Abstract: A method for the acquisition of images by means of confocal microscopy in which a new image is calculated which is constituted by the "maxima" among the corresponding elements of each captured image. The new image contains mainly the signal coming from the most luminous and in focus areas and even the signal coming from the less luminous areas, as being out of focus or laterally displaced with respect to the grid positions. A further image is then calculated which is constituted by the "minima" among the corresponding elements of each captured image and the requested confocal image is then obtained by calculating the difference between the "maxima" image and the "minima" image.

Abstract: A device for separating a signal from noise and background contribution, particularly for computerized electrochemical instruments. It comprises an experimental data manipulator circuit; an ordering processor connected to the manipulator and arranged to provide the manipulator with the rules for the correct formatting of the experimental data, on the basis of selective operative modes; a command sequencer circuit, which governs the operation of the device on the basis of the values of the characteristic parameters for each mode; an interpolator circuit which execute the selective operative modes and recalculates each formatted data item using algorithms based on interpolation polynominals calculated by the Newton divided differences formula and the Aitken scheme for accelerating the calculation.

Abstract: An actuating device comprising injectors connected with chambers for liquids to be mixed and with analyzer members by means of switchable shut-off members. Movable assemblies of the injectors are kinematically connected with a common keeper acted upon by one or two electromagnets. The device is equipped with means to modify the displacement speed of the keeper and hence the liquid mixing speed, by the use of a special electronic control circuit that energizes the electromagnet or magnets at varying speeds.

Abstract: A double pump device for mixing with variable ratios and concentrations two or more liquids, comprising in combination: a first peristaltic pump, and a second peristaltic pump, each of said pumps acting on a plurality of collapsible tubes, said pumps being operated by two electric motors, interdependant and preferably identical to each other, driven by an electronic circuit comprising as main elements a differential amplifier and circuitry means for adjusting the input voltage of the differential amplifier and for amplifying the output signals from the differential amplifier before their application to the two driving motors.