Abstract: An internal combustion engine control apparatus including a rotational speed sensor detecting a rotational speed of an internal combustion engine, an intake air amount sensor detecting an amount of an intake air supplied into a combustion chamber, a command detector detecting a command of a deceleration of a vehicle on which the internal combustion engine is mounted or a torque down of the internal combustion engine, and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform: determining whether a retard condition of an ignition timing is satisfied based on a value detected by the rotational speed sensor or the intake air amount sensor when the command is detected by the command detector, and controlling an ignition part so as to perform an ignition-timing retard control to delay the ignition timing of the ignition part when it is determined that the retard condition is satisfied.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an electric power storage device using an aqueous electrolytic solution that is safe even if the device is damaged while being used and the electrolytic solution leaks out from the battery housing. Specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery having both excellent safety and excellent cycle characteristics. The present invention is an aqueous secondary battery, wherein at least either of the positive electrode or the negative electrode comprises a compound (I) having a naphthalenediimide structure or a perylenediimide structure as an active material.

Abstract: A cylinder deactivation change apparatus including fuel supply parts supplying fuel into a first and second combustion chambers of a first and second cylinders, ignition parts igniting fuel-air mixture in the first and the second combustion chambers and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform determining whether changing the operation mode is necessary, and controlling the fuel supply parts and ignition parts so as to ignite at first ignition timing before it is determined that changing the operation mode to the first mode is necessary, and so as to ignite at second ignition timing retarded in comparison with the first ignition timing and so as to supply the fuel into the first combustion chamber in a manner that causes a stratified charge combustion in the first combustion chamber, when it is determined that changing the operation mode to the first mode is necessary.

Abstract: A preparation control for suppressing fluctuation of an output torque of the engine at the time of executing switching operation from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation is executed when having made a switching request from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation. The target switching time executing the switching operation is calculated in accordance with the valve operation phase after the preparation time is completed. The cylinder deactivation mechanism is controlled such that the switching operation is executed at the target switching time. The target switching time is set in accordance with the valve operation phase at the timing in which the abnormal noises are not generated.

Abstract: A preparation control for suppressing fluctuation of an output torque of the engine at the time of executing switching operation from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation is executed when having made a switching request from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation, the valve operation phase is fixed to a predetermined phase before executing the switching operation, and the cylinder deactivation mechanism is controlled so as to execute the switching operation at a target switching time which is prefixed by corresponding to the predetermined phase. The target switching time is previously set to a timing at which abnormal noises are not generated, by corresponding to the valve operation phase fixed to the predetermined phase.

Abstract: A cylinder deactivation change apparatus including fuel supply parts supplying fuel into a first and second combustion chambers of a first and second cylinders, ignition parts igniting fuel-air mixture in the first and the second combustion chambers and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform determining whether changing the operation mode is necessary, and controlling the fuel supply parts and ignition parts so as to ignite at first ignition timing before it is determined that changing the operation mode to the first mode is necessary, and so as to ignite at second ignition timing retarded in comparison with the first ignition timing and so as to supply the fuel into the first combustion chamber in a manner that causes a stratified charge combustion in the first combustion chamber, when it is determined that changing the operation mode to the first mode is necessary.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine is provided. In the case where a switch request for switching from all-cylinder operation to partial-cylinder operation is made, before a switch from the all-cylinder operation to the partial-cylinder operation is executed, an intake air amount increase control increasing an intake air flow rate of an engine by increasing an opening degree of a throttle valve is performed, an ignition timing retardation control retarding an ignition timing is performed, and based on a retardation limit value of the ignition timing at a time point when the switch request is made, a start timing of the intake air amount increase control is changed. As a retardable amount being a difference between an initial ignition timing and the retardation limit value decreases, the start timing of the intake air amount increase control is delayed further.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an electric power storage device using an aqueous electrolytic solution that is safe even if the device is damaged while being used and the electrolytic solution leaks out from the battery housing. Specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery having both excellent safety and excellent cycle characteristics. The present invention is an aqueous secondary battery, wherein at least either of the positive electrode or the negative electrode comprises a compound (I) having a naphthalenediimide structure or a perylenediimide structure as an active material.

Abstract: A preparation control for suppressing fluctuation of an output torque of the engine at the time of executing switching operation from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation is executed when having made a switching request from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation. The target switching time executing the switching operation is calculated in accordance with the valve operation phase after the preparation time is completed. The cylinder deactivation mechanism is controlled such that the switching operation is executed at the target switching time. The target switching time is set in accordance with the valve operation phase at the timing in which the abnormal noises are not generated.

Abstract: A preparation control for suppressing fluctuation of an output torque of the engine at the time of executing switching operation from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation is executed when having made a switching request from the whole cylinder operation to the partial cylinder operation, the valve operation phase is fixed to a predetermined phase before executing the switching operation, and the cylinder deactivation mechanism is controlled so as to execute the switching operation at a target switching time which is prefixed by corresponding to the predetermined phase. The target switching time is previously set to a timing at which abnormal noises are not generated, by corresponding to the valve operation phase fixed to the predetermined phase.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine is provided. In the case where a switch request for switching from all-cylinder operation to partial-cylinder operation is made, before a switch from the all-cylinder operation to the partial-cylinder operation is executed, an intake air amount increase control increasing an intake air flow rate of an engine by increasing an opening degree of a throttle valve is performed, an ignition timing retardation control retarding an ignition timing is performed, and based on a retardation limit value of the ignition timing at a time point when the switch request is made, a start timing of the intake air amount increase control is changed. As a retardable amount being a difference between an initial ignition timing and the retardation limit value decreases, the start timing of the intake air amount increase control is delayed further.

Abstract: An intake control system for an internal combustion engine is capable of ensuring a differential pressure across an EGR valve, and controlling an EGR amount with high accuracy. A target fresh air amount is set based on a demanded torque calculated according to operating conditions of the engine. A differential pressure across an EGR valve is set as a target differential pressure. When it is determined that the across-valve differential pressure is not in a state in which the target differential pressure can be ensured, an opening degree of the EGR valve is controlled to limit an EGR amount. An opening degree of a throttle valve is controlled based on the target fresh air amount, so as to ensure the target differential pressure.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a magnetic recording medium sequentially forms a magnetic recording layer, a protection layer, and a lubricant layer on a stacked body. The stacked body is enclosed in a transfer container unit without exposing the stacked body to atmosphere after forming the protection layer on the stacked body by a deposition apparatus, and the transfer container unit is transported to a vapor-phase lubrication deposition apparatus. The stacked body is removed from the transfer container unit without exposing the stacked body to the atmosphere, in order to form the lubricant layer on the stacked body within the vapor-phase lubrication deposition apparatus.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a magnetic recording medium sequentially forms a magnetic recording layer, a protection layer, and a lubricant layer on a stacked body. The stacked body is enclosed in a transfer container unit without exposing the stacked body to atmosphere after forming the protection layer on the stacked body by a deposition apparatus, and the transfer container unit is transported to a vapor-phase lubrication deposition apparatus. The stacked body is removed from the transfer container unit without exposing the stacked body to the atmosphere, in order to form the lubricant layer on the stacked body within the vapor-phase lubrication deposition apparatus.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine. A target intake air amount of the engine is calculated, and an intake pressure of the engine is estimated. A wide-open intake air amount is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. The wide-open intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, and the theoretical intake air amount is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine. further, an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the target intake air amount, and a target output torque of the engine is calculated using the target intake air amount and the exhaust gas recirculation ratio.