to a receiver (6). The transmitter (4) comprises a channel encoder (14) for deriving encoded symbols from source symbols. The receiver (6) comprises a channel decoder (28) for reconstructing the source symbols from the signal received from the transmission channel (10).

Abstract: An information carrier includes runlength limited marks in a track. The runlengths of the marks represent main channel bits and variations of a further parameter of the marks representing secondary channel bits. Not all marks have the variations, only marks of at least a predetermined runlength have the variations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an information carrier comprising runlength limited marks in a track. The runlengths of the marks represent main channel bits and variations of a further parameter of the marks representing secondary channel bits. Not all marks have said variations, only marks of at least a predetermined runlength have said variations.

Abstract: A transmission system comprising a transmitter comprising at least a first channel encoder for encoding source symbols into coded symbols and for setting at least one coding property thereof, and a further channel encoder for encoding the at least one coding property of the at least first channel encoder; and a receiver comprising at least a first channel decoder for deriving reconstructed source symbols from the coded symbols received from the transmitter and a further channel decoder for obtaining the at least one coding property by decoding the encoded coding property; wherein the receiver is capable of setting the at least one coding property of the at least first channel decoder according to the at least one coding property and the transmitter is capable of transmitting the encoded coding property to the receiver over a transmission channel.

Abstract: Multiword information is encoded as based on multibit symbols in relative contiguity with respect to a medium, whilst providing wordwise interleaving and wordwise error protection code facilities. This may provide error locative clues across words of multiword groups, that originate in high protectivity clue words and point to low protectivity target words. The clue words may have a first uniform size and be interspersed in a first uniform manner. The target words may have a second uniform size and be interspersed in a second uniform manner. The organization may be applied for use with optical storage. Sectors may get provisional protectivity as a low-latency error correction mechanism.

Abstract: Multiword information is based on multibit symbols disposed in relative contiguity with respect to a medium, and is encoded with a wordwise interleaving and wordwise error protection code for providing error locative clues across multiword groups. In particular, the clues originate in high protectivity clue words (BIS) that are interleaved among clue columns, and also in synchronizing columns constituted from synchronizing bit groups. The synchronizing columns are located where the clue columns are relatively scarcer disposed. The clues are directed to low protectivity target words (LDS) that are interleaved in a substantially uniform manner among target columns which form uniform-sized column groups between periodic arrangements of clue columns and synchronizing columns.

Abstract: A stream of channel bits, of a signal relating to a binary channel, is decoded into a stream of source bits, of a signal relating to a binary source. This binary channel includes a main channel and a secondary channel. This secondary channel is embedded in the main channel. Errors in the stream of secondary channel bits are corrected using a stream of corrected main channel bits. This stream of corrected main channel bits is reconstructed from a stream of corrected source bits. The secondary channel can be embedded in the main channel in different manners, e.g. via multi-level coding or via merging-bit coding.

Abstract: In a tailbiting convolutional encoder the encoder (12) is initialized with a sequence of symbols corresponding to the final symbols of a sequence to be encoded, resulting in that the begin state and the final state of the encoder are the same. The problem of the convolutional code obtained by such a coder is that it requires a substantial computational resources to decode it. In the simplified decoder according to the invention, the decoding process is extended by a plurality of trellis sections to a length N+&ngr;. At the final trellis section, the state with the largest path metric is selected as the best state. This best state is used as staring point for a trace back operation to find an earlier state at N trellis section before the final trellis section. The earlier state found there is regarded as correct, having as consequence that the trellis should terminate also in said state. By performing a trace back from said state the source symbols can be found.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for trackwise burst error correction in multitrack storage has an error protective code format that is based on first and second linear block codes each with a plurality of symbols. Of each word pair that consists of one word from either code, and whose words have a pivot symbol in common, the latter words have mutually different cross-track orientations. Each individual symbol forms the pivot symbol of one such word pair. The method first decodes an error-decodable word pair having such pivot symbol in common. The next word pair is minimally shifted with respect to the latter pivot symbol and is then decoded, such shifting being non-uniform as based on the outcome of a most recent decoding. The method then alternates the shifting and decoding steps.

Abstract: For error-protected storing data, the data is encoded by an error protecting code to encoded data and stored in a medium. Next, the data is read out again and compared with the encoded data. If a particular discrepancy between stored data and encoded data is found, a discrepancy identifier is formed and stored with the stored data for raising the error protection by the error protecting code.

Abstract: Data rate and robustness of digital error protection is improved according to the method and device of the present invention to obviate the need for audio interpolation and consequently, to be useful in fields where audio interpolation cannot be done without complex encoding and decoding strategies. Digital information signals are transferred in the form of a plurality of a number of sequences of information symbols. Each information symbol has a uniform bit length and each sequence of information symbols occurs in a respective input channel. Check words are included in transmitted digital information signals and are encoded to allow correction of erroneous symbols caused on transmission.

Abstract: Data is transmitted via a signal containing a number of simultaneously active modulated frequency channels. The data is encoded in an error protecting code. Successive data items are mapped pseudo-randomly to different frequency channels. This protects against fading which affects frequency channels that are located at periodic distances from each other. The pseudo random mapping is realized by writing the data-items into memory in one order and reading them from memory in another order. Successive signals are each modulated in this way. The memory locations vacated upon reading data items for the modulation of one signal are filled by data-items for modulating the next successive signal. This is kept up by permuting the order of the memory locations in which the data-items are written for each successive signal.

Abstract: Recording apparatus for recording in a track on an optical information carrier a first channel signal representing a main information signal, a second channel signal representing a cue information signal and a third channel signal representing a sub information signal. The main information signal includes at least one programme item and the cue information signal includes for the at least one programme item an indication of its location on the track.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement calculates pseudo-random permutations of a set of numbers. Including compositions of some basic pseudo-random permutations and the inverse permutations of permutations that are calculated. The basic pseudo-random permutations, their compositions and inverses are all calculated by the same generator whose operation is commanded to calculate the appropriate permutation by specifying a set of integer coefficients f.sub.i. The generator calculates the permutations .sigma.(n) of the numbers n=0 . . . m-1 corresponding to ##EQU1## where .alpha. is an integer number which is divisible by all prime factors of m and by four if m is divisible by four, with a potency s(.alpha.) of two or higher. When the same a is used for all permutations it is assured that all compositions and inverses of the generated permutations can be calculated in the same way, by the same generator.