Abstract: A process for treating a farm product by heating and cooling, said treatment may include pasteurization of a product within the container in which they are to be sold by placing sealed containers containing the products within a process tank causing the products to move within the containers to enhance heat transfer into the product, holding the product at a desired temperature and then cooling the container while in the tank and distributing the containers to be sold.

Abstract: A method of reducing the pressure drop in a downflow/upflow wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system and of improving overall sulfur dioxide collection efficiency by converting the downflow/upflow WFGD system to an upflow single-loop WFGD system. The method includes the replacing of the downflow quencher and related duct work with a bypass for connecting the incoming flue gas duct with the upflow absorber, and the adding of a quenching zone in the absorber comprised of spray headers.

Abstract: A method of reducing the pressure drop in a downflow/upflow wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system and of improving overall sulfur dioxide collection efficiency by converting the downflow/upflow WFGD system to an upflow single-loop WFGD system. The method includes the replacing of the downflow quencher and related duct work with a bypass for connecting the incoming flue gas duct with the upflow absorber, and the adding of a quenching zone in the absorber comprised of spray headers.

Abstract: A dual-fluid low pressure drop atomizer utilizes extended wear life material and comprises a nozzle head having a secondary mix chamber therein for receiving a mixture of a first compressible fluid and a second fluid containing solids from a primary mix chamber. The nozzle head also has an orifice therein communicating with and adjacent to the secondary mix chamber for discharging a jet of the mixture. The orifice and the secondary mix chamber form an approximate right angle therebetween. An inner barrel is connected to the nozzle head at the primary mix chamber and supplies the first fluid to the nozzle head. An outer barrel is arranged around the inner barrel creating an annulus therebetween and is also connected to the nozzle head for supplying the second fluid to the nozzle head. Wear resistant material provided in the primary and secondary mix chambers reduces erosion within the atomizer head.

Abstract: An atomizer used in boilers, furnaces, downstream contaminant removal processes and the like, to atomize the oil/liquid/slurry product being sprayed into such enclosures. This particular atomizer is configured with individual openings around each exit orifice in the atomizer such that a shield gas (normally air) in communication with these openings, is ejected from the atomizer fully surrounding the spray emitted from each exit orifice.

Abstract: Broadly, the present invention takes advantage of the ability of self-protonated sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) to sense and/or modulate pH of a medium in the vicinity of a SPAN electrode. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for sensing pH of a medium in the vicinity of a sensing electrode wherein a SPAN electrode and a counter-electrode are placed in a medium and an indicia of said SAN correlative with the pH of said medium is monitored. As another aspect of the present invention, the pH of a medium in the vicinity of a sensing electrode is modulated by placing a SPAN electrode in the medium and applying a voltage to the electrode to controllably emit or absorb protons from said electrode to modulate the pH of the medium in the vicinity of the electrode. As a further aspect of the present invention, the activity/state of a biosensor/catalyst is sensed for the activity/state correlative with pH.

Abstract: A composite floor covering comprising a rubbery backing strip or layer in intimate contact with the floor, ceramic tiles placed over the backing layer and flexible grouting between the tiles.

Abstract: Cobalt(II)-bearing aqueous solutions may be treated with an extractant comprising an organic-soluble phophinic acid, or a salt thereof, to separate the cobalt(II) from the aqueous solution. Typical extraction techniques compatible with the instant process include liquid-liquid extraction employing either mixer settlers or columns, packed beds of supported extractants as in ion exchange, liquid membrane extraction and selective supported membrane extraction.

Abstract: Cobalt(II)-, nickel(II)-bearing aqueous solutions may be treated with an extractant comprising an organic-soluble phosphinic acid, or a salt thereof, to separate the cobalt(II) from the aqueous solution. Typical extraction techniques compatible with the instant process include liquid- liquid extraction employing either mixer settlers or columns, packed beds of supported extractants as in ion exchange, liquid membrane extraction and selective supported membrane extraction.

Abstract: Cobalt(II)-bearing aqueous solutions may be treated with an extractant comprising an organic-soluble phosphinic acid, or a salt thereof, to separate the cobalt(II) from the aqueous solution. Typical extraction techniques compatible with the instant process include liquid-liquid extraction employing either mixer settlers or columns, packed beds of supported extractants as in ion exchange, liquid membrane extraction and selective supported membrane extraction.

Abstract: Adhesive dressing compositions are disclosed which are useful in restoring and improving adhesive joint surfaces such as grout surfaces in ceramic tile installations by easy, efficient methods. Such compositions form stain resistant, water repellent, washable coverings which adhere to most adhesive surfaces and further have properties of preferential adherability to certain adhesive surfaces compared with adjacent adherend surfaces. The compositions comprise a polymer in the form of an emulsion, an alkali-thickenable polymer, an alkaline material and water with other components including pigments, plasticizers and solvents.

Abstract: The use of alpha-substituted-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acids to replace part of the conventional 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid coupling component results in improved azo dyes.

Abstract: Adhesive dressing compositions are disclosed which are useful in restoring and improving adhesive joint surfaces such as grout surfaces in ceramic tile installations by easy, efficient methods. Such compositions form stain resistant, water repellent, washable coverings which adhere to most adhesive surfaces and further have properties of preferential adherability to certain adhesive surfaces compared with adjacent adherend surfaces. The compositions comprise a polymer in the form of an emulsion, an alkali-thickenable polymer, an alkaline material and water with other components including pigments, plasticizers and solvents.

Abstract: Adhesive dressing compositions are disclosed which are useful in restoring and improving adhesive joint surfaces such as grout surfaces in ceramic tile installations by easy, efficient methods. Such compositions form stain resistant, water repellent, washable coverings which adhere to most adhesive surfaces and further have properties of preferential adherability to certain adhesive surfaces compared with adjacent adherend surfaces. The compositions comprise a polymer in the form of an emulsion, an alkali-thickenable polymer, an alkaline material and water with other components including pigments, plasticizers and solvents.

Abstract: Hydraulic cementitious compositions are disclosed which have as an additive to provide sag resistance a compound selected from among magnesium oxide having an iodine number of greater than twenty or magnesium hydroxide.