Abstract: A structured paper release liner (10) for use with an article (44) backed with a pressure sensitive adhesive, an adhesive-backed article assembly (42) and methods of making each are disclosed. The liner (10) comprises a piece of paper (14) having a release side free of a structural support layer, a back side, and a structured release surface (48) having a pattern formed into the paper (14) on the release side. A release material is on the structured release surface of the paper. The pattern formed in the paper (14) is designed so as to form fluid egress channels in a bonding surface of the pressure sensitive adhesive (46). The fluid egress channels define a structured bonding surface (48) having exit pathways for fluid to bleed out from behind the article when the structured bonding surface (48) is adhered to or otherwise disposed on a substrate.

Abstract: A rotary atomizing applicator includes a shaping air system having first orifices discharging air against the outer surface of the bell cup, with the air following the bell cup and being released from the bell cup at the forward edge of the bell cup. A terminal portion of the outer surface of the bell cup directs the flow of air to shape the pattern of coating released from the bell cup. A second pattern of air is directed from outwardly and behind the bell cup inwardly toward the forward edge of the bell cup.

Abstract: A distribution device is provided for distributing high magnitude electrical potential from an input port of the distribution device to a plurality of output ports thereof. The distribution device includes a first portion and a second portion adapted for engagement. At least one of the first and second portions includes cooperating couplers providing electrical continuity between the distribution device input port and the plurality of distribution device output ports. The distribution device can be incorporated into a high magnitude potential supply system including a high magnitude potential supply having an output port at which a high magnitude potential is provided. The system further includes utilization devices. The output port of the high magnitude potential supply is coupled to the distribution device input port. Respective output ports of the distribution device are coupled to respective utilization devices.

Abstract: A dispenser includes an opening through which coating material is dispensed, a coupling for coupling the opening to a source of coating material to be dispensed, and a shroud for enclosing at least a portion of the dispenser. The shroud includes two portions which engage each other at first and second joints which extend generally longitudinally of the shroud.

Abstract: A rotary atomizing applicator is provided with passages directing ambient air to an area of low-pressure created behind a rotary atomizer of the applicator. The passages have ambient air openings thereto remote from the rotary atomizer. When a low-pressure area is created by the pumping effect from the rotary atomizer, ambient air is drawn through the passages to reduce the low-pressure area.

Abstract: A cleaning system is provided for a rotary atomizing applicator. An axial passage from an air turbine into the bell cup of the atomizer is provided with formations to improve the transport of cleaning fluid into the bell cup. An orifice directs a fan-shaped spray of cleaning fluid at the outer surface of the bell cup. The inner and outer surfaces of the bell cup are cleaned while the bell cup is rotating.

Abstract: An electrically powered water heater includes a plurality of heating elements for substantially instantaneous heating of fluid passing through the heater. A controller for powering the plurality of heating elements is responsive to a temperature sensor in fluid communication with the heated fluid. The temperature sensor activates each of the plurality of heating elements for a predetermined period of time that is preferably no more than 32 half cycles. The controller activates a second heating element after a delay of preferably no more than 8 half cycles after activating a first heating element. The predetermined period of time for activating each of the plurality of heating elements may be substantially equal, such that each heating element contributes substantially equally to the heating of fluid. In one embodiment, the heater housing is provided with a plurality of chambers, and a heating element is provided within each of the plurality of chambers.

Abstract: An electrically powered water heater includes a plurality of heating elements for substantially instantaneous heating of fluid passing through the heater. A controller for powering the plurality of heating elements is responsive to a temperature sensor in fluid communication with the heated fluid. The temperature sensor activates each of the plurality of heating elements for a predetermined period of time that is preferably no more than 32 half cycles. The controller activates a second heating element after a delay of preferably no more than 8 half cycles after activating a first heating element. The predetermined period of time for activating each of the plurality of heating elements may be substantially equal, such that each heating element contributes substantially equally to the heating of fluid. In one embodiment, the heater housing is provided with a plurality of chambers, and a heating element is provided within each of the plurality of chambers.

Abstract: A continuous, counter current freeze concentration system and method for concentrating aqueous solutions such as fruit juices, coffee and cold water soluble tea extracts, milk, beer, wine, vinegar, and the like in which the aqueous liquid is passed through one or more concentrating stages, each of which include a crystallizer associated with a gradient column, to crystallize ice in each of the stages and increase the concentration of the liquid, and the ice formed in each stage is passed in reverse direction through the stages. Ice crystals are separated and removed from the system in a wash column associated with the first stage, and concentrated liquid is removed as product from the last stage.