Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel compounds for treating apicomplexan parasite related disorders, methods for their use; cell line and non-human animal models of the dormant parasite phenotype and methods for their use in identifying new drugs to treat apicomplexan parasite related disorders, and biomarkers to identify disease due to the parasite and its response to treatment.

Abstract: A tubular graft comprising an internal helical formation which imparts helical flow on fluid passing through the tubular graft. One end of the tubular graft is tapered from an inner base to an outer tip.

Abstract: A tubular conduit is disclosed. The tubular conduit comprises a tubular portion made from a flexible material and an axially extending external helical formation located around the outside of the tubular portion. The external helical formation is for supporting the tubular portion. Optionally the tubular portion also comprises an axially extending internal helical protrusion, which imparts a helical flow to a fluid passing through the tubular portion. It is preferred that the tubular conduit is a vascular graft.

Abstract: A tubular conduit is disclosed. The tubular conduit comprises a tubular portion made from a flexible material and an axially extending external helical formation located around the outside of the tubular portion. The external helical formation is for supporting the tubular portion. Optionally the tubular portion also comprises an axially extending internal helical protrusion, which imparts a helical flow to a fluid passing through the tubular portion. It is preferred that the tubular conduit is a vascular graft.

Abstract: A tubular conduit is disclosed. The tubular conduit comprises a tubular portion made from a flexible material and an axially extending external helical formation located around the outside of the tubular portion. The external helical formation is for supporting the tubular portion. Optionally the tubular portion also comprises an axially extending internal helical protrusion, which imparts a helical flow to a fluid passing through the tubular portion. It is preferred that the tubular conduit is a vascular graft.

Abstract: A tubular graft comprising an internal helical formation which imparts helical flow on fluid passing through the tubular graft. One end of the tubular graft is tapered from an inner base to an outer tip.

Abstract: A tubular graft comprising an internal helical formation which imparts helical flow on fluid passing through the tubular graft. One end of the tubular graft is tapered from an inner base to an outer tip.

Abstract: A tubular conduit (1) is disclosed. The tubular conduit comprises a tubular portion made from a flexible material and an axially extending external helical formation (16) located around the outside of the tubular portion. The external helical formation (16) is for supporting the tubular portion. Optionally the tubular portion also comprises an axially extending internal helical protrusion (15), which imparts a helical flow to a fluid passing through the tubular portion. It is preferred that the tubular conduit (1) is a vascular graft.

Abstract: There is disclosed an insert (2) for a conduit (4) adapted to effect helical flow in the conduit (4) comprising a longitudinally extending member having a helical formation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for introducing a helical formation (11) into a flexible tubular material (12). The material (12) is supported together with a surrounding helical former (13) so as to deform the material (12) to have a helical indentation (11) corresponding to the shape of the former (13). The material (12) is then set in that configuration and the former (13) is removed.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A method of assessing the effect of a conduit section (11) on flow characteristics of a first fluid in a first conduit system (1). A first fluid is caused to flow through the first conduit system (1). A transverse flow parameter of the first fluid in the first conduit system (1) downstream of the conduit section (11) is detected. At least one transverse flow characteristic of the first fluid is determined from the detected transverse flow parameter. The effect of the conduit section (11) is then assessed from the determined flow characteristics.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for introducing a helical formation (11) into a flexible tubular material (12). The material (12) is supported together with a surrounding helical former (13) so as to deform the material (12) to have a helical indentation (11) corresponding to the shape of the former (13). The material (12) is then set in that configuration and the former (13) is removed.

Abstract: There is disclosed an insert (2) for a conduit (4) adapted to effect helical flow in the conduit (4) comprising a longitudinally extending member having a helical formation.

Abstract: A marine muffler comprises an elongate cylindrical housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining an internal volume partitioned, by an angularly disposed internal baffle, into a lower chamber in communication with the inlet and an upper chamber in communication with the outlet. A vertically disposed duct is insertably secured to the baffle to allow exhaust gas and exhaust cooling water to flow from the lower inlet chamber to upper outlet chamber. The exhaust duct may preferably be further adapted with internal structure forming a plurality of individual flow conduits or passages. The duct is preferably positioned such that a plurality of flow passage inlets are positioned in proximity to the lower cylindrical housing wall, with flow passage outlets positioned in proximity to the upper housing wall. The lower duct wall may further be adapted with sidewall apertures for improving exhaust flow dynamics therethrough.

Abstract: A helical formation (2) for a conduit (1). The helical formation (2) comprises an elongate member defining at least a portion of a helix, the elongate member comprising two inwardly extending portions (6, 7). The inwardly extending portions (6, 7) are spaced from each other and extend along the length of the elongate member in side-by-side relationship.