Abstract: A resin composition contains a preliminary reaction product obtained through mixing an epoxy resin and a monofunctional acid anhydride as a first curing agent in an equivalence ratio of the epoxy resin to the monofunctional acid anhydride in a range of 1:0.1 to 1:0.6, and reacting the epoxy resin and the monofunctional acid anhydride such that a percentage of ring opening of the monofunctional acid anhydride is 80% or more, and a second curing agent being a different compound from the monofunctional acid anhydride.

Abstract: A photoconductor including: a conductive support; an undercoat layer; and a photoconductive layer, the undercoat layer being disposed over the conductive support, the photoconductive layer being disposed over the undercoat layer, wherein the undercoat layer includes zinc oxide particles, wherein when a film thickness of the undercoat layer is 20 ?m, the undercoat layer has transmittance of 50% or more to light having a wavelength in a range of 500 nm or more but 800 nm or less, wherein a lowest transmittance of light is 85% or less in the range, and wherein when an electric field of 5 V/?m is applied to the undercoat layer, volume resistivity of the undercoat layer is 1.0×107 ?·cm or more but 5.0×108 ?·cm or less at an environment of 23° C. and 55% RH.

Abstract: Provided is a photoconductor including a conductive support, an intermediate layer containing metal oxide particles, and a photoconductive layer. The intermediate layer and the photoconductive layer are provided over the conductive support in the order of reciting. An elastic power (We/Wt value) of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 20.0% but less than 35.0%. A Martens hardness (HM) of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 350 [N/mm2] but less than 450 [N/mm2].

Abstract: Resin composition of the present disclosure includes: an epoxy resin; and a hardener, in which the hardener contains a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) and an anhydride having only one anhydride group in a molecule. An acid value of the SMA is in a range from 300 to 550, inclusive. A ratio of an anhydride equivalent number of the anhydride with respect to an epoxy group equivalent number of the epoxy resin is in a range from 0.05 to 0.5, inclusive. A ratio of the total number of the equivalent numbers of the anhydride groups of the anhydride and the SMA with respect to the epoxy group equivalent number is a range from 0.5 to 1.2, inclusive.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a substrate, an undercoat layer overlying the substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer includes a binder resin, a metal oxide particle and a compound having a thiol group.

Abstract: A electrophotographic photoconductor is provided. The electrophotographic photoconductor includes a conductive support, an undercoat layer overlying the conductive support, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer includes a metal oxide particle, binder resin, and a compound having a urea group.

Abstract: A photoconductor is provided. The photoconductor includes an electroconductive substrate; an intermediate layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer located overlying the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes at least a resin, and a particulate zinc oxide that includes sodium, sulfur and calcium in amounts of from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, and from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, respectively.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including a support, an undercoat layer overlying the support, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer is provided. The undercoat layer includes zinc oxide particles and a binder resin. The undercoat layer has a voltage (V)-current (I) characteristics such that, when S1 is a value obtained by integrating current (I[A]) in terms of voltage (V[V]) from 0 to a distribution voltage VUL[V] distributed to the undercoat layer, and S2 is a value obtained by integrating a line connecting two points at a voltage (V[V]) of 0 and the distribution voltage VUL[V] in terms of voltage (V[V]) from 0 to the distribution voltage VUL[V], S1 is within a range of from 1.0×10?4 to 1.0×10?2 and a ratio (S1/S2) of S1 to S2 is 0.50 or less.

Abstract: A photoconductor is provided. The photoconductor includes an electroconductive substrate; an intermediate layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer located overlying the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes at least a resin, and a particulate zinc oxide that includes sodium, sulfur and calcium in amounts of from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, and from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, respectively.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus that sucks liquid in hollow portions (10) of the filtering elements (1) via suction pipes (3) so that liquid passes the filtering elements and is filtered. Each suction pipe has suction holes (4) connected to the hollow portions. The suction pipes are inserted into through holes (2) of the filtering elements. The filtering elements are arranged side by side and connected to the suction pipes. A ring-shaped packing is interposed between the filtering elements, and water-tightly seals the clearance between the filtering element and the suction pipe. The through holes are arranged at peripheral locations of each filtering element. The suction pipes are inserted into the through holes of each filtering element. The filtering elements are held at the peripheral locations by the suction pipes.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus sucks liquid in hollow portions (10) of the elements (1) via suction pipes (3) so that liquid passes the elements (1) and is filtered. Each pipe (3) has suction holes (4) connected to the portions (10). The pipes (3) are inserted into through holes (2) of the elements (1). The elements (1) are arranged side by side and connected to the pipes (3). A ring-shaped packing (5) is interposed between the elements (1), and water-tightly seals the clearance between the element (1) and the pipe (3). The holes (2) are arranged at peripheral locations of each element (1). The pipes (3) are inserted into the holes (2) of each element (1). The elements (1) are held at the peripheral locations to the pipes (3).