Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measurement and monitoring of analytes, for example ketones, particularly but not exclusively acetone in human or other mammalian breath. The invention also relates to apparatus for use in performance of the method. The present invention uses a spectroscopic technique known as CELIF which is a direct combination of the well-established and powerful laser-spectroscopic techniques cavity ring-down spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence. The method utilises a flow body to control a flow of sample gas through a laser beam.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for quantifying an analyte in a gas or liquid phase. A light source with an emission spectrum overlapping an absorption of the analyte, and a pair of reflective mirrors located on an optical axis to form an optical cavity can be included. An off-axis photon detector can be configured as a fluorescence detector and located off the cavity axis and arranged to provide a first signal in response to fluorescence within the cavity. An axial photon detector can be located axially, and external, to the cavity and arranged to provide a second signal. The portion of the apparatus including the light source, the cavity, and the axial photon detector can be configured with a cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer, and the portion of the apparatus including the off-axis photon detector can be configured with a cavity-enhanced laser-induced fluorescence (CELIF) spectrophotometer.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for quantifying an analyte in a gas or liquid phase. A light source with an emission spectrum overlapping an absorption of the analyte, and a pair of reflective mirrors located on an optical axis to form an optical cavity can be included. An off-axis photon detector can be configured as a fluorescence detector and located off the cavity axis and arranged to provide a first signal in response to fluorescence within the cavity. An axial photon detector can be located axially, and external, to the cavity and arranged to provide a second signal. The portion of the apparatus including the light source, the cavity, and the axial photon detector can be configured with a cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer, and the portion of the apparatus including the off-axis photon detector can be configured with a cavity-enhanced laser-induced fluorescence (CELIF) spectrophotometer.

Abstract: A lumber edger and method of edging lumber using a positioning system having a plurality fetcher fingers driven by a non-hydraulic drive.

Abstract: A lumber edger and method of edging lumber using a positioning system having a plurality fetcher fingers driven by a non-hydraulic drive.

Abstract: A method of producing a kitting foam, a kitting foam produced by such a method and a system for performing such a method is provided. Once a 2.5-dimensional computer model has been created using a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) package in computer 40 using a photograph and depth information, the model is input to a Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) package being stored and ran on a second computer 42 which may be part of, or may be configured to communicate with, an automated cutting machine 44. The CAM package derives the most efficient cutter path for cutting out a pocket in a kitting foam blank in accordance with the 2.5-dimensional computer model. The pocket has a varying depth profile conforming to the varying depth profile of the three dimensional shape of the computer model.