Abstract: A chlorinated fluoroaromatic compound having structural formula (I): where G is an oxygen or sulfur atom; each R1 is, independently, a fluoroalkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms; each R2 is, independently, (i) a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; or (ii) a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms and optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; a is 1-3; x is 1 or 2; y is 1-4; and z=6-a-x-y.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat transfer includes a device and a mechanism for transferring heat to or from the device. The mechanism includes a working fluid that includes a fluorinated aromatic compound having structural formula (I): where Q is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; G is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; each R1 is, independently, a fluoroalkenyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms and optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms; each R2 is, independently, (i) a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; or (ii) a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms and optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms; each R3 is, independently, a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; x is 1-3; a is 1-2; y is 1-5; when Q is a carbon atom, z=6-y-a; and when Q is a nitrogen atom, z=5-y-a.

Abstract: A circuit detects the type of a power supply driving an LED by analyzing a signal received from the power supply. The circuit controls a behavior of the LED, such as its reaction to a dimmer or to thermal conditions, based on the determined type.

Abstract: A thermal-management circuit detects a temperature of the LED, obtains a thermal operating range of the LED, and generates a control signal in response.

Abstract: A system and method of thermal management for an LED are provided. A method provided by the system includes (a) providing a forward drive current to power the LED, the forward drive current having a first LED operating current component; (b) detecting the first LED operating current component; (c) sensing a first thermal operating point of the LED; and (d) generating a temperature signal indicative of the first thermal operating point. The method also includes (e) determining a thermal operating range of the LED; (f) determining that the first thermal operating point of the LED is outside the thermal operating range of the LED; and (g) generating a first control setting configured to cause the LED to be driven at a second operating point, the second thermal operating point within the thermal operating range.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an illumination device includes a housing, a power connector for connecting the illumination device to a power socket and receiving input power, a light emitter for direct illumination disposed within the housing, a circuit for regulating the input power and providing the regulated power to the light emitter, and a decorative illumination element for providing decorative illumination.

Abstract: A system and method of thermal management for an LED are provided. A method provided by the system includes (a) providing a forward drive current to power the LED, the forward drive current having a first LED operating current component; (b) detecting the first LED operating current component; (c) sensing a first thermal operating point of the LED; and (d) generating a temperature signal indicative of the first thermal operating point. The method also includes (e) determining a thermal operating range of the LED; (f) determining that the first thermal operating point of the LED is outside the thermal operating range of the LED; and (g) generating a first control setting configured to cause the LED to be driven at a second operating point, the second thermal operating point within the thermal operating range.

Abstract: Thermally managing at least one light-emitting diode (LED) receiving an operating current and/or an operating voltage and being operable at an operating temperature includes determining a current thermal operating point of the LED, obtaining a thermal operating range of the LED, and calculating a new operating point of the LED based on the current thermal operating point and the thermal operating range, wherein the new operating point is within the thermal operating range. A control signal is generated that adjusts power delivered to the LED to cause the LED to operate at the new operating point. Detection of the operating temperature of the LED may be based on the magnitude of a current pulse superimposed on the operating current provided to the LED and the magnitude of the voltage pulse across the LED resulting from the applied current pulse superimposed on the operating current.

Abstract: Thermally managing at least one light-emitting diode (LED) receiving an operating current and/or an operating voltage and being operable at an operating temperature includes determining a current thermal operating point of the LED, obtaining a thermal operating range of the LED, and calculating a new operating point of the LED based on the current thermal operating point and the thermal operating range, wherein the new operating point is within the thermal operating range. A control signal is generated that adjusts power delivered to the LED to cause the LED to operate at the new operating point. Detection of the operating temperature of the LED may be based on the magnitude of a current pulse superimposed on the operating current provided to the LED and the magnitude of the voltage pulse across the LED resulting from the applied current pulse superimposed on the operating current.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for providing a light emitting diode and driving circuitry integrated into a component module that will retrofit common incandescent lightbulb applications. The disclosed embodiments will perform with high efficiency at a wide operating voltage range with a very small size allowing for the incorporation within the envelope and form of existing lightbulb bases. Therefore, a single universal LED light bulb module can be used to replace the dozens of conventional LED and incandescent lights currently being used. The electronic circuitries used to drive the LEDs are extremely compact and consequently can be incorporated in nearly any standard bulb base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for providing a light emitting diode and driving circuitry integrated into a component module that will retrofit common incandescent lightbulb applications. The disclosed embodiments will perform with high efficiency at a wide operating voltage range with a very small size allowing for the incorporation within the envelope and form of existing lightbulb bases. Therefore, a single universal LED light bulb module can be used to replace the dozens of conventional LED and incandescent lights currently being used. The electronic circuitries used to drive the LEDs are extremely compact and consequently can be incorporated in nearly any standard bulb base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for providing a light emitting diode and driving circuitry integrated into a component module that will retrofit common incandescent lightbulb applications. The disclosed embodiments will perform with high efficiency at a wide operating voltage range with a very small size allowing for the incorporation within the envelope and form of existing lightbulb bases. Therefore, a single universal LED light bulb module can be used to replace the dozens of conventional LED and incandescent lights currently being used. The electronic circuitries used to drive the LEDs are extremely compact and consequently can be incorporated in nearly any standard bulb base.

Abstract: In various embodiments, direct illumination is provided from a primary light emitter and decorative illumination is provided from a secondary light emitter illuminating a shade.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an illumination device includes a housing, a power connector for connecting the illumination device to a power socket and receiving input power, a light emitter for direct illumination disposed within the housing, a circuit for regulating the input power and providing the regulated power to the light emitter, and a decorative illumination element for providing decorative illumination.

Abstract: In various embodiments, direct illumination is provided from a primary light emitter and decorative illumination is provided from a secondary light emitter illuminating a shade.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an illumination device includes a primary light emitter for providing direct illumination and a secondary light emitter for illuminating a shade, thereby providing decorative illumination.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for providing a light emitting diode and driving circuitry integrated into a component module that will retrofit common incandescent lightbulb applications. The disclosed embodiments will perform with high efficiency at a wide operating voltage range with a very small size allowing for the incorporation within the envelope and form of existing lightbulb bases. Therefore, a single universal LED light bulb module can be used to replace the dozens of conventional LED and incandescent lights currently being used. The electronic circuitries used to drive the LEDs are extremely compact and consequently can be incorporated in nearly any standard bulb base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for providing a light emitting diode and driving circuitry integrated into a component module that will retrofit common incandescent lightbulb applications. The disclosed embodiments will perform with high efficiency at a wide operating voltage range with a very small size allowing for the incorporation within the envelope and form of existing lightbulb bases. Therefore, a single universal LED light bulb module can be used to replace the dozens of conventional LED and incandescent lights currently being used. The electronic circuitries used to drive the LEDs are extremely compact and consequently can be incorporated in nearly any standard bulb base.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an illumination device includes a housing, a power connector for connecting the illumination device to a power socket and receiving input power, a light emitter for direct illumination disposed within the housing, a circuit for regulating the input power and providing the regulated power to the light emitter, and a decorative illumination element for providing decorative illumination.

Abstract: In various embodiments, direct illumination is provided from a primary light emitter and decorative illumination is provided from a secondary light emitter illuminating a shade.