Abstract: Systems and techniques for enabling packet networks to carry time-sensitive data in an efficient manner are described. A packet traverses a packet network through the creation of a packet network tunnel. Each router can propose, and establish if possible, a detour tunnel around the failure without the knowledge or consent of a tunnel manager. Establishment and maintenance of packet network tunnels is also prioritized so any packet network tunnel authorized by the tunnel manager has precedence over any packet network tunnel initiated by a router without the authorization of the tunnel manager.

Abstract: Messaging service subscribers are automatically notified of newly arrived messages in their mailboxes when they initiate a transaction, such as a calling card (or credit card) call, or a withdrawal at an Automated Teller Machine (ATM). The mail arrival notification message is delivered to the subscriber as part of the validation process for the credit/debit or calling card number.