Abstract: A burner assembly combines oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The burner assembly includes an oxygen supply tube adapted to receive a stream of oxygen and a fuel supply tube arranged to extend through the oxygen tube to convey a stream of fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel into a flame chamber. Oxygen flowing through the oxygen supply tube passes through oxygen-injection holes formed in the fuel supply tube and then mixes with fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel passing through the fuel supply tube to create an oxygen-fuel mixture in a downstream portion of the fuel supply tube. This mixture is discharged into the flame chamber and ignited in a flame chamber to produce a flame.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel combustion system combines oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The system distributes oxygen to a stream of fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel at various sites before and after ignition. The system is operable to vary the concentration of oxygen in an oxygen-fuel mixture extant at those sites.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel combustion system combines oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The system distributes oxygen to a stream of fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel at various sites before and after ignition. The system is operable to vary the concentration of oxygen in an oxygen-fuel mixture extant at those sites.

Abstract: A burner assembly combines oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The burner assembly includes an oxygen supply tube adapted to receive a stream of oxygen and a fuel supply tube arranged to extend through the oxygen tube to convey a stream of fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel into a flame chamber. Oxygen flowing through the oxygen supply tube passes through oxygen-injection holes formed in the fuel supply tube and then mixes with fluidized, pulverized, solid fuel passing through the fuel supply tube to create an oxygen-fuel mixture in a downstream portion of the fuel supply tube. This mixture is discharged into the flame chamber and ignited in a flame chamber to produce a flame.

Abstract: A burner (10, 210) is provided in accordance with the present invention that includes an outer tube (62), an inner tube (34) positioned to be within the inner tube (34), a power supply (38) coupled to the inner tube (34), and an ignitor pin (70) coupled to the outer tube (62). An insulator (16) is provided that separates the burner (10) from a natural gas supply (28). The natural gas supply (28) provides natural gas to a combustion zone (45) through the inner tube (34). An oxygen supply (58) provides oxygen to the combustion zone (45) through a gap (144) between inner and outer tubes (34, 62). A spark is created between the inner tube (34) and the ignitor pin (70) to ignite the natural gas and oxygen to create a flame (12).

Abstract: A burner (10) for use in both high O2 environments and low O2 environments comprises an outer tube (24) and an inner tube (26). The outer tube (24) defines a flow passage (53) and includes an inlet portion (42), an outlet portion (46), and a nozzle portion (44) interconnecting the inlet portion (42) and outlet portion (46). The inlet portion (42) has a larger effective cross-sectional area than the outlet portion (46) so that air (20) or an air-and-fuel mixture (35) moving through nozzle portion (44) is accelerated. The inner tube (26) is positioned to lie in the flow passage (53) of the outer tube (24) and is formed to include fuel-injection holes (78) to conduct fuel (33) into the flow passage (53).

Abstract: A burner assembly combines air and fuel to produce a burn firing into a downstream tube. The assembly includes a funnel formed to include an inlet, an outlet, and an air and fuel mixing region therebetween. The funnel also includes a cylindrical intake end at the inlet and a conical side wall mating with the cylindrical intake end and converging from the cylindrical intake end toward the outlet to fire a burn initiated in the mixing region into a tube coupled to the outlet of the funnel. The assembly also includes a system for supplying a gaseous fuel to the mixing region in the funnel and a system for introducing combustion air into the mixing region through the inlet of the funnel. The combustion air mixes with the gaseous fuel in the mixing region to produce a combustible mixture.

Abstract: A burner assembly is provided for combining oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The burner assembly includes a burner block formed to include a flame chamber having inlet and outlet openings, a bypass structure for conducting oxygen outside of the flame chamber to the outlet opening of the flame chamber and structure for discharging fuel into the flame chamber formed in the burner block.

Abstract: A burner assembly combines air and fuel to produce a burn firing into a downstream tube. The assembly includes a funnel formed to include an inlet, an outlet, and an air and fuel mixing region therebetween. The funnel also includes a cylindrical intake end at the inlet and a conical side wall mating with the cylindrical intake end and converging from the cylindrical intake end toward the outlet to fire a burn initiated in the mixing region into a tube coupled to the outlet of the funnel. The assembly also includes a system for supplying a gaseous fuel to the mixing region in the funnel and a system for introducing combustion air into the mixing region through the inlet of the funnel. The combustion air mixes with the gaseous fuel in the mixing region to produce a combustible mixture.

Abstract: A radiant burner includes a housing for receiving a combustible air and fuel mixture and a combustor unit formed to include an open-space combustion chamber having a top opening and passageways for communicating the combustible air and fuel mixture from the housing to the open-space combustion chamber. The combustor unit is a block of insulation material formed to include a cavity defining the open-space combustion chamber and a plurality of apertures defining the passageways. The combustible air and fuel mixture extant in the open-space combustion chamber is ignited to produce a flame. The top opening of the open-space combustion chamber is covered to define a flame retention region therein so that the flame is stabilized in and contained wholly within the open-space combustion chamber.

Abstract: A burner assembly is provided for combining oxygen and fuel to produce a flame. The burner assembly includes a burner block formed to include a flame chamber having inlet and outlet openings, a bypass structure for conducting oxygen outside of the flame chamber to the outlet opening of the flame chamber and structure for discharging fuel into the flame chamber formed in the burner block.