Abstract: A railway monitoring system for detecting degradations, anomalies, changes, and other states of the railway that may indicate an increased probability of derailment, the need for maintenance, or the impedance of railway operation. The railway monitoring system broadly includes a sensor, a data storage component, a data collection and processing component, and a location positioning component. The sensor and other equipment are mounted in a specially designed or modified rail car and cooperatively collect data representative of railway conditions or states and detect changes in the conditions or states by comparing the collected data to previously collected data points.

Abstract: A railway monitoring system for detecting degradations, anomalies, changes, and other states of the railway that may indicate an increased probability of derailment, the need for maintenance, or the impedance of railway operation. The railway monitoring system broadly includes a sensor, a data storage component, a data collection and processing component, and a location positioning component. The sensor and other equipment are mounted in a specially designed or modified rail car and cooperatively collect data representative of railway conditions or states and detect changes in the conditions or states by comparing the collected data to previously collected data points.

Abstract: A railway monitoring system for detecting degradations, anomalies, changes, and other states of the railway that may indicate an increased probability of derailment, the need for maintenance, or the impedance of railway operation. The railway monitoring system broadly includes a sensor, a data storage component, a data collection and processing component, and a location positioning component. The sensor and other equipment are mounted in a specially designed or modified rail car and cooperatively collect data representative of railway conditions or states and detect changes in the conditions or states by comparing the collected data to previously collected data points.

Abstract: A railway monitoring system for detecting degradations, anomalies, changes, and other states of the railway that may indicate an increased probability of derailment, the need for maintenance, or the impedance of railway operation. The railway monitoring system broadly includes a sensor, a data storage component, a data collection and processing component, and a location positioning component. The sensor and other equipment are mounted in a specially designed or modified rail car and cooperatively collect data representative of railway conditions or states and detect changes in the conditions or states by comparing the collected data to previously collected data points.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melt processable semicrystalline fluoropolymer comprising: (a) about 0.001 to about 25 weight percent of repeating units arising from a hydrocarbon monomer having a functional group and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, wherein said functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of amine, amide, hydroxyl, phosphonate, sulfonate, nitrile, boronate and epoxidehydrocarbon monomer; and (b) the remaining weight percent of repeating units arising from tetrafluoroethylene. This melt processable semicrystalline fluoropolymer is impermeable to fuels and is useful as a lining for petroleum fuel tubing, as well as chemical resistance coating for, or adhesive between, perfluoropolymer and other polymers, metals and inorganics.

Abstract: A method of making an electronic device includes forming an electrically conductive pattern on a substrate, forming a coverlay layer on the substrate and the electrically conductive pattern, forming a partially cured, tacky adhesive layer on the coverlay layer, and forming openings in the coverlay layer and the partially cured, tacky adhesive layer aligned with the electrically conductive pattern. The method includes positioning an IC on the partially cured, tacky adhesive layer and thereafter curing the partially cured tacky adhesive layer to thereby simultaneously mechanically secure and electrically interconnect the IC to the substrate, the IC having bond pads on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A method of making an electronic device includes forming an electrically conductive pattern on a substrate, forming a coverlay layer on the substrate and the electrically conductive pattern, forming a partially cured, tacky adhesive layer on the coverlay layer, and forming openings in the coverlay layer and the partially cured, tacky adhesive layer aligned with the electrically conductive pattern. The method includes positioning an IC on the partially cured, tacky adhesive layer and thereafter curing the partially cured tacky adhesive layer to thereby simultaneously mechanically secure and electrically interconnect the IC to the substrate, the IC having bond pads on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A system includes a hardware platform, at least one driver, a plurality of devices connected to the hardware platform, a middleware interface, and a plurality of software services. Each of the plurality of devices is selected from the group consisting of sensors and actuators. The plurality of software services is generated by the at least one driver, wherein a software service associates with a device, and wherein each of the software services complies with the middleware interface. A method for interfacing a plurality of devices to a hardware platform includes communicably connecting each of the plurality of devices to the hardware platform, converting each of the plurality of devices into a programmable software service using a driver, and programming each of the software services to comply with a middleware interface.

Abstract: Pipe useful for downhole and transport of hydrocarbon fuel such as oil and/or natural gas is provided that has a non-stick coating adhered to the pipe interior surface, said coating being at least about 50 ?m thick and comprising at least two layers constituting an inner layer and an outer layer adhered to one another, each said layers containing polymer binder and fluoropolymer and being at least about 15 ?m thick, the weight proportion of said polymer binder to said fluoropolymer in said inner layer and in said outer layer but being effective to maintain adhesion between said layers during pressurization and decompression upon said non-stick coating being exposed to the Autoclave Test and the proportion of said fluoropolymer in said inner layer and said outer layer being effective to protect said interior surface during exposure of said non-stick coating to the Acid Soak Test.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer comprising: (a) about 0.001 to about 25 weight percent of repeating units arising from a hydrocarbon monomer having a functional group and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, wherein said functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of amine, amide, hydroxyl, phosphonate, sulfonate, nitrile, boronate and epoxidehydrocarbon monomer; and (b) the remaining weight percent of repeating units arising from tetrafluoroethylene. This melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer is impermeable to fuels and is useful as a lining for petroleum fuel tubing, as well as chemical resistance coating for, or adhesive between, perfluoropolymer and other polymers, metals and inorganics.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous coating compositions for metal substrates, where the coating provides improved corrosion resistance compared to conventional aqueous corrosion resistant coatings. The coating comprises (a) one or more functionalized acrylic polymer; (b) one or more melamine resin; (c) one or more perfluorinated polymer; and (d) one or more dispersing polymer selected from the group consisting of polyimide (P1), polyamideimide (PAI), polyether sulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and a mixture thereof. The composition is particularly useful for fasteners, such as nuts and bolts, used in marine environments.

Abstract: A system includes a hardware platform, at least one driver, a plurality of devices connected to the hardware platform, a middleware interface, and a plurality of software services. Each of the plurality of devices is selected from the group consisting of sensors and actuators. The plurality of software services is generated by the at least one driver, wherein a software service associates with a device, and wherein each of the software services complies with the middleware interface. A method for interfacing a plurality of devices to a hardware platform includes communicably connecting each of the plurality of devices to the hardware platform, converting each of the plurality of devices into a programmable software service using a driver, and programming each of the software services to comply with a middleware interface.

Abstract: A system includes a hardware platform, at least one driver, a plurality of devices connected to the hardware platform, a middleware interface, and a plurality of software services. Each of the plurality of devices is selected from the group consisting of sensors and actuators. The plurality of software services is generated by the at least one driver, wherein a software service associates with a device, and wherein each of the software services complies with the middleware interface. A method for interfacing a plurality of devices to a hardware platform includes communicably connecting each of the plurality of devices to the hardware platform, converting each of the plurality of devices into a programmable software service using a driver, and programming each of the software services to comply with a middleware interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer comprising: (a) about 0.001 to about 25 weight percent of repeating units arising from a hydrocarbon monomer having a functional group and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, wherein said functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of amine, amide, hydroxyl, phosphonate, sulfonate, nitrile, boronate and epoxidehydrocarbon monomer; and (b) the remaining weight percent of repeating units arising from tetrafluoroethylene. This melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer is impermeable to fuels and is useful as a lining for petroleum fuel tubing, as well as chemical resistance coating for, or adhesive between, perfluoropolymer and other polymers, metals and inorganics.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroolefin copolymer applied as a primer powder in conjunction with a powder overcoat of tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (vinyl alkyl ether) copolymer, also known as perfluoroalkoxy polymer (PFA), which when baked onto a substrate gives superior and more durable adhesion of the coating system to the substrate. The quality of the adhesion is measured by a boiling water peel test.

Abstract: A process for forming a release surface on a substrate includes applying a primer powder on the substrate to form a primer layer, applying an overcoat powder on the primer layer to form an overcoat layer, and baking the substrate after applying both the primer powder and the overcoat powder. The primer powder includes a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroolefin copolymer and a non-melt processible binder. The overcoat powder includes a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer.

Abstract: Pipe useful for downhole and transport of hydrocarbon fuel such as oil and/or natural gas is provided that has a non-stick coating adhered to the pipe interior surface, said coating being at least about 50 ?m thick and comprising at least two layers constituting an inner layer and an outer layer adhered to one another, each said layers containing polymer binder and fluoropolymer and being at least about 15 ?m thick, the weight proportion of said polymer binder to said fluoropolymer in said inner layer and in said outer layer but being effective to maintain adhesion between said layers during pressurization and decompression upon said non-stick coating being exposed to the Autoclave Test and the proportion of said fluoropolymer in said inner layer and said outer layer being effective to protect said interior surface during exposure of said non-stick coating to the Acid Soak Test.

Abstract: A process for forming a release surface on a substrate includes applying a primer powder on the substrate to form a primer layer, applying an overcoat powder on the primer layer to form an overcoat layer, and baking the substrate after applying both the primer powder and the overcoat powder. The primer powder includes a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroolefin copolymer and a non-melt processible binder. The overcoat powder includes a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer.

Abstract: Phase delay compensation sweep may be used in determining correct phase delay compensation of measured currents for substantially matching a measured apparent power to an expected apparent power over an operating range of current values of a current transformer (CT). A frequency sweep may also be used in determining correct phase delay compensation of each measured current in applications having multiple frequencies. Phase delay compensation for each CT current value may be stored in a phase delay compensation look-up table during the phase delay compensation sweep calibration and recalled from the look-up table during operational power measurements. Phase delay compensation for each CT current value and each frequency of that current value may be stored in a phase delay compensation look-up table during the phase delay compensation sweep calibration and recalled from the look-up table during operational power measurements.

Abstract: Phase delay compensation sweep may be used in determining correct phase delay compensation of measured currents for substantially matching a measured apparent power to an expected apparent power over an operating range of current values of a current transformer (CT). A frequency sweep may also be used in determining correct phase delay compensation of each measured current in applications having multiple frequencies. Phase delay compensation for each CT current value may be stored in a phase delay compensation look-up table during the phase delay compensation sweep calibration and recalled from the look-up table during operational power measurements. Phase delay compensation for each CT current value and each frequency of that current value may be stored in a phase delay compensation look-up table during the phase delay compensation sweep calibration and recalled from the look-up table during operational power measurements.