Abstract: The disclosed optical assembly may include a photoalignment layer that includes photoalignment material (PAM) anchored to a substrate according to a specified surface anchoring. The optical assembly may also include a functional or transforming layer that is applied to the photoalignment layer. The transforming layer may modify the surface anchoring of the photoalignment layer to align with a polarization volume hologram layer. The polarization volume hologram layer of the optical assembly may be disposed on the transforming layer. Various other methods of manufacturing, systems, and apparatuses are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of patterning a combined layer of an electrically-conductive film, such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO), that is disposed on a flexible substrate includes bending the combined layer about a radius of curvature. The combined layer is initially bent in a first direction so that the electrically-conducive film is distal to the radius of curvature, so as to form initial dielectric lines in the electrically-conductive film. The combined layer is then bent in another direction so that the electrically-conductive film is proximate to the radius of curvature to further enhance the dielectric performance of the initial dielectric lines. The dielectric lines electrically isolate a portion of the electrically-conductive film that is disposed therebetween, to form an electrically conductive electrode.

Abstract: A frequency controlled electro-optical device includes a substrate having transparent conductive control sections patterned thereon to selectively control the optical state of an electro-optical layer. Each of the control sections are partially electrically isolated from each other by crack lines, which allows for electrical communication between adjacent/proximate control sections to occur. As such, an electrical control signal applied directly to one control section forms an electric field in that control section, and also induces an electrical field in adjacent control sections that are not in direct receipt of the control signal. Therefore, the number of electrical connections required for coupling to a driving circuit to operate the device is minimized, thereby allowing the device to be fabricated with reduced complexity and cost.

Abstract: A frequency controlled electro-optical device includes a substrate having transparent conductive control sections patterned thereon to selectively control the optical state of an electro-optical layer. Each of the control sections are partially electrically isolated from each other by crack lines, which allows for electrical communication between adjacent/proximate control sections to occur. As such, an electrical control signal applied directly to one control section forms an electric field in that control section, and also induces an electrical field in adjacent control sections that are not in direct receipt of the control signal. Therefore, the number of electrical connections required for coupling to a driving circuit to operate the device is minimized, thereby allowing the device to be fabricated with reduced complexity and cost.

Abstract: A method of patterning a combined layer of an electrically-conductive film, such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO), that is disposed on a flexible substrate includes bending the combined layer about a radius of curvature. The combined layer is initially bent in a first direction so that the electrically-conducive film is distal to the radius of curvature, so as to form initial dielectric lines in the electrically-conductive film. The combined layer is then bent in another direction so that the electrically-conductive film is proximate to the radius of curvature to further enhance the dielectric performance of the initial dielectric lines. The dielectric lines electrically isolate a portion of the electrically-conductive film that is disposed therebetween, to form an electrically conductive electrode.

Abstract: A method of patterning an electrically-conductive film is performed by providing a flexible substrate that carries the electrically-conductive film thereon to form a combined layer. The combined layer is then bent about a radius of curvature, so as to impart a stress on the brittle conductive film along the axis of curvature of the curved surface. The application of the stress to the conductive film results in the formation of crack lines that are substantially perpendicular to the direction to which the substrate and conductive film are bent. The crack lines serve to define and electrically isolate conductive sections therebetween that can be utilized as electrodes and address lines in electronic devices.

Abstract: A power supply structure includes a main body and a plug. The main body has a circular containing space, a cylinder and a plurality of conducting plates. The cylinder has a retaining plane and at least one annular groove. The plug has a plug seat and a first cylinder. The first cylinder has a protrusion and at least one elastic device on an inner side of the bottom of the first cylinder. The elastic device has a resilient arm and a pressing member. The annular groove has a stop block and a fixing space. The protrusion is provided and placed into the annular groove, so that the plug can be fixed into the main body.

Abstract: A power supply structure includes a main body and a plug. The main body has a circular containing space, a cylinder and a plurality of conducting plates. The cylinder has a retaining plane and at least one annular groove. The plug has a plug seat and a first cylinder. The first cylinder has a protrusion and at least one elastic device on an inner side of the bottom of the first cylinder. The elastic device has a resilient arm and a pressing member. The annular groove has a stop block and a fixing space. The protrusion is provided and placed into the annular groove, so that the plug can be fixed into the main body.

Abstract: An information display system for a conveying device, the information display system comprising a driving mechanism, a flexible display loop driven by the driving mechanism to travel in a closed loop, and an image forming module configured to provide media to at least a section of the flexible display loop.

Abstract: Single-layered color cholesteric liquid crystal display devices and fabrication methods thereof are provided. The color cholesteric liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate structure having a base and periodic protrusion banks. A second substrate structure is disposed opposite the first substrate structure to enclose the periodic protrusion banks, and divide a plurality of color sub-pixel channels. A plurality of color cholesteric liquid crystals are respectfully filled in each of the color sub-pixel channel, wherein the base and the periodic protrusion banks are made of continuously integral material.

Abstract: A display system including a first set of conductive electrodes, a second set of conductive electrodes, and a display medium. The first set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a selection signal. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to interact with the first set of conductive electrodes for activating the reading or writing of display data. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a data signal and to activate the reading or writing of a target area of the display device, in response to the selection signal to the first set of conductive electrodes and the data signal to the second set of conductive electrodes. The display medium is movably coupled with the first and second sets of conductive electrodes. One or both of the first and the second sets of conductive electrodes have at least two electrically independent regions having an independent signal input for each region.

Abstract: Color cholesteric liquid crystal display devices and driving methods thereof are provided. A color cholesteric liquid crystal display device includes a color cholesteric liquid crystal display panel with a plurality of sub-pixels. A driving module exerts a first voltage on a portion of sub-pixels of the color cholesteric liquid crystal display panel to hold displaying states of the biased sub-pixels. An input element exerts pressure on the color cholesteric liquid crystal display panel to change displaying states of the unbiased sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display system including a first set of conductive electrodes, a second set of conductive electrodes, and a display medium. The first set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a selection signal. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to interact with the first set of conductive electrodes for activating the reading or writing of display data. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a data signal and to activate the reading or writing of a target area of the display device, in response to the selection signal to the first set of conductive electrodes and the data signal to the second set of conductive electrodes. The display medium is movably coupled with the first and second sets of conductive electrodes. One or both of the first and the second sets of conductive electrodes have at least two electrically independent regions having an independent signal input for each region.

Abstract: Driving methods for cholesteric liquid crystal display devices are provided. The driving method includes providing a cholesteric liquid crystal display, wherein the capacitance detector corresponds to a driving module; outputting a capacitance sensing voltage waveform from the driving module to the cholesteric liquid crystal display panel such that a capacitance value of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is acquired and stored in the memory; and when the capacitance value falls in a capacitance range of a second displaying state, the capacitance detector outputs a second sensing result, and when the capacitance value falls in a capacitance range of a first displaying state, the capacitance detector outputs a first sensing result.

Abstract: A display system including a first set of conductive electrodes, a second set of conductive electrodes, and a display medium. The first set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a selection signal. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to interact with the first set of conductive electrodes for activating the reading or writing of display data. The second set of conductive electrodes is configured to receive a data signal and to activate the reading or writing of a target area of the display device, in response to the selection signal to the first set of conductive electrodes and the data signal to the second set of conductive electrodes. The display medium is movably coupled with the first and second sets of conductive electrodes. One or both of the first and the second sets of conductive electrodes have at least two electrically independent regions having an independent signal input for each region.

Abstract: Electrowetting display devices are provided. The electrowetting display includes a first substrate and an opposing second substrate with a polar fluid layer and a non-polar fluid layer interposed between the first and second substrates. A first electrode is disposed on the first substrate. A second electrode is disposed on the second substrate. A hydrophilic bank structure is disposed on the first substrate, and a reflective layer is disposed on the second substrate, wherein the first substrate of the electrowetting display serves as a display face.

Abstract: A display including a scan driver, a data driver, a first pixel, and a second pixel is disclosed. The scan driver provides a first scan signal and a second scan signal. The data driver provides a data signal. The first pixel receives the first scan signal and displays a first color. The second pixel receives the second scan signal and displays a second color. The frequency of the first scan signal and the frequency of the second scan signal relate to the first color and the second color.

Abstract: An information display system for a conveying device, the information display system comprising a driving mechanism, a flexible display loop driven by the driving mechanism to travel in a closed loop, and an image forming module configured to provide media to at least a section of the flexible display loop.

Abstract: A display unit comprises a display medium which is writable, erasable and displayable of an image and a rotatable writehead with a number of loop conductors parallel with each other. The display medium is capable of maintaining a written image without power. In operating of writing on the display medium, the loop conductors apply an electric field to a particular area of the display medium, changing the optical state of the particular area of the display medium. In operating of writing on the display medium, there is no relative motion between the display medium and the writehead.

Abstract: Single-layered color cholesteric liquid crystal display devices and fabrication methods thereof are provided. The color cholesteric liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate structure having a base and periodic protrusion banks. A second substrate structure is disposed opposite the first substrate structure to enclose the periodic protrusion banks, and divide a plurality of color sub-pixel channels. A plurality of color cholesteric liquid crystals are respectfully filled in each of the color sub-pixel channel, wherein the base and the periodic protrusion banks are made of continuously integral material.