Abstract: A sample ratio mismatch (SRM) analyzer receives data from an online controlled experiment (OCE) and provides information to help determine a root cause of an SRM. The SRM analyzer may identify one or more segments in the data that include an SRM and may determine whether a triggered scorecard of the OCE includes an SRM. The data may include one or more scorecards. The SRM analyzer may determine whether each scorecard has an SRM. The SRM analyzer may test a difference in proportion of users assigned to treatment between a last scorecard without an SRM and a first scorecard with an SRM. If the difference in proportion is statistically meaningful, the SRM analyzer may determine that the SRM arose after the last scorecard. If the difference in proportions is not statistically meaningful, the SRM analyzer may determine that the SRM existed from a beginning of the OCE.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for compressed fluid vessel monitoring can permit a user to more easily order replacement vessels, monitor use, monitor inventory and return empty vessels. Embodiments can utilize a collar connectable to a vessel to help facilitate such functionality. The collar can be adapted to transmit signals to a data processing system. The data processing system can be adapted to permit a user to track the location and fill status of the vessel as well as order a replacement vessel and disposal or return of an empty vessel. Instrumented vessels can also convey sensor data to help identify a leak condition or other condition of the vessel. In some embodiments, the data processing system can be adapted for integration into a user's inventory system and/or purchasing system as well as a supplier's system to facilitate communications concerning vessel fill status, reorder, and/or vessel return.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.