Abstract: An optical device includes a monochromatic light source, a light distribution switching portion configured to transmit monochromatic light emitted from the monochromatic light source in one fan-shaped region among a plurality of fan-shaped regions centered on a central optical axis and block the monochromatic light in other fan-shaped regions, an objective lens, an aperture stop configured to collect reflected light from the object, an imaging lens, which has passed through the aperture stop, a light receiver on an imaging plane formed by the imaging lens and configured to receive the reflected light from the object and photoelectrically convert the received reflected light, and a controller configured to instruct the light distribution switching portion to change a region transmitting light over time, and calculate a normal direction of the object based on an electrical signal photoelectrically converted by the light receiver.

Abstract: Provided is an explosive body X, i.e., an explosive body for nanodiamond synthesis, includes at least an explosive main body (10) that includes a frustum part (11) and a columnar part (12). The frustum part (11) includes an upper bottom surface (11a) including an open end of a hole (H), in which a triggering unit is received, and an angled side surface (11b) forming an imaginary apex angle ? on the upper bottom surface (11a) side. The columnar part (12) is formed contiguous with the frustum part (11) on an opposite side of the frustum part (11) to the upper bottom surface (11a) of the frustum part (11) and extends in a direction away from the upper bottom surface (11a). The explosive body for nanodiamond synthesis is suitable for improving the yield in nanodiamond synthesis by a detonation method.

Abstract: A mill roller (6) is provided with a roller main body (62) that rotates about an inclined axis line (O2) and has an outer peripheral surface (64) for pulverizing an object to be crushed against the mill table (4). The outer peripheral surface (64) is convex outward in a radial direction of the roller main body (62). The outer peripheral surface (64) has a first outer peripheral surface (641) and a second outer peripheral surface (642). The first outer peripheral surface (641) has an arcuate shape formed to have the same radius of curvature on both sides of a maximum outer diameter point (A). The second outer peripheral surface (642) is further receded inward in the radial direction than an imaginary circle running along the first outer peripheral surface (641).

Abstract: A mill roller (6) is provided with a roller main body (62) that rotates about an inclined axis line (O2) and has an outer peripheral surface (64) for pulverizing an object to be crushed against the mill table (4). The outer peripheral surface (64) is convex outward in a radial direction of the roller main body (62). The outer peripheral surface (64) has a first outer peripheral surface (641) and a second outer peripheral surface (642). The first outer peripheral surface (641) has an arcuate shape formed to have the same radius of curvature on both sides of a maximum outer diameter point (A). The second outer peripheral surface (642) is further receded inward in the radial direction than an imaginary circle running along the first outer peripheral surface (641).

Abstract: A mill roller (6) is provided with a roller main body (62) that rotates about an inclined axis line (O2) and has an outer peripheral surface (64) for pulverizing an object to be crushed against the mill table (4). The outer peripheral surface (64) is convex outward in a radial direction of the roller main body (62). The outer peripheral surface (64) has a first outer peripheral surface (641) and a second outer peripheral surface (642). The first outer peripheral surface (641) has an arcuate shape formed to have the same radius of curvature on both sides of a maximum outer diameter point (A). The second outer peripheral surface (642) is further receded inward in the radial direction than an imaginary circle running along the first outer peripheral surface (641).