Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toner particles, and toner particles produced by such processes. The processes of the present disclosure combine melt-mixing and grinding of toner components to produce toner particles, followed by a coalescing treatment which provides toner particles having desirable spherical properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toner particles, and toner particles produced by such processes. The processes of the present disclosure combine melt-mixing and grinding of toner components to produce toner particles, followed by a coalescing treatment which provides toner particles having desirable spherical properties.

Abstract: A carrier containing a core, a polymer coating, mixtures of polymers, or a plurality of polymers thereover, and wherein at least one of, and more specifically, one of the coating polymers, includes graphite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for high intensity blending of toner particles in order to cause additive materials to become firmly affixed to the surface of base toner particles. The method includes using a blending tool having a shank with riser members at each end, such risers being angled outward from the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having regions toward the trailing edges that are thicker than regions near the leading edges.

Abstract: A toner that contains resin, colorant, wax and an aromatic hydrocarbon compatibilizer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high intensity blending apparatus, particularly for blending operations designed to cause additive materials to become affixed to the surface of base particles. The tool comprises a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having regions toward the trailing edges that are thicker than regions near the leading edges.

Abstract: An eductor-spike nozzle device includes (a) a first cylindrical member having a first wall including a cowl lip and defining a first hollow interior, and (b) a second cylindrical member mounted within the first hollow interior and having a second wall (i) externally defining an annular flow path with the first wall for flow of a first stream of fluid, and fluid compressing throat region with the cowl lip for creating a high velocity stream, and (ii) internally defining a second hollow interior for flow of a second stream of fluid so as to form the composite stream of high velocity fluid with the first stream of fluid, thereby increasing a probability of the composite stream receiving and entraining particles introduced into the composite stream.

Abstract: A jet mill includes plural nozzle devices for discharging a composite stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle device includes a plural odd number of nozzle openings for discharging an individual stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle opening comprises (i) a converging region for converging and accelerating a volume of high pressure fluid; (ii) a throat region defining a narrowest diameter region of the nozzle opening; (iii) a first expansion region for producing a linear expansion of the volume of high pressure fluid, and (iv) a second expansion region for producing a turning expansion as well as a parallel flow of the volume of high pressure fluid. The first expansion region has a radius “r1” and a length “s1” with radius r1 and length s1 determined such that (dr1/ds1) is a constant. The second expansion region has a radius “r2” and a length “s2” with radius r2 and length s2 determined such that (dr2/ds2) is non-linear and a function of s2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high intensity blending apparatus, particularly for blending operations designed to cause additive materials to become affixed to the surface of base particles. More particularly, the proposed invention relates to an improved blending tool for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The tool comprises a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high intensity blending method for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The improved method utilizes an improved blending tool comprising a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having a height dimension greater than 20 percent of the diagonal dimension of the shank.

Abstract: An eductor-spike nozzle device is provided for mounting through side walls of a fluidized bed jet mill to discharge a composite stream of high velocity fluid for receiving, entraining and delivering particles of material into a grinding chamber of a fluidized bed jet mill for particle to particle collisions.

Abstract: A fluidized bed jet mill has been provided for grinding particles of material. The fluidized bed jet mill includes plural nozzle devices mounted through side walls into a grinding chamber for discharging a composite stream of high velocity fluid that receives and delivers, for particle to particle collision, entrained particles of material to be ground within the grinding chamber. Each of the nozzle device includes a plural odd number of bell-like nozzle openings for each discharging an individual stream of high velocity fluid that together form the composite stream of high velocity fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high intensity blending method for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The improved method utilizes an improved blending tool comprising a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having a height dimension greater than 20 percent of the diagonal dimension of the shank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner and process for making the improved toner. The improved toner comprises a toner resin comprising: at least one colorant; (b) at least one toner resin mixed with the colorant and formed into combined colorant and resin particles having an average size less than 15 microns; and (c) surface additive particles wherein the surface additives are adhered to the colorant and toner resin by an impaction process in a quantity greater than three (3) percent of the combined weight of resin and colorant in the toner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner and process for making the improved toner. The improved toner comprises a toner resin comprising: at least one colorant; (b) at least one toner resin mixed with the colorant and formed into combined colorant and resin particles having an average size less than 15 microns; and (c) surface additive particles wherein the surface additives are adhered to the colorant and toner resin by an impaction process in a quantity greater than three (3) percent of the combined weight of resin and colorant in the toner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner and process for making the improved toner. The improved toner comprises a toner resin comprising: at least one colorant; (b) at least one toner resin mixed with the colorant and formed into combined colorant and resin particles having an average size less than 15 microns ; and (c) surface additive particles wherein the surface additives are adhered to the colorant and toner resin by an impaction process in a quantity greater than three (3) percent of the combined weight of resin and colorant in the toner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high intensity blending apparatus, particularly for blending operations designed to cause additive materials to become affixed to the surface of base particles. More particularly, the proposed invention relates to an improved blending tool for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The tool comprises a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner and process for making the improved toner. The improved toner comprises a toner resin comprising: at least one colorant; (b) at least one toner resin mixed with the colorant and formed into combined colorant and resin particles having an average size less than 15 microns; and (c) surface additive particles wherein the surface additives are adhered to the colorant and toner resin by an impaction process in a quantity greater than three (3) percent of the combined weight of resin and colorant in the toner.