Abstract: Compounds are provided that are useful as immunomodulators. The compounds have the Formula I including stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R2a, R2b, R3, R3a, R4, R6, R7, R8, A, Z, X1 and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The methods for sample preparation disclosed herein utilize an air phase to reduce aqueous phase associated with magnetic particles bound to nucleic acids to decrease carryover of one or more contaminants, such as, cell debris, chaotropic agents, non-specifically attached molecules, and the like. This air-transfer step is improved by using a combination of a first population of magnetic particles and a second population of magnetic particles, where the first population of magnetic particles is capable of associating with nucleic acids, and the magnetic particles in the second population are at least two-times larger in size than the size of the magnetic particles in the first population. As discussed herein, the use of this second population of magnetic particles improves the transfer of the first population of magnetic particles by reducing loss of the first magnetic particles during the transfer. The sample preparation methods may be semi-automated or completely automated.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and products for detecting analytes in a sample. The analytes may be rare analytes such as biomarkers in a biological sample. These methods make use of nucleic acid nanoswitches that adopt a particular conformation and have a particular length in the presence of an analyte.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a sample using a centrifuge and optical components is disclosed. The centrifuge may be a standard benchtop centrifuge. The optical components may be sized and dimensioned to fit, along with the sample, inside the centrifuge.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and products for detecting analytes in a sample. The analytes may be rare analytes such as biomarkers in a biological sample. These methods make use of nucleic acid nanoswitches that adopt a particular conformation and have a particular length in the presence of an analyte.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a sample using a centrifuge and optical components is disclosed. The centrifuge may be a standard benchtop centrifuge. The optical components may be sized and dimensioned to fit, along with the sample, inside the centrifuge.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a sample using a centrifuge and optical components is disclosed. The centrifuge may be a standard benchtop centrifuge. The optical components may be sized and dimensioned to fit, along with the sample, inside the centrifuge.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and products for detecting analytes in a sample. The analytes may be rare analytes such as biomarkers in a biological sample. These methods make use of nucleic acid nanoswitches that adopt a particular conformation and have a particular length in the presence of an analyte.

Abstract: Provided herein, inter alia, are improved methods for detecting analytes, including proteins and nucleic acids. In some instances, the analytes are detected in complex matrices such as serum.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods for generating functionalized nanoswitches, as well as the functionalized nanoswitches themselves, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a sample using a centrifuge and optical components is disclosed. The centrifuge may be a standard benchtop centrifuge. The optical components may be sized and dimensioned to fit, along with the sample, inside the centrifuge.

Abstract: Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods of high-throughput screening of small molecules and related compositions and articles of manufacture.