Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for dynamically exchanging runtime state data between datacenters with a gateway using a controller bridge is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises: receiving one or more first runtime state data from one or more logical sharding central control planes (“CCPs”) controlling one or more logical sharding hosts; receiving one or more second runtime state data from a gateway that is controlled by a CCP that also controls one or more physical sharding hosts; aggregating to aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data received from the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the one or more second runtime state data received from the gateway; determining updated runtime state data based on the aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data, and the one or more second runtime state data; and transmitting the updated runtime state data to at least one of the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the gateway.

Abstract: For a managed network including multiple host machines implementing multiple logical networks, some embodiments provide a method that reduces the memory and traffic load required to implement the multiple logical networks. The method generates configuration data for each of multiple host machines including (i) data to configure a host machine to implement a set of logical forwarding elements that belong to a set of routing domains and (ii) identifiers for each routing domain in the set of routing domains. The method then receives data regarding tunnels endpoints operating on each of the host machines and an association with the routing identifiers sent to the host machines. The method then generates a routing domain tunnel endpoint list for each routing domain based on the data received from each of the host machines including a list of the tunnel endpoints associated with the routing domain which the host machines can use to facilitate packet processing.

Abstract: Disclosed are a skin-attachable adhesive patch mimicking a leg structure of a diving beetle and having excellent skin-attachment ability even in a dry or wet condition, and a method for manufacturing the same. The skin-attachable adhesive patch includes a substrate; a plurality of negative pressure chambers formed on a surface of the substrate, wherein each of the plurality of negative pressure chambers has a truncated hollow sphere structure; a micro-wrinkle layer formed on at least a portion of a remaining area of the substrate except for an area thereof where the negative pressure chambers are formed; and a patterned carbon particle layer formed on the micro-wrinkle layer.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for dynamically exchanging runtime state data between datacenters with a gateway using a controller bridge is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises: receiving one or more first runtime state data from one or more logical sharding central control planes (“CCPs”) controlling one or more logical sharding hosts; receiving one or more second runtime state data from a gateway that is controlled by a CCP that also controls one or more physical sharding hosts; aggregating to aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data received from the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the one or more second runtime state data received from the gateway; determining updated runtime state data based on the aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data, and the one or more second runtime state data; and transmitting the updated runtime state data to at least one of the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the gateway.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for assigning a routing domain identifier in a logical network environment that includes one or more logical distributed routers and one or more logical switches. In one example, the method may comprise obtaining network topology information specifying how the one or more logical distributed routers are connected with the one or more logical switches; and selecting, from the one or more logical switches, a particular logical switch for which routing domain identifier assignment is required. The method may also comprise: identifying a particular logical distributed router that is connected with the particular logical switch based on the network topology information; assigning the particular logical switch with the routing domain identifier that is associated with the particular logical distributed router; and using the routing domain identifier in a communication between a management entity and a host.

Abstract: Example methods and systems for a network management entity to perform topology-aware control information dissemination in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. The method may comprise obtaining group topology information specifying a network group, and a network configuration object that references the network group. The method may also comprise: processing the group topology information to identify, from multiple members of the network group, a first member that is relevant to a first host; and processing the group topology information to identify, from the multiple members, a second member that is irrelevant to the first host. The method may further comprise: generating and sending, to the first host, control information associated with a subset of the network group. The subset may include the first member but exclude the second member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber composite for a strain sensor and a method for producing the same. The composite includes a stretchable fiber; a conductive elastic polymer layer coated on the stretchable fiber; polymer beads disposed on the stretchable fiber or on the elastic polymer layer; and a conductive elastic polymer layer covering the polymer beads. The fiber composite is durable and stable. Therefore, a strain sensor produced using the fiber composite exhibits excellent durability, recoverability, repeatability and sensitivity, and a fast sensing speed.

Abstract: Disclose is a dry adhesive patch comprising: a plurality of embossed pillars formed on a substrate; a hemi-spherical adsorbing cup defining a top portion of each pillar, wherein a hemi-spherical hole is defined in a top portion of the adsorbing cup and is exposed to an outside; and an annular extension extending radially from an outer perimeter of a distal end of each adsorbing cup.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for dynamically exchanging runtime state data between datacenters using a controller bridge is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises: requesting, and receiving, one or more first runtime state data from one or more logical sharding central control planes (“CCPs”) controlling one or more logical sharding hosts; requesting, and receiving, one or more second runtime state data from one or more physical sharding CCPs controlling one or more physical sharding hosts; aggregating, to aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data and the one or more second runtime state data; determining updated runtime state data based on the aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data, and the one or more second runtime state data; and transmitting the updated runtime state data to the logical sharding CCPs and physical sharding CCPs.

Abstract: For a managed network including multiple host machines implementing multiple logical networks, some embodiments provide a method that reduces the memory and traffic load required to implement the multiple logical networks. The method generates configuration data for each of multiple host machines including (i) data to configure a host machine to implement a set of logical forwarding elements that belong to a set of routing domains and (ii) identifiers for each routing domain in the set of routing domains. The method then receives data regarding tunnels endpoints operating on each of the host machines and an association with the routing identifiers sent to the host machines. The method then generates a routing domain tunnel endpoint list for each routing domain based on the data received from each of the host machines including a list of the tunnel endpoints associated with the routing domain which the host machines can use to facilitate packet processing.

Abstract: A method of determining the span of logical entities in a network is provided. The method generates a directed graph. Each node of the graph corresponds to a logical network entity. Each edge of the graph has one or two directions. A direction from a first node to a second node identifies the first node as the source of span for the second node. The method determines the span of each node based on the direction of the edges of the directed graph. The method groups each set of nodes that are accessible by all other nodes in the set in a strongly connected group (SCC) sub-graph. The method generates a group node in a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to correspond to each SCC sub-graph in the directed graph. The method assigns the span of each SCC to the corresponding group node of the DAG.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adhesive patch. The adhesive patch includes a plurality of reliefs, each relief having a flat top face, and each micro channel groove defined between adjacent reliefs of the plurality of reliefs, wherein the plurality of reliefs and the micro channel groove are respectively formed on and defined the adhesive patch, and wherein a hydrogel layer is disposed on at least a portion of a bottom face of the micro channel groove and is contained in the groove. Therefore, the adhesive patch is well-adhered to a dry or wet adhered face.

Abstract: For a managed network including multiple host machines implementing multiple logical networks, some embodiments provide a method that reduces the memory and traffic load required to implement the multiple logical networks. The method generates configuration data for each of multiple host machines including (i) data to configure a host machine to implement a set of logical forwarding elements that belong to a set of routing domains and (ii) identifiers for each routing domain in the set of routing domains. The method then receives data regarding tunnels endpoints operating on each of the host machines and an association with the routing identifiers sent to the host machines. The method then generates a routing domain tunnel endpoint list for each routing domain based on the data received from each of the host machines including a list of the tunnel endpoints associated with the routing domain which the host machines can use to facilitate packet processing.

Abstract: Systems and methods of communicating between a plurality of hosts comprising one or more first hosts controlled by a first control plane and one or more second hosts controlled by a second control plane are disclosed herein. Each of the one or more first hosts runs at least one tunneling endpoint of one or more first tunneling endpoints, and each of the one or more second hosts runs at least one tunneling endpoint of one or more second tunneling endpoint. The method includes storing, at each of the one or more first hosts, a global list identifying at least the one or more second tunneling endpoints. The method further includes receiving a packet at one of the one or more first tunneling endpoints. The method further includes replicating, encapsulating, and transmitting the packet to each of the one or more second tunneling endpoints based on the global list.

Abstract: Example methods and systems for a network management entity to perform configuration change monitoring. One example method may comprise receiving a request to monitor a datapath to which a configuration change is applicable. The datapath may include multiple network elements. The method may also comprise instructing the first host to inject, at a first network element, one or more trace packets for transmission along the datapath to a second network element. The method may further comprise: obtaining state information associated with the configuration change, and detecting that an operating condition associated with the datapath is affected by the configuration change based on the state information.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for dynamically exchanging runtime state data between datacenters using a controller bridge is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises: requesting, and receiving, one or more first runtime state data from one or more logical sharding central control planes (“CCPs”) controlling one or more logical sharding hosts; requesting, and receiving, one or more second runtime state data from one or more physical sharding CCPs controlling one or more physical sharding hosts; aggregating, to aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data and the one or more second runtime state data; determining updated runtime state data based on the aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data, and the one or more second runtime state data; and transmitting the updated runtime state data to the logical sharding CCPs and physical sharding CCPs.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for dynamically exchanging runtime state data between datacenters with a gateway using a controller bridge is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises: receiving one or more first runtime state data from one or more logical sharding central control planes (“CCPs”) controlling one or more logical sharding hosts; receiving one or more second runtime state data from a gateway that is controlled by a CCP that also controls one or more physical sharding hosts; aggregating to aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data received from the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the one or more second runtime state data received from the gateway; determining updated runtime state data based on the aggregated runtime state data, the one or more first runtime state data, and the one or more second runtime state data; and transmitting the updated runtime state data to at least one of the one or more logical sharding CCPs and the gateway.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for assigning a routing domain identifier in a logical network environment that includes one or more logical distributed routers and one or more logical switches. In one example, the method may comprise obtaining network topology information specifying how the one or more logical distributed routers are connected with the one or more logical switches; and selecting, from the one or more logical switches, a particular logical switch for which routing domain identifier assignment is required. The method may also comprise: identifying a particular logical distributed router that is connected with the particular logical switch based on the network topology information; assigning the particular logical switch with the routing domain identifier that is associated with the particular logical distributed router; and using the routing domain identifier in a communication between a management entity and a host.

Abstract: Systems and methods of communicating between a plurality of hosts comprising one or more first hosts controlled by a first control plane and one or more second hosts controlled by a second control plane are disclosed herein. Each of the one or more first hosts runs at least one tunneling endpoint of one or more first tunneling endpoints, and each of the one or more second hosts runs at least one tunneling endpoint of one or more second tunneling endpoint. The method includes storing, at each of the one or more first hosts, a global list identifying at least the one or more second tunneling endpoints. The method further includes receiving a packet at one of the one or more first tunneling endpoints. The method further includes replicating, encapsulating, and transmitting the packet to each of the one or more second tunneling endpoints based on the global list.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for assigning a routing domain identifier in a logical network environment that includes one or more logical distributed routers and one or more logical switches. In one example, the method may comprise obtaining network topology information specifying how the one or more logical distributed routers are connected with the one or more logical switches; and selecting, from the one or more logical switches, a particular logical switch for which routing domain identifier assignment is required. The method may also comprise: identifying a particular logical distributed router that is connected with the particular logical switch based on the network topology information; assigning the particular logical switch with the routing domain identifier that is associated with the particular logical distributed router; and using the routing domain identifier in a communication between a management entity and a host.