Abstract: An ignition plug wire for an internal combustion engine has an elongated conductor with a programmable capacitor module disposed in-line with the elongated conductor. The programmable capacitor module is configured to step up or convert the ignition voltage normally supplied by an ignition coil to a plasma voltage. An inventive ignition plug if configured such that the anode enclosed within the insulator includes or is replaced by a voltage converting module designed to convert the ignition voltage into a plasma voltage. The voltage converting module consists of a semiconductor circuit, a composite semiconductor material, or a capacitor.

Abstract: A plasma ignition plug for an internal combustion engine has a thorium alloyed tungsten anode separated from a vanadium- or beryllium-alloyed copper cathode by a boron nitride ceramic powder insulator. A generally semi-spherical titanium emitter is electrically coupled to the anode and disposed within an end of the insulator so as to form an annular gap with a torus on the end of the cathode. The surface of the emitter protrudes slightly beyond the rim of the torus on the cathode. High amplitude pulses driven into the anode arc across the annular gap to the cathode at more than twenty-four spots simultaneously, generating a plasma ignition front.

Abstract: A plasma ignition plug for an internal combustion engine has a thorium alloyed tungsten anode separated from a vanadium- or beryllium-alloyed copper cathode by a boron nitride ceramic powder insulator. A generally semi-spherical titanium emitter is electrically coupled to the anode and disposed within an end of the insulator so as to form an annular gap with a torus on the end of the cathode. The surface of the emitter protrudes slightly beyond the rim of the torus on the cathode. High amplitude pulses driven into the anode arc across the annular gap to the cathode at more than twenty-four spots simultaneously, generating a plasma ignition front.

Abstract: A plasma ignition plug for an internal combustion engine has a thorium alloyed tungsten anode separated from a vanadium- or beryllium-alloyed copper cathode by a boron nitride ceramic powder insulator. A generally semi-spherical titanium emitter is electrically coupled to the anode and disposed within an end of the insulator so as to form an annular gap with a torus on the end of the cathode. The surface of the emitter protrudes slightly beyond the rim of the torus on the cathode. High amplitude pulses driven into the anode arc across the annular gap to the cathode at more than twenty-four spots simultaneously, generating a plasma ignition front.

Abstract: A plasma ignition plug for an internal combustion engine has a thorium alloyed tungsten anode separated from a vanadium- or beryllium-alloyed copper cathode by a boron nitride ceramic powder insulator. A generally semi-spherical titanium emitter is electrically coupled to the anode and disposed within an end of the insulator so as to form an annular gap with a torus on the end of the cathode. The surface of the emitter protrudes slightly beyond the rim of the torus on the cathode. High amplitude pulses driven into the anode arc across the annular gap to the cathode at more than twenty-four spots simultaneously, generating a plasma ignition front.

Abstract: An electronically shaded glass window shading system is described that provides a progressively darkening window, based on either user input or detection of ambient light. The electronically shaded glass window shading system may be used for commercial buildings, residential buildings, public areas, and vehicles. The electronically shaded glass window shading system may enhance energy efficiency by blocking bright light thereby reducing heat. The electronically shaded glass window shading system includes a user interface that permits a user to create opaque or alternatively transparent walls or windows as the need arises.

Abstract: An electronically shaded glass window system is described that provides a progressively darkening window, based on either user input or detection of ambient light. This invention is appropriate for use in commercial buildings, residential buildings, public areas and vehicles. It enhances energy efficiency by blocking bright light thereby reducing heat. It includes a user interface, which permits a user to create opaque or alternatively transparent walls or windows as the need arises.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for manipulating video, audio, closed-captioned and compressed video packet data embedded in video programming signals includes a video signal processor for embedding data into a broadcast video signal prior to broadcast, the video signal containing at least one of video information, audio information, closed-captioned information and video packet data information. The embedded data is embedded in at least one predetermined line of at least one predetermined frame of the video program signal. An instruction defining a predetermined screening format for at least one of the video information, the audio information, the closed-captioned information and the video packet data information is stored and a circuit is responsive to the embedded data and the stored instruction for reproducing the information in the video signal in a predetermined screening format.

Abstract: A method and system for displaying information from a digital document in a format that presents a paper page-like appearance, including a full-page display and a side-by-side display. This invention provides a method for converting source documents, such as are common on Web sites on the Internet, into a side-by-side printed page format that maintains hyperlinks, images, sound files, video files, and text, while permitting the user to read the information in the familiar book or magazine style.