Abstract: Compositions for preventing and reversing ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage, preventing antimicrobial drug resistance, protecting a subject from acute radiation syndrome, reducing hair loss resulting from alopecia areata, reducing a probability of cervical cancer, reducing hair loss resulting from radiation therapy or chemotherapy, preventing complications arising from cosmic radiation exposure, preventing complications arising from a disease causing excess mucus formation, reducing a likelihood of infertility in cancer patients, preventing genomic instability from a diagnostic imaging or interventional radiology procedure, preventing radiation therapy-induced organ damage, preventing chemotherapy-associated peripheral neuropathy, protecting skin cells from radiation dermatitis, preventing radiation-induced fibrosis, and reducing ventilator-induced lung injury are provided. The composition includes a target compound.