Abstract: A non-invasive method for measuring the level of filling material in a vessel and for detecting the presence of the filling material in the vessel at a predetermined set point level is based on monitoring the oscillation of the vessel's outside wall that follows an impact load applied to the external surface of the vessel's wall. The method may employ short range level measurement and long range level measurement procedures. The short-range level measurement utilizes the macro-dynamic properties of the oscillating space in the vicinity of the center of the impact. The long-range level measurement utilizes the properties of the transverse elastic waves propagating along the vessel's wall after the impact. The value of the measured level may be determined by a joint evaluation of the output of the short range level measurement procedure and the output of the long range level measurement procedure.

Abstract: The method of monitoring or measuring the concentration of glucose level in human and animal blood uses a non-invasive technique and includes measurements of the speed of sound through the blood, the conductivity of the blood, and the heat capacity of the blood, or by non-invasive measurement of any other parameters that can be used to calculate the glucose level. Thereafter, the glucose level for each of the three measurements is calculated and the final glucose value is determined by a weighted average of the three calculated glucose values.

Abstract: A non-invasive method for measuring the level of filling material in a vessel and for detecting the presence of the filling material in the vessel at a predetermined set point level is based on monitoring the oscillation of the vessel's outside wall that follows an impact load applied to the external surface of the vessel's wall. The method may employ short range level measurement and long range level measurement procedures. The short-range level measurement utilizes the macro-dynamic properties of the oscillating space in the vicinity of the center of the impact. The long-range level measurement utilizes the properties of the transverse elastic waves propagating along the vessel's wall after the impact. The value of the measured level may be determined by a joint evaluation of the output of the short range level measurement procedure and the output of the long range level measurement procedure.

Abstract: The method of monitoring or measuring the concentration of glucose level in human and animal blood uses a non-invasive technique and includes measurements of the speed of sound through the blood, the conductivity of the blood, and the heat capacity of the blood, or by non-invasive measurement of any other parameters that can be used to calculate the glucose level. Thereafter, the glucose level for each of the three measurements is calculated and the final glucose value is determined by a weighted average of the three calculated glucose values.

Abstract: A method and device for ultrasonic ranging. As in prior art devices, ultrasound pulses are transmitted by the device towards a target, and echo pulses from the target are received. The timing of the maximum of the amplitude envelope of the echo pulses is picked and used as a measure of the return time of these pulses. This maximum envelope time is relatively independent of the speed of sound between the device and the target. Preferably, the duration of the echo pulses is less than the response time of the receiving circuit, to enable an accurate pick of the amplitude envelope maximum.