Abstract: A double-layered substrate structure for LCD and fabricating method thereof. The fabricating method of the double-layered substrate structure includes providing a double-layered substrate structure having a plurality of liquid crystal cells therein, forming a first seal pattern along the periphery of the liquid crystal cells, wherein the first seal pattern has a notch in each liquid crystal cell for liquid crystal injection, and forming a second seal pattern along the periphery of the double-layered substrate structure, thereby protecting the liquid crystal cells from contamination. Contamination during shipping of the double-layered substrate structure is avoided, and the liquid crystal cells are well-protected during thinning of the glass substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) and fabricating method thereof. The fabricating method includes providing a double-layered substrate structure having a first seal pattern, inserted along the periphery thereof, wherein the first seal pattern has a notch for liquid crystal injection, facing an injecting direction of the liquid crystals, forming a second seal pattern near the notch, parallel to the injecting direction, injecting the liquid crystals via the notch along the injecting direction, and sealing the notch with a third seal pattern. According to the invention, the permeating rate of the third seal pattern is accelerated, enhancing the sealing of the liquid crystal display, and increasing productivity. Further, the second seal pattern enhances the adhesion between the substrate and the third seal pattern, protecting the cured third seal pattern from peeling and bubble formation.

Abstract: A double-sided LCD panel is comprised of a transflective LCD panel and a light-emitting device. One surface of the transflective panel is used in the transparent mode, and the other surface is used in the reflective mode, achieving the goal of double-sided display. The light-emitting device may function as the front light source of the display surface in the reflective mode and the backlit source of the display surface in the transparent mode. In this manner, one can use a single panel for double screen display. This can simultaneously satisfy the requirements of light-weighted products and lowering the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: Different liquid crystal twist angles realize different luminescence efficiencies for reflection and transmission regions, respectively. Therefore, the difference of liquid crystal twist is used in reflection and transmission region, respectively, of a liquid crystal display to maximize their luminescence efficiency so that the total luminescence may reach the optimum state.

Abstract: A multi-domain vertically aligned liquid crystal display. The multi-domain vertically aligned liquid crystal display has a lower board, an upper board and a liquid crystal. The lower substrate board has a plurality of slits therein. There is a bent protrusion structure on the surface between the slits. The bent protrusion structure has two pairs of surfaces symmetrical about a vertical mid-line. The pair of surfaces next to the slits makes a first angle with the horizontal while the other pair of surfaces next to the mid-line makes a second angle with the horizontal. A thin film transistor is embedded in the lower substrate board underneath the bent protrusion structures for providing an electric field. An indium-tin-oxide electrode is formed on top of each bent protrusion structure. The upper substrate board is mounted on top and parallel to the lower substrate board. The liquid crystal fills the space between the upper and the lower substrate board.

Abstract: A multi-directional diffusion-symmetric slant reflector. A substrate having a plurality of domains thereon is provided. A plurality of diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors are formed on the substrate. The diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors has a variety of shapes, including conical, elliptical cone longitudinal prismatic or other polyhedron shapes. A plurality of bumps, such as cone, elliptical cone or longitudinal prism structures, are formed on the slant surface of the diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors. The longitudinal prismatic and elliptical cone diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors within a domain are aligned to a direction. An reflection layer such as an aluminum layer, a silver layer or a layer made of materials with a characteristic of reflection, is formed over the surface of the diffusion-symmetric slant reflector. A method of forming a diffusion-symmetric slant reflector is also provided. A substrate is provided and then a photoresist layer is formed over the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for fabricating diffusive-type light reflector which is a substrate having a plurality of bumpy elements with reflective curved surfaces. Each of the plurality of bumpy elements has a first surface and a second surface, the first angle (&agr; or &thgr;) between the first surface and the substrate is different from the second angle (&bgr; or &phgr;) between the second surface and the substrate. A slit-width-adjusting mask is proposed for manufacturing the curved reflective elements in one exposing step according to the present invention. The slit-width-adjusting mask includes a plurality of slit areas. The first transparent slit area under defocus exposure has the first exposure p1, and the second transparent slit area has the second exposure q1. Each transparent slit area has the same area and is of the width p2, the first transparent slit area is of the width p2, and the second transparent slit area has the width q2.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for forming a multi-gap liquid crystal display. The method includes providing a substrate. A first insulating layer is formed on the substrate. Several bus lines are formed on the first insulating layer. A second insulating layer is formed on the first insulating layer and the bus lines. The bus lines divides the substrate into a first color region, a second color region, and a third color region. A photoresist layer covers the second color region and the third color region, where the photoresist layer at the second color region is thinner than that at the third color region. A portion of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is etched to expose the substrate at the first color region. A portion of the photoresist layer at the second color region is removed, whereby the second insulating layer is exposed and the remaining photoresist layer still covers the third color region and the bus lines.

Abstract: A multi-domain liquid crystal display (LCD) has a plurality of wall-bump structures formed on a common electrode layer on a substrate. Each wall-bump structure consists of at least one wall-bump disposed in a pixel area. Wall-bumps of many different shapes can be used in the wall-bump structure. The wall-bump structure is manufactured by a standard photo-lithographic process. It provides pre-tilted angles for liquid crystal molecules and results in orderly alignment of liquid crystal molecules when an external voltage is applied. By means of the fringe field effect to tilt liquid crystal molecules, a multi-domain LCD cell can be established after a voltage is applied. The multi-domain LCD provides fast response speed for its application and higher transmittance than a conventional vertically aligned wide-viewing angle LCD.

Abstract: A multi-domain vertically aligned liquid crystal display. The multi-domain vertically aligned liquid crystal display has a lower board, an upper board and a liquid crystal. The lower substrate board has a plurality of slits therein. There is a bent protrusion structure on the surface between the slits. The bent protrusion structure has two pairs of surfaces symmetrical about a vertical mid-line. The pair of surfaces next to the slits makes a first angle with the horizontal while the other pair of surfaces next to the mid-line makes a second angle with the horizontal. A thin film transistor is embedded in the lower substrate board underneath the bent protrusion structures for providing an electric field. An indium-tin-oxide electrode is formed on top of each bent protrusion structure. The upper substrate board is mounted on top and parallel to the lower substrate board. The liquid crystal fills the space between the upper and the lower substrate board.

Abstract: A multi-directional diffusion-symmetric slant reflector. A substrate having a plurality of domains thereon is provided. A plurality of diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors are formed on the substrate. The diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors has a variety of shapes, including conical, elliptical cone longitudinal prismatic or other polyhedron shapes. A plurality of bumps, such as cone, elliptical cone or longitudinal prism structures, are formed on the slant surface of the diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors. The longitudinal prismatic and elliptical cone diffusion-symmetric slant reflectors within a domain are aligned to a direction. An reflection layer such as an aluminum layer, a silver layer or a layer made of materials with a characteristic of reflection, is formed over the surface of the diffusion-symmetric slant reflector. A method of forming a diffusion-symmetric slant reflector is also provided. A substrate is provided and then a photoresist layer is formed over the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for forming a multi-gap liquid crystal display. The method includes providing a substrate. A first insulating layer is formed on the substrate. Several bus lines are formed on the first insulating layer. A second insulating layer is formed on the first insulating layer and the bus lines. The bus lines divides the substrate into a first color region, a second color region, and a third color region. A photoresist layer covers the second color region and the third color region, where the photoresist layer at the second color region is thinner than that at the third color region. A portion of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is etched to expose the substrate at the first color region. A portion of the photoresist layer at the second color region is removed, whereby the second insulating layer is exposed and the remaining photoresist layer still covers the third color region and the bus lines.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a liquid crystal display has a first substrate with respect to a pixel region. A W-like extruding structure composed of two V-like is formed on a surface of the substrate. A second substrate with several openings is also provided in parallel to the first substrate. The openings of the second substrate are aligned along a direction from a tip of the V-like to an edge of the pixel. Moreover, a liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the extruding structure abuts the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An electrode structure for a liquid crystal display includes a layer of pixel electrodes each having a herringbone-shaped structure, a passivation layer and a layer of common electrodes. The pixel electrodes are formed in parallel above the common electrodes. The herringbone-shaped structure of a pixel electrode has a predefined turning angle between 45 degrees to 90 degrees. The pixel electrode structure allows the liquid crystals in the display to rotate in two directions, clockwise and counterclockwise, to compensate for the color dispersion caused by a wide viewing angle.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for fabricating reflection-type light diffuser which is a substrate having a plurality of bumpy elements with reflective curved surfaces. Each of the plurality of bumpy elements having a first surface and a second surface, the first angle (&agr; or &thgr;) between the first surface and the substrate is different from the second angle (&bgr; or &phgr;) between the second surface and the substrate. A Multi-Exposure Shift Method along with specially designed masks are proposed for manufacturing the curved reflective elements in the present invention. The invention can also be used in a traditional TFT-LCD, with the diffusive film layer eliminated, as an element between the liquid crystal layer and the active matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for fabricating diffusive-type light reflector which is a substrate having a plurality of bumpy elements with reflective curved surfaces. Each of the plurality of bumpy elements having a first surface and a second surface, the first angle (&agr; or &thgr;) between the first surface and the substrate is different from the second angle (&bgr; or &phgr;) between the second surface and the substrate. A slit-width-adjusting mask is proposed for manufacturing the curved reflective elements in one exposing step according to the present invention. The slit-width-adjusting mask includes a plurality of slit area, the first transparent slit area under defocus exposure has the first exposure p1, and the second transparent slit area has the second exposure q1. Each transparent slit area has the same area and is of the width p2, the first transparent slit area is of the width p2, and the second transparent slit area has the width q2.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for fabricating reflection-type light diffuser which is a substrate having a plurality of bumpy elements with reflective curved surfaces. Each of the plurality of bumpy elements having a first surface and a second surface, the first angle (.alpha. or .theta.) between the first surface and the substrate is different from the second angle (.beta. or .phi.) between the second surface and the substrate. A Multi-Exposure Shift Method along with specially designed masks are proposed for manufacturing the curved reflective elements in the present invention. The invention can also be used in a traditional TFT-LCD, with the diffusive film layer eliminated, as an element between the liquid crystal layer and the active matrix.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a reflector which has an inclined surface for use in a reflective liquid crystal display panel, and for fabricating a reflective-type liquid crystal display panel that has a reflector with an inclined surface, and a liquid display panel made by such method are disclosed. In the reflector, a positive photoresist layer is formed into a multi-stepped configuration by exposing the layer to multiple dosages of exposure energy and then developing the layer into the multi-stepped surface. After an annealing process is conducted, the multi-stepped surface is smoothed out to provide an inclined surface that has an angle of at least 0.5.degree., and preferably of 2.5.degree. is obtained. A second photoresist layer is then deposited on top of the first photoresist layer for planarization purpose and to further smooth out the surface.

Abstract: A method for controlling the cell gap of a liquid crystal display device is disclosed. A photo-sensitive polymer layer is coated over a substrate on which color filter, ITO and black matrix of the liquid crystal display device are formed. Spacers are uniformly sprayed and adhered on the photo-sensitive polymer. With a negative-type photo-polymer, a photo-mask can be used to expose the area of photo-sensitive polymer layer covering the the black matrix. The masked area is exposed, developed and removed by a conventional photo-lithographic process. The spacers attached to the masked area are also removed. The size of the spacers attached on the polymer above the thin-film transistors and the black matrix controls the cell gap.

Abstract: The method includes patterning red, green and blue pixels (R, G, B) on a substrate. A transparent positive type photoresist is coated on the color pixels. A first exposure is performed by an illumination using a photomask having an opening aligned to the red pixels (R). Next, the photomask is relatively shift to a position such that the opening is aligned to the green pixels (g). Then, a second exposure is carried out to expose the positive photoresist. Similarly, the photomask is also shift such that the opening is aligned to the blue pixels. Subsequently, the positive photoresist is exposed by the illumination by using the photomask. The positive photoresist is exposed by controlling the intensity of the illumination, exposure time or the combination thereof. Then, the positive photoresist is developed by conventional manner. Subsequently, a color filter plate with multi-gap for LCD is formed.