Abstract: There is provided a pneumatic tire capable of reducing rolling resistance and suppressing river wear of uneven wear. A pneumatic tire according to the present invention comprises a tread portion provided with one or more circumferential grooves extending in parallel with a tire equator to define a plurality of land portions, wherein at least surface rubber of the tread portion has tan ? of not less than 0.02 and not more than 0.2, a wall angle of a widthwise outer wall of the circumferential groove is larger than a wall angle of a widthwise inner wall of the circumferential groove, a plurality of sipes extending in a direction across the tire equator are provided in the land portions, and a length of the sipe formed in an end portion of the land portion arranged adjacent to the circumferential groove in the widthwise outer side is longer than a length of the sipe formed in an end portion of the land portion arranged adjacent to the circumferential groove in the widthwise inner side.

Abstract: A technique is provided that can record moving images while not resulting in calculation load increase and maintaining a certain degree of image quality even when encoding corresponding to a 4:4:4 format. Provisional encoding is performed, by obtaining motion vectors in accordance with a plurality of mutually different search ranges of image data of one color component, on a preset number of frame images at an initial stage at a time when an encoding start instruction is given. Moreover, the search range having the smallest error vector among each of the search ranges is determined as a search range for a motion vector, for each color component in main encoding processing carried out following provisional encoding.

Abstract: A moving image encoding apparatus for performing prediction encoding using inter prediction and intra prediction, comprising storage means for storing an encoding target image, reference image storage means for storing a reference image, decision means for deciding one of an inter prediction mode and an intra prediction mode as a prediction mode for a prediction target block, and encoding means for encoding the encoding target image including a block predicted in accordance with the decided prediction mode. The prediction mode decision means comprising pattern matching means for determining correlation between the encoding target image and the reference image. The prediction mode decision means selectively uses the pattern matching means when determining the correlation for the prediction target block by the inter prediction mode, and when determining the correlation for the prediction target block by intra template prediction.

Abstract: A motion vector generation apparatus which generates a motion vector utilized to execute motion-compensated encoding based on comparison between a block to be encoded in an image to be encoded and a reference block in a reference image. The apparatus sequentially selects a candidate from a plurality of motion vector candidates, sequentially calculates differences between pixel values of the block to be encoded and pixel values of the reference block corresponding to respective motion vector candidates, calculates, as an average difference, differences between an average pixel value obtained by averaging the pixel values of the block to be encoded and respective pixel values of the block to be encoded, decides a weighting coefficient based on a ratio between a minimum difference and the average difference, and calculates, for each selected motion vector candidate, an evaluation value for deciding a motion vector candidate having a minimum evaluation value.

Abstract: The object is to provide a precured tread for a retreaded tire improving attachability to a base tire. In a strip-shaped precured tread 10 to be attached to a crown portion of a base tire 32 from which a tread has been removed, side tread rubbers 14 disposed in side regions CS on both sides of a central region CN are set to have JIS A hardness lower than that of a central tread rubber 12 disposed in the central region CN including a widthwise centerline C so as to improve attachability to a base tire.

Abstract: A motion compensator detects a first shift amount between temporally adjacent first and second frames, wherein the first shift amount is detected based upon a differential value between pixels constituting the first frame and pixels constituting the second frame; stores in a storing unit of information of the detected first shift amount with regard to each reference frame candidate; calculates a second shift amount between the input frame and each reference frame candidate based upon the first shift amount or a sum of the first shift amount from each reference frame candidate to the input frame; selects a reference frame candidate for which the second shift amount is smallest as a reference frame; and calculates a motion vector, with regard to each macro block of the input frame, based upon each macro block of the reference frame.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle braking force generator capable of detecting a lock failure quickly. A vehicle braking force generator includes a motor cylinder device that generates a brake hydraulic pressure according to an operation amount of a brake pedal, a motor current obtaining unit that obtains a torque current according to an electric motor, a brake hydraulic pressure obtaining unit that obtains a brake hydraulic pressure generated in a cylinder unit, a movement amount obtaining unit that obtains a movement amount of pistons to a compression direction of a brake fluid relative to the cylinder unit, and a determination unit that determines an operation state of the motor cylinder device.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an encoding unit encoding an input motion image signal, a recording unit recording encoded motion image data on a recording medium, a complexity detection unit detecting complexity of a motion image according to the input motion image data, a remaining amount detection unit detecting a remaining recording capacity of the recording medium, and a control unit having a first mode for controlling the encoding unit based on information of the complexity detected by the complexity detection unit so as to adjust a code amount of the encoded motion image data and a second mode for controlling the encoding unit without using the information of the complexity detected by the complexity detection unit so as to adjust the code amount of the encoded motion image data, wherein the control unit switches over the first mode and the second mode on the basis of an output of the remaining amount detection unit.

Abstract: An apparatus detects a motion vector using image data to be encoded, and a plurality of reference image data. The apparatus conducts a motion vector search for first reference image data using a large block obtained by dividing the image data to be encoded, and divides the large block into a smaller block size at the position of a smallest matching error. The apparatus determines a block size used in a motion vector search for another reference data based on matching errors in the small blocks.

Abstract: A motion vector detection apparatus is configured to calculate a temporal distance between a frame to be coded and each of a plurality of reference candidate frames referred to by the frame to be coded. The motion vector detection apparatus searches for a candidate motion vector between the frame to be coded and each the plurality of reference candidate frames and detects a motion vector for the frame to be coded from the candidate motion vectors. In searching for and detecting a candidate motion vector, the motion vector detection apparatus changes an amount of the calculation performed during the detection of a candidate motion vector according to the calculated temporal distance between the frame to be coded and the reference candidate frame, and a coding type of the reference candidate frame.

Abstract: When a plurality of image signals of an object picked up by a plurality of image pickup units are encoded on a predetermined pixel block basis by using an inter-prediction between images, difference information showing an offset between the images is generated from the plurality of image signals, and a search range which is set in order to detect a vector on the predetermined pixel block basis is adaptively set in accordance with the generated difference information.

Abstract: A moving image encoding apparatus, comprising, a first image transformation unit adapted to transform image data into first image information, with reference to reference image data, a second image transformation unit adapted to inverse transform the first image information into reconstructed image data and a determination unit adapted to determine, based on the image data and the reconstructed image data, whether or not to use the reconstructed image data as the reference image data, wherein the determination unit calculates a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) from the reconstructed image data and the image data, and, if the PSNR is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, determines to use the reconstructed image data as the reference image data.

Abstract: An apparatus detects a motion vector using image data to be encoded, and a plurality of reference image data. The apparatus conducts a motion vector search for first reference image data using a large block obtained by dividing the image data to be encoded, and divides the large block into a smaller block size at the position of a smallest matching error. The apparatus determines a block size used in a motion vector search for another reference data based on matching errors in the small blocks.

Abstract: A motion vector generation apparatus which generates a motion vector utilized to execute motion-compensated encoding based on comparison between a block to be encoded in an image to be encoded and a reference block in a reference image. The apparatus sequentially selects a candidate from a plurality of motion vector candidates, sequentially calculates differences between pixel values of the block to be encoded and pixel values of the reference block corresponding to respective motion vector candidates, calculates, as an average difference, differences between an average pixel value obtained by averaging the pixel values of the block to be encoded and respective pixel values of the block to be encoded, decides a weighting coefficient based on a ratio between a minimum difference and the average difference, and calculates, for each selected motion vector candidate, an evaluation value for deciding a motion vector candidate having a minimum evaluation value.

Abstract: A motion vector detection apparatus comprising, a memory for storing a reference image for motion prediction encoding, a unit for detecting a first motion vector by comparing the reference image with an encoding target block of a plurality of blocks obtained by dividing a field image, a converter for converting the field image into a frame image by performing interlace/progressive conversion, a unit for generating a reduced image by reducing the frame image, a frame memory for storing the reduced image, and a unit for detecting a second motion vector based on a reference reduced image and a reduced image of the encoding target block of reduced images stored in the frame memory, wherein the second motion vector detected with respect to the reduced image of the encoding target block is used to determine a search area for detecting the first motion vector.

Abstract: The object is to provide a precured tread for a retreaded tire improving attachability to a base tire. In a strip-shaped precured tread 10 to be attached to a crown portion of a base tire 32 from which a tread has been removed, side tread rubbers 14 disposed in side regions CS on both sides of a central region CN are set to have JIS A hardness lower than that of a central tread rubber 12 disposed in the central region CN including a widthwise centerline C so as to improve attachability to a base tire.

Abstract: To provide a light emitting device and a light emitting module which can suppress deterioration caused by light emitted from a light emitting chip, even in the case of using a light emitting chip emitted light of which has a short wavelength and in which deterioration of emission brightness and the like does not easily occur even if used for a long period of time. The device is characterized by including a container (20) which is formed of a transparent inorganic material and has a recessed opening, a light emitting chip (1) which is disposed in the recessed opening of the container (20) with a glass bonding member (4) interposed therebetween and in which a first conduction type layer (11), a light emitting layer (12), and a second conduction layer (13) are formed on a substrate (10), and a lid (21) which is formed of a transparent inorganic material and blocks the recessed opening of the container.

Abstract: There is provided a pneumatic tire capable of reducing rolling resistance and suppressing river wear of uneven wear. A pneumatic tire according to the present invention comprises a tread portion provided with one or more circumferential grooves extending in parallel with a tire equator to define a plurality of land portions, wherein at least surface rubber of the tread portion has tan ? of not less than 0.02 and not more than 0.2, a wall angle of a widthwise outer wall of the circumferential groove is larger than a wall angle of a widthwise inner wall of the circumferential groove, a plurality of sipes extending in a direction across the tire equator are provided in the land portions, and a length of the sipe formed in an end portion of the land portion arranged adjacent to the circumferential groove in the widthwise outer side is longer than a length of the sipe formed in an end portion of the land portion arranged adjacent to the circumferential groove in the widthwise inner side.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a light emitting device and a light emitting module which can suppress deterioration caused by light emitted from a light emitting chip, even in the case of using a light emitting chip emitted light of which has a short wavelength and in which deterioration of emission brightness and the like does not easily occur even if used for a long period of time. [Means for Solving Problems] The device is characterized by including a container (20) which is formed of a transparent inorganic material and has a recessed opening, a light emitting chip (1) which is disposed in the recessed opening of the container (20) with a glass bonding member (4) interposed therebetween and in which a first conduction type layer (11), a light emitting layer (12), and a second conduction layer (13) are formed on a substrate (10), and a lid (21) which is formed of a transparent inorganic material and blocks the recessed opening of the container.