Abstract: A biocidal composition is disclosed comprising composite particles, each of said composite particles containing a shell and a core, said core comprising a metal or a metal-containing compound wherein the metal is a moiety selected from the group consisting of zinc, copper, bismuth, silver, zirconium, and combinations thereof said shell comprising a pyrithione adduct comprising the reaction product of pyrithione with a portion of said core metal or metal compound. In one aspect, an anti-fouling composition is disclosed comprising (a) an anti-soft-fouling effective amount of copper pyrithione; and (b) an anti-hard-fouling effective amount of a copper-containing salt, or oxide or hydroxide thereof. The present invention also relates to a method of making an anti-fouling composition comprising particles of copper pyrithione and a copper-containing salt that is effective against hard-fouling and soft-fouling organisms.

Abstract: A biocidal composition is disclosed comprising composite particles, each of the composite particles containing a shell and a core, the core comprising a metal or a metal-containing compound wherein the metal is a moiety selected from the group consisting of zinc, copper, bismuth, silver, zirconium, and combinations thereof, the shell comprising a pyrithione adduct comprising the reaction product of pyrithione with a portion of the core metal or metal compound. In one aspect, an anti-fouling composition is disclosed comprising (a) an anti-soft-fouling effective amount of copper pyrithione; and (b) an anti-hard-fouling effective amount of a copper-containing salt, or oxide or hydroxide thereof. The present invention also relates to a method of making an antifouling composition comprising particles of copper pyrithione and a copper-containing salt that is effective against hard-fouling and soft-fouling organisms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for delivering excess zinc to eukaryotic cells to inhibit the metabolism of the cell, the method comprising treating the cells with a zinc ionophoric that is capable of delivering a zinc ion across a cellular membrane wherein the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the zinc ionophoric material is less than about 500 ppm. Further disclosed is a method for delivering excess zinc to eukaryotic cells to inhibit the metabolism of the cell, the method comprising treating the cells with a zinc ionophoric material that is capable of delivering a zinc ion across a cellular membrane wherein the zinc ionophoric material is in combination with a zinc containing material and further wherein there is an increase in an intracellular zinc level by 1.5 fold more than would occur in the absence of the zinc ionophoric material.

Abstract: A biocidal composition is disclosed comprising composite particles, each of said composite particles containing a shell and a core, said core comprising a metal or a metal-containing compound wherein the metal is a moiety selected from the group consisting of zinc, copper, bismuth, silver, zirconium, and combinations thereof said shell comprising a pyrithione adduct comprising the reaction product of pyrithione with a portion of said core metal or metal compound. In one aspect, an anti-fouling composition is disclosed comprising (a) an anti-soft-fouling effective amount of copper pyrithione; and (b) an anti-hard-fouling effective amount of a copper-containing salt, or oxide or hydroxide thereof. The present invention also relates to a method of making an anti-fouling composition comprising particles of copper pyrithione and a copper-containing salt that is effective against hard-fouling and soft-fouling organisms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the catalytic decomposition of HAN-based monopropellants using a platinum group or transition metal group catalyst that is preferably a supported metal catalyst and/or wire mesh/expanded metal mesh catalyst for the purpose of generating hot gases. These gases are suitably employed for driving a turbine, vane or piston motor, for rocket propulsion or as a convenient and environmentally acceptable means of disposal of surplus propellants or other waste products containing HAN. The HAN-based propellants have low or substantially no volatility and are safer to use than other monopropellants currently used for rocket propulsion or shaft horsepower auxiliary power units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2,6-dichloropyridine which comprises reacting an organic solvent-free, catalyst-free reaction mixture comprising 2-chloropyridine and chlorine in the presence of a hydrogen chloride scavenger and ultraviolet light, and optionally in the presence of added moisture, at a temperature of between about 90.degree. C. and about 185.degree. C. Also claimed is a method for preventing calcium chloride plugging of the chlorine feed stream and for preventing calcium chloride build-up in the above reaction mixture which comprises adding moisture in the form of water or steam, or a combination thereof, to the reaction mixture prior to, or during, the reaction of said process.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to paint and paint base and, more specifically, to a process and composition for providing a stable gel-free dispersion of zinc pyrithione plus cuprous oxide in paint. In accordance with the process of the present invention, the paint or paint base contains a carboxylic acid in order to impart desired gelation inhibition to the paint.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for imparting anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties to a polyurethane foam. Dissolving the pyrithione salt in an alkanolamine which is miscible with a polyol, makes this dissolved pyrithione an ideal candidate for use as a antimicrobial additive in this application. Prior use of pyrithiones in polyurethanes entailed using the powder form of zinc pyrithione. This was a dusty process as well as being difficult to disperse the pyrithione uniformly throughout the polyurethane foam. This invention overcomes both of these difficulties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for making an alkali metal azide or an alkaline earth metal azide which comprises the steps of: (a) reacting a first reaction mixture comprising an alkali metal nitrite or alkaline earth metal nitrite, a C1--C3 alkanol, and a high boiling acid in a first reactor to form a gaseous C1-C3 alkyl nitrite, (b) controllably feeding said gaseous C1-C3 alkyl nitrite into a second reactor and reacting in a controlled manner a second reaction mixture comprising said gaseous C1-C3 alkyl nitrite, hydrazine, and an alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, in the presence of an organic solvent, thereby producing an alkali metal azide or alkaline earth metal azide, and (c) removing said alkali metal azide or alkaline earth metal azide from said second reactor and replenishing said reaction mixture in said second reactor to provide a continuous, controlled process for producing said alkali metal azide or alkaline earth metal azide.

Abstract: A package and process of assembling a package adapted for housing an electronic component. The package includes metallic base, lid and leadframe components sealed together with a thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic has an additive consisting essentially of a metal deactivator and a primary antioxidant grafted thereto without cross linking so as to maintain the thermoplastic properties.

Abstract: Described are selected siloxane adducts of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate having the formula: ##STR1## wherein each R and R' is individually selected from lower alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and lower alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and the sum of m, n, and p is from 0 to about 20; with the proviso that each R' is a lower alkoxy group when the sum of m, n, and p is 0. These siloxane adducts are also described as good functional fluids, particularly as lubricants and lubricant additives.

Abstract: Described are selected siloxane adducts of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate having the formula: ##STR1## wherein each R and R' is individually selected from lower alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and lower alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and the sum of m, n, and p is from 0 to about 20; with the proviso that each R' is a lower alkoxy group when the sum of m, n, and p is 0. These siloxane adducts are also described as good functional fluids, particularly as lubricants and lubricant additives.

Abstract: Novel grease compositions are described which comprise:(a) A major amount of a shielded polysilicate compound selected from the group consisting of alkoxysilane cluster compounds, alkoxysilanol cluster compounds, alkoxysilane ester compounds, alkoxysilane multiple cluster compounds, silicone-bridged alkoxysilane double cluster compounds, distillation residues containing these compounds and mixtures thereof; and(b) an amount of at least one grease thickener sufficient to thicken said shielded polysilicate compound to a grease consistency.

Abstract: Novel tris-(polyalkoxyalkylated) isocyanurate compounds are described having the formula: ##STR1## wherein x is an integer from 2-10; Y is either a hydrogen or methyl group; and R is an alkyl group having from 1-4 carbon atoms. The use of these isocyanurate compounds as functional fluids, including hydraulic-type and heat transfer-type fluids, is also described. Such functional fluids have superior fire resistance properties.

Abstract: Novel compositions are described comprising silicone oils and silicate cluster compounds. The addition of the cluster compounds serves to enhance the silicone oils and accommodate the solubilizing of various additive materials that otherwise are not compatible with the silicones.

Abstract: Novel surface active agents are disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group; each R' is independently selected from the same group as R with the proviso that at least a majority of R' radicals attached to each Si atom are sterically hindered alkyl groups having at least 3 carbon atoms; each R''' independently is selected from hydrogen or methyl; and n is an integer of from about 10 to about 75.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of 2,4-di(lower alkyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazolidin-3,5-diones as ashless load-carrying additives for functional fluids. These thiadiazolidin-3,5-diones have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Novel surface active agents are disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group; each R' is independently selected from the same group as R with the proviso that at least a majority of R' radicals attached to each Si atom are sterically hindered alkyl groups having at least 3 carbon atoms; R" is alkyl or alkenyl of 1-20 carbons; R'" is hydrogen or methyl; and n is an integer of from about 5 to about 50.

Abstract: A process for producing a purified 3,4-toluenediamine product and a mixture of 4- and 5-methylbenzotriazoles from a mixture of ortho-toluenediamine isomers, the process having the steps of(a) dissolving a mixture of ortho-toluenediamine isomers in water to form an aqueous solution;(b) cooling the aqueous solution to a temperature whereby crystals of a purified 3,4-toluenediamine product are formed in an aqueous mother liquor;(c) separating the purified 3,4-toluenediamine product crystals from the aqueous mother liquor;(d) reacting the aqueous mother liquor with a diazotization agent selected from sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, nitrous acid and nitrous anhydride in the presence of acetic acid to form a reaction mixture containing a mixture of 4- and 5-methylbenzotriazoles; and(e) recovering the mixture of 4- and 5-methylbenzotriazoles from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Described is a process for making rigid polyurethane foam from a reaction formulation including a novel surfactant composition comprising select trialkoxysilanols or alkoxysilane cluster compounds.