Abstract: A visualization method for processing heterogeneous data sets. A set of display nodes is generated on a user display that corresponds to groupings of data elements from a set of data. As various display nodes are selected, specific searching criteria corresponding to a selected display node is applied to the set of data. The data nodes on the user display are dynamically updated to reflect the processing of the additional criteria.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a unique interactive system and method that facilitate single-handed navigation and interaction with applications within a display space on any type of mobile computing device. The system and method include or employ scalable application tiles corresponding to applications, whereby the application tiles can provide or indicate the current state of the corresponding application. The state information provided in each tile can vary as well depending on the current size of the tile. The tiles can be arranged into a plurality of zones such that a user can view one particular zone at a time and obtain more context and information from the application tiles in that zone rather than working with all tiles and all zones at the same time. The view of the display space can be of the world or all application tiles, zone, or application. Panning and zooming among the zones, application tiles and/or views can be performed single-handedly using designated on or off screen controls.

Abstract: A user interface for facilitating a decision making process, such as planning a trip. A unified view of various types of information related to an event may be provided. The unified view may be presented in a simulated three-dimensional environment having different types of information depicted on different windows. Different types of information related to a common event may be visually linked. A window showing a articular type of information may be brought into a focus view for closer inspection by a user. Alternative decisions may be depicted to permit vagueness or uncertainty, particularly at early iterations in the decision making process.

Abstract: An LED spectrophtometer device for determining an aspect of the color of an object may include: a visible spectrophotometer comprising a plurality of light emitting diodes that emit light in the visible spectrum onto the object; at least one detector for detecting said light after being directed onto the object and for generating an output; and a UV light emitting diode assembly that emits light in the near ultraviolet spectrum and communicates with at least one detector for generating an output. The device may further include a processor that combines the outputs of the at least one detector of the visible spectrophotometer and the at least one detector in communication with the UV light emitting diode assembly.

Abstract: A location history is a collection of locations over time for an object. A stay is a single instance of an object spending some time in one place, and a destination is any place where one or more objects have experienced a stay. Location histories are parsed using stays and destinations. In a described implementation, each location of a location history is recorded as a spatial position and a corresponding time at which the spatial position is acquired. Stays are extracted from a location history by analyzing locations thereof with regard to a temporal threshold and a spatial threshold. Specifically, two or more locations are considered a stay if they exceed a minimum stay duration and are within a maximum roaming distance. Each stay includes a location, a starting time, and an ending time. Destinations are produced from the extracted stays using a clustering operation and a predetermined scaling factor.

Abstract: An interactive display table has a display surface for displaying images and upon or adjacent to which various objects, including a user's hand(s) and finger(s) can be detected. A video camera within the interactive display table responds to infrared (IR) light reflected from the objects to detect any connected components. Connected component correspond to portions of the object(s) that are either in contact, or proximate the display surface. Using these connected components, the interactive display table senses and infers natural hand or finger positions, or movement of an object, to detect gestures. Specific gestures are used to execute applications, carryout functions in an application, create a virtual object, or do other interactions, each of which is associated with a different gesture. A gesture can be a static pose, or a more complex configuration, and/or movement made with one or both hands or other objects.

Abstract: Input is provided to an application using a plurality of physical objects disposed adjacent to an interactive display surface. A primary location is determined where a primary physical object, e.g., a finger or thumb of the user, is positioned adjacent to the interactive display surface. An additional location is determined where an additional physical object is positioned adjacent to the interactive display surface. The attribute might be a size of an image or selected portion of the image that will be retained after cropping. A change in position of at least one of the objects is detected, and the attribute is adjusted based on the change in position of one or both objects. A range of selectable options of the application can also be display by touching the interactive display surface with one's fingers or other objects, and one of the options can be selected with another object.

Abstract: The present invention provides a unique system and method that facilitates navigating smoothly and gracefully through any type of content viewable on portable devices. Such navigation can be performed while preserving perspective and context with respect to a larger amount of content. The navigation can be key-based such that one or more keys of a keypad can be employed to browse through, zoom in, and/or zoom out of content. In one aspect, the content can be segmented into any number of sub-sectors or segments such that each segment can correspond to a particular number key, whereby particular portions of content can be viewed in greater or less detail by pressing or tapping on the corresponding number key. Furthermore, when viewing a first portion of content, nearby content can be glanced at by pressing and holding the respective key. When the key is released, the view returns to the first portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a unique system and method that facilitates navigating smoothly and gracefully through any type of content viewable on portable devices such as cell-phones, PDAs, and/or any other hybrids thereof. In addition, such navigation can be performed while preserving perspective and context with respect to a larger amount of content. Pointing devices can also be used to navigate through content—the amount or detail of the content being dependant on the speed of the pointing device. Additionally, a semi-transparent overview of content can be overlaid a zoomed-in portion of content to provide perspective to the zoomed in portion. Content shown in the semi-transparent overview can depend on the location of the pointing device with respect to the content.

Abstract: A surgical instrument for use during a spinal surgery procedure. The surgical instrument being configured to distract two adjacent vertebral elements as retract the nerve root to provide access to the distracted site. The instrument including an elongated blade member having a wing located on an edge of the blade member, and a handle.

Abstract: An interactive visualization of stored data includes a representation of a three-dimensional generally helical path extending between spaced apart ends of the path. Selected parts of the stored data are mapped to corresponding parts of the helical path to facilitate visualization of the stored data. The stored data may include an unbounded dimension (e.g., time) that is mapped along the helical path. One or more user interface elements may be associated with the helical path to effect display of additional information associated with a selected part of the path.

Abstract: Systems and methods for displaying and managing data in hierarchies and polyarchies of information are described. In one aspect, an object having first and second intersecting hierarchies is specified. The object is illustrated with respect to the first hierarchy. A second intersecting hierarchy selection option is presented to a user to illustrate the object with respect to the second intersecting hierarchy in response to user selection.

Abstract: An interactive visualization of stored data includes a representation of a three-dimensional generally helical path extending between spaced apart ends of the path. Selected parts of the stored data are mapped to corresponding parts of the helical path to facilitate visualization of the stored data. The stored data may include an unbounded dimension (e.g., time) that is mapped along the helical path. One or more user interface elements may be associated with the helical path to effect display of additional information associated with a selected part of the path.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three-dimensional user interface for a computer system that allows a user to combine and store a group of windows as a task. The image of each task can be positioned within a three-dimensional environment such that the user may utilize spatial memory in order remember where a particular task is located. In further embodiments of the invention, the three-dimensional environment includes a stage, which is used to display the task with the current focus. When a user selects a new task in the gallery, the task is moved to the stage and given focus. If a previous task was on the stage, an image of the previous task is captured. This image is then moved into the task gallery away from the stage. This process allows users to switch between multiple window configurations with a simple action.

Abstract: An improved and lower cost color spectrophotometer, especially suitable for an on-line color printer color control system, in which plural different spectra LEDs sequentially perpendicularly illuminate a common and substantially circularly illuminated color test area, which may be variably spaced and variably oriented relative to the spectrophotometer, through a common central lens system, and also the reflected illumination therefrom may be measured at 45 degrees thereto by averaging the outputs of photodetectors spaced around that circularly illuminated color test area, to provide reduced sensitivity to the variable angular or azimuthal orientation of the color test area relative to the spectrophotometer, and which photodetectors may be so illuminated by 1:1 optics for spatial insensitivity.

Abstract: A sheet curl measurement system and method and an automatic sheet decurling system controlled thereby for the printed paper sheets output of printer. The sheet curl may be remotely sensed without contacting or interfering with the motion of the sheets in their normal sheet path, using a simple but accurate optical sheet curl sensor operating on a portion of the moving sheet at an angle thereto and perpendicularly thereto, with displacement insensitive optics, in both an angular direction substantially parallel to the sheet movement direction and an angular direction substantially transverse to the sheet movement direction, with ratioing of the two output signals.

Abstract: An improved and lower cost color spectrophotometer, especially suitable for an on-line color printer color control system, in which plural different spectra LEDs sequentially perpendicularly illuminate a common and substantially circularly illuminated color test area, which may be variably spaced and variably oriented relative to the spectrophotometer, through a common central lens system, and also the reflected illumination therefrom may be measured at 45 degrees thereto by averaging the outputs of photodetectors spaced around that circularly illuminated color test area, to provide reduced sensitivity to the variable angular or azimuthal orientation of the color test area relative to the spectrophotometer, and which photodetectors may be so illuminated by 1:1 optics for spatial insensitivity.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring the color of irregular surface materials, including textiles which may provide dissimilar color measurements from different viewing angles, by illuminating a sampling area of the irregular surface material approximately perpendicularly thereto and measuring the color reflected from that area at a substantial angle, preferably about 45 degrees, with a plurality of separate photodetectors arrayed circularly around the illuminated sampling area of irregular surface material to receive the reflected illumination from substantially opposing directions and at a substantial angle to the illuminated area, for providing a more accurate yet lower cost color measurement system for textiles that can be used easily, quickly, and uncritically in terms of the handling, positioning and orientation of the textile material being tested.

Abstract: An improved and lower cost color spectrophotometer, especially suitable for an on-line color printer color control system, in which plural different spectra LEDs sequentially perpendicularly illuminate a common and substantially circularly illuminated color test area, which may be variably spaced and variably oriented relative to the spectrophotometer, through a common central lens system, and also the reflected illumination therefrom may be measured at 45 degrees thereto by averaging the outputs of photodetectors spaced around that circularly illuminated color test area, to provide reduced sensitivity to the variable angular or azimuthal orientation of the color test area relative to the spectrophotometer, and which photodetectors may be so illuminated by 1:1 optics for spatial insensitivity.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring the color of irregular surface materials, including textiles which may provide dissimilar color measurements from different viewing angles, by illuminating a sampling area of the irregular surface material approximately perpendicularly thereto and measuring the color reflected from that area at a substantial angle, preferably about 45 degrees, with a plurality of separate photodetectors arrayed circularly around the illuminated sampling area of irregular surface material to receive the reflected illumination from substantially opposing directions and at a substantial angle to the illuminated area, for providing a more accurate yet lower cost color measurement system for textiles that can be used easily, quickly, and uncritically in terms of the handling, positioning and orientation of the textile material being tested.