Abstract: Various magnetoresistive memory cells and architectures are described which enable nonvolatile memories having high information density.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for treating a self-assembled monolayer coating on a dielectric layer to improve epoxy adhesion to the self-assembled monolayer coating. In implementations of the methods, a dielectric layer on a surface of a substrate is provided. A self-assembled monolayer coating is formed on the dielectric layer. A seal region of the self-assembled monolayer coating is selectively treated. A component is bonded to the seal region of the self-assembled monolayer coating with an epoxy. Implementations of the methods may be used to encapsulate an electromechanical systems device on the substrate with a cover using an epoxy.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a software architecture encoded on a computer readable medium is disclosed. The software architecture can be utilized for developing in-vehicle software applications for installation and execution on an in-vehicle computer system. The software architecture includes a number of vehicle application program interfaces (APIs) for accessing vehicles systems or data and for developing in-vehicle software applications; and a number of policy restrictions underlying the vehicle APIs for restricting the level of access to vehicle systems and data while the in-vehicle software application is being developed.

Abstract: A mesh (10) for use in screening a user from direct impact of a high pressure fluid J is adapted for receiving and diffusing S the high pressure fluid therethrough when positioned in relation to a location P from which the high pressure fluid issues. The mesh (10) can form part of a screening apparatus that comprises a frame (72) for supporting the mesh in a spaced relationship to the location P from which the high pressure fluid issues. The mesh and apparatus can be employed in a method in which the high pressure fluid is diffused at a first location that is spaced with respect to a second location from which the high pressure fluid issues.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a software architecture encoded on a computer readable medium is disclosed. The software architecture can be utilized for developing in-vehicle software applications for installation and execution on an in-vehicle computer system. The software architecture includes a number of vehicle application program interfaces (APIs) for accessing vehicles systems or data and for developing in-vehicle software applications; and a number of policy restrictions underlying the vehicle APIs for restricting the level of access to vehicle systems and data while the in-vehicle software application is being developed.

Abstract: A biomedical return electrode for electrosurgery or radiofrequency (RF), a biomedical electrode pad (100), a system (300), and a method of treating tissue using a biomedical return electrode are disclosed. The biomedical return electrode comprises an electrode conductor (114) for receiving electrical energy from tissue via a return path, and a thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) layer (116) coupled to the conductor (114). The TLC layer (116) changes color at one or more sites dependent upon the conductor temperature at each site. The TLC layer (116) changes color in a predetermined range of temperatures from about 40° C. to about 50° C. to alert an operator about the risk of a burn occurring. The biomedical electrode pad (100) comprises at least one such biomedical return electrode and a conductive body (112) to form a contact with tissue. The system (300) comprises an apparatus for delivering electrical energy to tissue and such a biomedical electrode pad (100).

Abstract: A catalytic reactor (40) comprises a plurality of sheets (42) defining flow channels (44) between them. Within each flow channel (44) is a foil (46) of corrugated material whose surfaces are coated with catalytic material apart from where they contact the sheets (44). At each end of the reactor (40) are headers to supply gas mixtures to the flow channels (44), the headers communicating with adjacent channels being separate. The reactor (40) enables different gas mixtures to be supplied to adjacent channels (44), which may be at different pressures, and the corresponding chemical reactions are also different. Where one of the reactions is endothermic while the other reaction is exothermic, heat is transferred through the sheets (42) separating the adjacent channels (44), from the exothermic reaction to the endothermic reaction.

Abstract: At least some subpixels in an interferometric modulator display are formed in a triangular shape. Such triangular subpixels may be formed and/or addressed in a variety of manners. At least some individual triangular subpixels may be separately addressable. However, a plurality of triangular subpixels may be addressable as a group, e.g., as a group of 2, 3, 4 or more. A single pixel may include varying numbers of triangular subpixels. For example, a single pixel may include 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 or some other number of triangular subpixels. Alternatively, a single pixel may include 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, or some other number of triangular subpixels. A single pixel may include triangular subpixels that are configured to be separately addressable and/or triangular subpixels are configured to be addressable as a group.

Abstract: Systems and methods providing improved battery charging using systems comprising multiple chargers are generally described. In some embodiments, the chargers can communicate with each other. In some embodiments, a battery management unit (BMU) can be used to communicate with at least one of the chargers, and, in some cases, all of the chargers. The system can be configured such that the charging load can be distributed among multiple chargers, or to a single charger, depending on the amount of charging power required at a given time. The system can also be configured to alternate which charger(s) handle the charging load over a period of time. For example, when only a single charger is needed to handle the total charging load, the system can be configured such that the load is handled by a first charger over a first period of time, a second charger of a second period of time, etc.

Abstract: Systems and methods for disconnection of battery power from vehicular components in an electric vehicle upon the occurrence of a crash event are described. In an embodiment of an electric vehicle, upon detection of a crash event, an appropriate signal is transmitted through a controller area network (CAN). A battery management unit (BMU) detects the signal and then severs a power connection between the battery and one or more vehicular components of the electric vehicle. In another embodiment of an electric vehicle, a crash event is detected and a signal to deploy an airbag and/or a pretensioner is emitted. Once a decision is made to deploy the airbag and/or the to pretensioner, the BMU then cuts off battery power to one or more vehicular components of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: Gear selector apparatus for a vehicle includes a rotary encoder having detents at positions corresponding to driving modes of the vehicle, the rotary encoder outputting at least one encoder signal in response to rotation of the rotary encoder by a driver of the vehicle, a display assembly configured to indicate a driving mode of the vehicle, and gear selector logic, responsive at least in part to the encoder signal, to control the driving mode of the vehicle and the display assembly. The rotary encoder may be rotatable in either direction without limits on rotation. The gear selector logic may define one or more conditions for changing from an actual driving mode to a target driving mode selected by the driver.

Abstract: A vehicle frame assembly (4) including a hinge device (16), the hinge device (16) having first and second hub devices (22) and a third hub device (22) interposed between the first and second hub devices (22), the first and second hub devices (22) releasably engage with the third hub device (24) for locking the vehicle frame assembly (4) in an erected condition, wherein the first and second hub devices (22) have inwardly-projecting lugs (26) about their periphery and the third hub device (24) includes at its periphery recesses (28), the recesses (28) and the inwardly-projecting lugs (26) arranged to loosely interdigitate in the erected condition, and wherein the inwardly-projecting lugs (26) comprise inwardly-projecting ramped portions and the third hub device (24) comprises, bounding the recesses (28), corresponding outwardly-projecting ramped surface portions (40).

Abstract: At least some subpixels in an interferometric modulator display are formed in a triangular shape. Such triangular subpixels may be formed and/or addressed in a variety of manners. At least some individual triangular subpixels may be separately addressable. However, a plurality of triangular subpixels may be addressable as a group, e.g., as a group of 2, 3, 4 or more. A single pixel may include varying numbers of triangular subpixels. For example, a single pixel may include 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 or some other number of triangular subpixels. Alternatively, a single pixel may include 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, or some other number of triangular subpixels. A single pixel may include triangular subpixels that are configured to be separately addressable and/or triangular subpixels are configured to be addressable as a group.

Abstract: Various magnetoresistive memory cells and architectures are described which enable nonvolatile memories having high information density.

Abstract: A catalyst support is made by coating a metal substrate with a solution containing a precursor for a ceramic and an amphiphilic compound, and treating the coating such that it forms a micelle structure. The coating is then treated to form a mesoporous ceramic coating on the metal substrate. The micelle structure acts as a template, so that the pores are of regular size. The active catalytic material can then be deposited in the pores. The metal substrate may for example be a corrugated foil, which can enable reaction heat to be dissipated from hot spots.

Abstract: At least some subpixels in an interferometric modulator display are formed in a triangular shape. Such triangular subpixels may be formed and/or addressed in a variety of manners. At least some individual triangular subpixels may be separately addressable. However, a plurality of triangular subpixels may be addressable as a group, e.g., as a group of 2, 3, 4 or more. A single pixel may include varying numbers of triangular subpixels. For example, a single pixel may include 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 or some other number of triangular subpixels. Alternatively, a single pixel may include 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, or some other number of triangular subpixels. A single pixel may include triangular subpixels that are configured to be separately addressable and/or triangular subpixels are configured to be addressable as a group.

Abstract: Various magnetoresistive memory cells and architectures are included which enable nonvolatile memories having high information density.

Abstract: An information display for a vehicle includes an indicator arrangement having a visual display configured to provide driver demand information to a vehicle driver. The visual display includes a dynamic target range for operating the vehicle, which includes a first boundary and a second boundary indicating a driver demand that would cause the engine to start. A control system includes at least one controller, and is configured to receive at least one input related to current operating conditions of the vehicle and to provide at least one output to the indicator arrangement to position the target range on the visual display and to indicate to the driver a current level of driver demand. In this way, the visual display indicates to the driver the current level of driver demand relative to the position of the target range.

Abstract: Precursor materials and methods of making are disclosed. The precursor materials include at least one of a silica source, and a carbon source, with or without liquid and a binder The methods described include pyrolyzing the precursor material to form a carbonaceous mixture and heat treating the mixture for a pre-determined time and at an elevated temperature during which carbon and/or nitrogen react with silica in the mixture to form carbides and/or nitrides. The carbides and nitrides formed from said methods may be used as blowing agents in a glass, ceramic, or metal forming processes or for promoting dispersion of the carbides and nitrides throughout a glass, ceramic, or metal composite.

Abstract: A particulate product comprising kaolin produced from a method wherein the kaolin of a feed suspension is such that not more than 30% by weight has a particle size less than 2 ?m and not more than 30% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 ?m, wherein the kaolin of a product suspension produced is such that not more than 10% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 ?m and not more than 10% by weight has a particle size less than 0.25 ?m, and wherein the particulate product comprises kaolin produced from a fine fraction suspension.