Abstract: A device for estimating the thickness of rigid material in a tooth covering the pulp of the tooth. The device comprises a light source arrangement configured to emit light at a first wavelength and light at a second wavelength onto the tooth and a sensor arrangement for measuring the intensity of light reflected and scattered from the tooth corresponding to the first and second wavelengths. The device also comprises a processor configured to receive a first intensity map corresponding to the first wavelength and a second intensity map corresponding to the second wavelength from the sensor arrangement, analyze the first intensity map and the second intensity map to asses the amount of light reflected and scattered from the tooth corresponding to the first wavelength and the second wavelength and estimate an indication of thickness for the rigid material covering the pulp of the tooth based on the analysis.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting distance of a probe contacting a tooth surface to pulp of a tooth by determining an indication of thickness of dentine of the tooth is provided. The method comprises illuminating the dental tissue of the tooth with a probe, then receiving the data representing scattered light from the dental tissue. A spectra of the scattered light is then obtained and analyzed to further obtain a spectral analysis re-suit. An indication of the thickness of the dentine of the tooth is then determined based on the spectral analysis result. The method may help to prevent the unintended exposure of pulp during dental treatments such as drilling.

Abstract: A method (300) for detecting one or more caries using an imaging device (10), the method including the steps of: (i) directing (320) light from a first light source (12) toward a tooth (40); (ii) measuring (340), with an optical sensor (16), transmission of light from the first light source through the tooth; (iii) directing (330) light from a second light source (14) toward the tooth, wherein the second light source directs light at the tooth at a different angle relative to the first light source; (iv) measuring (350), with the optical sensor, reflectance from the tooth of light from the second light source; (v) comparing (360) the measured transmission to the measured reflectance; and (vi) determining (370), based at least in part on said comparison, whether a caries is present in the tooth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (10), system (1) and method (200) for use in blood oxygen saturation measurement of a subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to a physiological property determination apparatus (1) for determining a physiological property like a pulse rate of a person. The apparatus may be configured to be worn on the wrist like a watch. A controller (8) separately controls at least two light sources (3, 4, 5) for emitting at least two light beams having different wavelengths into tissue of the person and a light detector (6) having a two-dimensional detection surface (12) detects light, which has travelled through the tissue, wavelength-dependently and generates a wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image based on the detected light. Based on the generated wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image the physiological property is determined. The separate control of the light sources allows for an independent optimization of the illumination and detection processes for each wavelength, which in turn can lead to an improved determination of the physiological property based on the wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus (100) for determining a blood pressure measurement for a subject (102). The apparatus (100) comprises a processor (104) configured to acquire, from a light sensor (106), measurements of an intensity of light (108) of a first wavelength range reflected from the skin (110) of the subject (102) for a range of forces at which the light sensor (106) is applied to the skin. The processor (104) is further configured to determine a pulse amplitude from the measurements of light intensity at the range of applied forces and analyze the determined pulse amplitudes to determine a systolic blood pressure measurement based on the applied force at which the pulse amplitude drops below a predefined threshold and/or an integral of the pulse amplitudes and/or a diastolic blood pressure measurement based on the applied force at which an initial rise in the pulse amplitude is identified.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus (100) for determining a blood pressure measurement for a subject (102). The apparatus (100) comprises a processor (104) configured to acquire, from a light sensor (106), measurements of an intensity of light (108) of a first wavelength range reflected from the skin (110) of the subject (102) and an intensity of light (112) of a second wavelength range reflected from the skin (110) of the subject (102) for a range of forces at which the light sensor (106) is applied to the skin (110). The processor (104) is also configured to determine a ratio of the intensity of light (108) of the first wavelength range to the intensity of light (112) of the second wavelength range for each of the applied forces and determine a blood pressure measurement for the subject (102) based on an integral of the ratios with respect to the applied forces.

Abstract: A device for measuring a physiological parameter of a user carrying the device that includes a sensor having at least two sensor elements for detecting a sensor signal, a carrier configured to carry the sensor, and electrical contacts of the sensor elements that lead on, into or through the carrier. One or more frames carried by the carrier are formed around the sensor and/or the individual sensor elements, and an insulator material is filled between the one or more frames and the sensor and/or the sensor elements surrounded by a respective frame without covering a top surface of a respective sensor element facing away from the carrier.

Abstract: A method (300) for detecting one or more caries using an imaging device (10), the method including the steps of: (i) directing (320) light from a first light source (12) toward a tooth (40); (ii) measuring (340), with an optical sensor (16), transmission of light from the first light source through the tooth; (iii) directing (330) light from a second light source (14) toward the tooth, wherein the second light source directs light at the tooth at a different angle relative to the first light source; (iv) measuring (350), with the optical sensor, reflectance from the tooth of light from the second light source; (v) comparing (360) the measured transmission to the measured reflectance; and (vi) determining (370), based at least in part on said comparison, whether a caries is present in the tooth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable device for determining a heart rate of a person, said portable device comprising: a heart rate measurement unit for measuring the heart rate of the person over time to generate a heart rate signal, a motion measurement unit for measuring the motion of a body part of the person over time to generate a motion signal, and a processing unit which is adapted to measure a signal quality of the heart rate signal, to calculate the heart rate based on the heart rate signal if said signal quality is above a predefined threshold, and to estimate the heart rate based on the motion signal if said signal quality is below said threshold.

Abstract: An optical sensing apparatus (10), a corresponding optical sensing method and a corresponding computer program configured to sense a property of a living being are provided. The optical sensing apparatus (10) comprises a contact surface (20) configured to be brought into contact with the skin (5) of the living being, a first optical sensor unit (30; 630) for providing a first optical signal and a second optical sensor unit (40; 640) for providing a second optical signal, wherein the first optical sensor unit (30; 630) and the second optical sensor unit (40; 640) are arranged on the contact surface (20) at a distance from each other, wherein the first optical sensor unit (30; 630) has a different protrusion length (50) from the contact surface (20) than the second optical sensor unit (40, 640). The optical sensing apparatus (10) allows a more reliable determination of a property of a living being.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photoplethysmography (PPG) apparatus (100), comprising at least one light source (110) configured to generate a beam of source light (114) having a source beam angle (118) and at least one controllable beam angle adapter (120) configured to receive a beam-angle control signal (170) indicative of a modified beam angle (124) to be set, the beam angle adapter (120) being further configured to provide the beam of source light (114) with a modified beam angle (124) to an external object (130). The PPG apparatus (100) comprises at least one PPG sensor(140)configured to provide a sensor signal (145) indicative of source light (150) scattered by the external object (130), and a PPG evaluation and control unit (160) configured to receive the sensor signal (145), to provide the beam-angle control signal (170) and to provide at its output (180) an AC signal component of the sensor signal (145).

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a method and apparatus for measuring a tissue variation signal (e.g. a photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal) without large direct current (DC) or low frequency (LF) offset which normally limit the sensor accuracy through motion artefacts and/or dynamic range requirements. The proposed solution is based on a separation of the PPG signal from the disturbance. This can be achieved by creation of a modulated PPG signal, or by creation of a differential PPG signal and an optimized sensor configuration which is adapted to remove DC or LF components.

Abstract: A heart rate monitor system having at least one primary heart rate sensor (110) for measuring or determining a heart rate of a user and for outputting an output signal (HR) is provided. The output signal (HR) is based at least on measured heart beats and/or artifacts. The heart rate monitor system also comprises a model unit (132) for estimating or predicting a heart rate (HRM) of a user based on a model stored in the model unit (132) and the information received from at least one secondary sensor (120) measuring at least one physiological factor influencing heart rate of a user. The heart rate monitor system furthermore comprises a processing unit (131) for correlating the output signal (HR) received from the primary sensor (110) with the estimated or predicted hear rate (HRM) received from the model unit (132) to differentiate the measured heart beats from the artifacts.

Abstract: PPG sensor emits light at at least three wavelengths (Y1-Y3) and detects the reflected light. The PPG sensor comprises a motion correction unit (130) for correcting motion artefacts from the detected light signals by subtracting the output signal of the detected light at the second wavelength (Y2) from an average of an output signal of the detected light at the first and third wavelength (Y1, Y3). The three wavelengths (Y1-Y3) are arranged around 550 nm. The second wavelength (Y2) is arranged equal distantly between the first and third wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (10), system (1) and method (200) for use in blood oxygen saturation measurement of a subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system and method for managing a sleep session of a subject. Managing the sleep session is based on cardiac activity in the subject during the sleep session. Cardiac activity, as monitored via one or more sensors worn on an extremity of the subject and/or placed at a distance from the subject, is used to determine periods of slow wave sleep. Sensory stimulation is delivered to the subject during the periods of slow wave sleep to enhance slow wave activity. Wearing a sensor on an extremity, and/or placing a sensor at a distance from the subject during sleep, as opposed to the subject wearing an EEG cap, is more comfortable for the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wearable device for determining electro-dermal activity of a subject (1). The device (10) comprises a light source (11) for emitting light including infrared light in the wavelength range between 750 and 950 nm into tissue of the subject, a light sensor (12) for receiving at least part of the emitted light after an interaction of the emitted light with the tissue, an evaluation unit (13) for determining the electro-dermal activity from the received light, and a support (14) for carrying the light source (11), the light sensor (12) and the evaluation unit (13), wherein the light source and the light sensor are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other.

Abstract: A photoplethysmography device comprises a light source configured to direct source light towards an external object; a light sensor arranged and configured to provide a sensor signal indicative of an intensity of a first source light fraction, which has been scattered by the external object; a casing for housing the light source and the light sensor, and having a cover plate transparent for the source light and an outer face to be facing the external object; and an optical blocking arrangement in the casing between the at least one light source and the outer face of the cover plate and configured to block a second source light fraction on its propagation path extending from the light source to the outer face of the cover plate and from the outer face of the cover plate to the light sensor without leaving the casing.

Abstract: PPG sensor emits light at at least three wavelengths (Y1-Y3) and detects the reflected light. The PPG sensor comprises a motion correction unit (130) for correcting motion artefacts from the detected light signals by subtracting the output signal of the detected light at the second wavelength (Y2) from an average of an output signal of the detected light at the first and third wavelength (Y1, Y3). The three wavelengths (Y1-Y3) are arranged around 550 nm. The second wavelength (Y2) is arranged equal distantly between the first and third wavelength.