Abstract: Anamorphic lenses or lens arrays are formed in photosensitively crystallizable glass by selective exposure of the glass surface and thermal treatment to cause the crystallization of the glass surrounding the lenses. The lenses, which have elongated cross-sections in the plane of the exposed glass surface and raised curved surfaces resulting from the densification of the surround material, exhibit different surface curvatures over their major and minor transverse axes and thus anamorphic light-focusing properties.

Abstract: A composite body consisting of a glass or glass-ceramic substrate with a non-stick, heat resistant resin composition bonded to a surface thereof. Suitable substrates are those which contain one or more differentially etchable components. Particularly useful are glass compositions which undergo phase separation upon heat treatment. For example, some borosilicate glasses separate into a silica-rich phase and a borate-rich phase when heated to about 600.degree. C. and maintained at that temperature for about one hour. The substrate is etched to remove at least a portion of one component to provide a bonding surface containing extremely small pores of relatively uniform diameter for a non-stick heat resistant resin composition. The resin composition is uniformly applied to the etched substrate in liquid form and subsequently hardened, suitably by fusion, to form a solid, substantially continuous film over the etched surface.

Abstract: Photochromic glass compositions for thin refractive-index-corrected lens elements consisting essentially of about:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 54-58% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-22% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 7-8% Li.sub.2 O 3.75-4.5% Na.sub.2 O 0-1% K.sub.2 O 5.5-7.5% TiO.sub.2 0-2% ZrO.sub.2 2-4.5% Ag 0.20-0.33% Cl 0.30-0.50% Br 0.04-0.12% CuO 0.007-0.012% PbO 0-0.08% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.20% ______________________________________having a Li.sub.2 O:Na.sub.2 O molar ratio of at least 9:1 and exhibiting good darkening, fast fading, good chemical strengthenability and neutral dark-state coloration at thicknesses on the order of 1 mm, are described.

Abstract: An optical apparatus for focusing at least one image and optionally only one image of an object, said apparatus comprising a receiving surface and an optical imaging device between the image and the object to form an image of the object on the receiving surface. The imaging device comprising at least one glass body, at least a portion of which is a photonucleated opacified glass. The body has opposed surfaces, at least one of the surfaces having raised light focusing transparent optical pattern portions integral therewith and transparent channels connecting the raised transparent pattern portions to the surface opposed to the surface containing the pattern.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of producing a photochromic glass having a reduced transmittance for ultraviolet radiation while having substantially unimpaired photochromic properties. The method comprises providing a combination of 0.1-1.0% CeO.sub.2 and 0.1-1.5% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 and/or As.sub.2 O.sub.3 as part of the glass composition. In an embodiment utilizing minimal silver content, the glass article in thicknesses of 1.3 to 2.0 mm. can be chemically strengthened to surpass the impact specification imposed by the Federal Food and Drug Administration for eyewear, will transmit less than 0.2% of radiation having wavelengths between 290-315 nm, and will demonstrate a darkened luminous transmittance at 20.degree.-25.degree. C. below 35% and a fading rate such that after five minutes the luminous transmittance will be at least 1.75 times that of the darkened transmittance. These glasses consist essentially of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 55-61 Ag >0.1-<0.2 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-21 Cl 0.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved, transparent, mullite glass-ceramic doped with Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 to fluoresce in the 650-900 nm. region of the spectrum and having an absorption peak centered at about 600 nm. The improvement is inclusion in the composition of 2-15% by weight of ZnO and sufficient MgO, if necessary, to provide at least 5% ZnO+MgO. The ZnO or ZnO--MgO components selectively shift the absorption peak centered at 600 nm. toward the lower (blue) end of the spectrum.

Abstract: An integral optical device is disclosed that is composed of a photosensitive glass having an optical pattern developed therein by a refractive index change due to formation of colloidal metal particles and/or crystalline microphases nucleated by such particles. In a specific embodiment the pattern is composed of at least one transparent lens system having a radial gradient refractive index distribution of prescribed nature.

Abstract: An integral optical imaging device is disclosed in which two or more porous glass bodies, embodying arrays of cylindrical gradient index lens systems, are rigidly maintained in a stacked relationship such that the lens systems are in register. This enhances the accumulative lens power and effective thickness of the device.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved integral optical device of the type produced by creating optical patterns in porous glass bodies, especially patterns involving gradient refractive index distributions. The optical strength of an element, such as a lens, in such an optical pattern is increased by treatment with a polymerizable, organo functional silicone fluid while the matrix glass is sealed.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to the preparation of glass articles exhibiting excellent polarization in the infrared portion of the spectrum from glasses characterized as containing silver halide particles therein selected from the group of AgCl, AgBr, AgI. The inventive method comprises four general steps:(a) a batch for a glass containing silver and at least one halide selected from the group of chloride, bromide, and iodide is melted and the melt shaped into a glass body of a desired geometry;(b) the glass body is subjected to a heat treatment at least above the strain point but not in excess of 50.degree. C. above the softening point of the glass for a period of time adequate to cause the generation of AgCl and/or AgBr and/or AgI particles therein, said particles ranging in size between 200-5000 .ANG.;(c) the glass body is elongated under stress at temperatures above the annealing point, but below that where said glass exhibits a viscosity of about 10.sup.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the preparation of photochromic glasses exhibiting a darkened luminous transmittance at 40.degree. C. below 35% and a five-minute fading rate at 40.degree. C. of at least 40 units of transmittance and a darkened transmittance at 25.degree. C. below 25% and a five-minute fading rate at 25.degree. C. of at least 35 units of transmittance. The glasses consist essentially, by weight, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 56-60 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6-9 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-21 Li.sub.2 O >2.5-3.5 Na.sub.2 O 0.5-2.5 K.sub.2 O 5-7 ZrO.sub.2 3.75-5 PbO 0.1-0.15 Ag >0.15-0.25 Cl 0.2-0.35 Br 0.075-0.15 CuO 0.004-0.02 CeO.sub.2 0-0.5 ______________________________________wherein the levels of Ag, Br, Cl, and CuO represent values as analyzed in the glass.

Abstract: Optical patterns formed by localized optical density or refractive index variations in glass are produced by impregnating a porous glass support with a photolyzable organometallic compound and selectively exposing the glass to a photolyzing light source to cause the photolytic decomposition of the organometallic compound in exposed portions of the glass. The patterns are fixed, if desired, by removing unreacted organometallic compound from the pores.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the production of photochromic glass compositions consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, as calculated from the batch, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 52-59 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-23 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6-8 Li.sub.2 O 1-2.5 Na.sub.2 O 1-3 K.sub.2 O 8-13 ZrO.sub.2 2-6 TiO.sub.2 0-3 ______________________________________and containing, as analyzed in weight percent, of ______________________________________ Ag 0.17-0.22 CuO 0.012-0.019 Cl 0.29-0.35 Br 0.06-0.12 PbO 0.1-0.15 ______________________________________exhibiting, in 0.4 mm cross section, a clear luminous transmittance in excess of 90%, a darkened luminous transmittance below about 45% at a temperature of 25.degree. C., a darkened luminous transmittance below about 57% at a temperature of 40.degree. C., and a half fading time at both temperatures of about five minutes.

Abstract: Magnetic materials exhibiting ferrimagnetic and/or superparamagnetic behavior, produced by impregnating porous glasses with iron and, optionally, manganese, cobalt and nickel compounds, reacting the compounds with the porous glass to form bound complexes, heating the glass to expel unreacted organometallics, and further heating to convert the bound complexes to ferrimagnetic and/or superparamagnetic oxide crystallites, are described. Ferrimagnetic iron oxide crystallites exhibiting coercivities above 10,000 Oe can be made.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to the production of photochromic glasses having compositions consisting essentially, as analyzed in weight percent on the oxide basis, ofSiO.sub.2 --55-60Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --9-10B.sub.2 O.sub.3 --19-20.5Li.sub.2 O--2-2.5Na.sub.2 O--2-3K.sub.2 O--6-7PbO--0.1-0.25Ag--0.1-0.15Cl--0.3-0.5Br--0.05-0.15CuO--0.0065-0.01The glasses are capable of being drawn into sheet and articles cut from the sheet simultaneously shaped and photochromic properties developed therein. The glasses display a clear luminous transmittance in excess of 90% when free from tint, a darkened luminous transmittance at 20.degree. C. below 25% when free from tint, and a fading rate at 20.degree. C. such that the glass demonstrates a faded luminous transmittance at least twice that of the darkened transmittance after a five-minute fading interval.

Abstract: Silver-free, cadmium-free, copper halide-based alkali aluminoborosilicate glasses exhibiting good optical clarity and good photochromic darkening and fading are provided by controlling the alkali, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 concentrations in the base glass and/or adding MoO.sub.3 or WO.sub.3 thereto.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the production of glasses suitable for use as segments in multifocal ophthalmic lenses and, especially, as segments in multifocal photochromic ophthalmic lenses. The glasses have refractive indices between about 1.58-1.71, softening points between 620.degree.-645.degree. C., strain points between 445.degree.-480.degree. C., coefficients of thermal expansion (0.degree.-300.degree. C.) between 60-66.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C., excellent chemical durability, and consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of 0-2% Li.sub.2 O and/or 0-3% Na.sub.2 O, 1-4% Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O, 4-9% BaO, 25-50% PbO, 4-8% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 4-7% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 30-50% SiO.sub.2, and 0.5-3% TiO.sub.2.

Abstract: The instant invention is concerned with transparent photochromic glass compositions which not only exhibit desirably rapid darkening and fading characteristics, but which also demonstrate the other physical and optical properties required for use in ophthalmic applications. Such glasses utilize the presence of silver chloride and/or silver bromide crystals to impart photochromic behavior in a narrowly-defined composition range within the alkali metal aluminoborosilicate base system. Copper ions are also included in the composition to perform as a sensitizing agent. The glasses have the capability of being either thermally tempered or chemically strengthened to comply with the United States Food and Drug Administration regulations for lenses used in ophthalmic applications. Improved independence of temperature effects upon the photochromic properties can be achieved where the copper level, expressed as CuO, is maintained between about 0.004-0.