Abstract: A shaft seal having a lip of an elastomeric sealing ring formed with a frusto-conical band around the shaft and has an annular non-constant clearance around the shaft and wherein upon shaft rotation liquid pulsation in said clearance causes oscillation of the band which in turn causes displacement pumping towards the oil side of the shaft.

Abstract: A face seal has a sealing ring (7) with a frusto-conical margin (12) diverging from the plane of the contact band (8), so as to define a sealing region (13) which enlarges toward the sealed side "S," and a peripheral shoulder (14) which has a non-constant axial clearance from the counter-face to produce liquid pulsation which slightly reciprocates the sealing ring to effect, by displacement pumping, positive action toward the sealed side.

Abstract: A shaft seal consists of a one-piece rigid plastics moulded ring with a thick holding portion and a thin sealing head having a flexing leg and a sealing bush to make an interference fit and fine running clearance seal against an opposed cylindrical surface.

Abstract: A rotary fluid seal having a flexible sealing ring which floats between relatively rotatable counterface members and has contact faces which bear on the counterfaces under the influence of centrifugal force, such as forms the subject of U.S. Pat. No. 4,348,031, is provided with a rigid spring-retaining ring which permits but limits centrifugal expansion of a spring loading the contact faces against the counterfaces.

Abstract: A face seal, such as for a water pump in the cooling system of an internal combustion engine, comprises a rigid sealing ring carried by the free end of a moulded elastomeric sleeve on a mounting cup, the sleeve having at about its mid-length a circumferential flexible junction, defined by a surrounding groove with a contractile spring seated therein, and the sleeve being geometrically equivalent to an axially opposed pair of frusto-conical parts forming a toggle system which, under the pressure of sealed fluid, exerts a balancing axial bearing load on the sealing ring.

Abstract: A rotary fluid seal, especially an oil seal for a rotary shaft, comprises a sealing ring between axially-opposed divergent frusto-conical counterfaces of relatively rotatable members, preferably casing rings in a self-contained seal unit, the sealing ring having a pair of divergent sealing lips presenting frusto-conical contact faces to the counterfaces and being substantially coaxial with but floating freely between the relatively rotatable members, the contact faces bearing frictionally on the counterfaces so that, on relative rotation of the members, the sealing ring is frictionally driven into rotation by one or other of the members and the effect of centrifugal force, tending to cause the sealing lips to flex angularly outwardly, reduces the bearing load of the contact faces on the counterfaces.