Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for stabilizing enzymes. Also provided are systems, compositions and methods for using the stabilized enzymes to produce a desired compound.

Abstract: When a leak occurs in one service circuit of a multi-circuit braking system, the leak can prevent replenishing the non-leaking service reservoir. To address this problem, a shared backup reservoir can be used to replenish the non-leaking service reservoir. A valve can be used to allow flow from the backup reservoir to whichever service reservoir is under higher pressure, as low pressure would indicate a leak. Additional valve(s) can be used to impede flow from the service reservoirs to the backup reservoir to prevent the service reservoirs from being drained if the backup reservoir is subject to a leak.

Abstract: A spring brake system includes a service brake chamber, a spring brake chamber adjacent to the service brake chamber, a wall separating the service brake chamber from the spring brake chamber, a shaft, and a device. The shaft extends from the service brake chamber into the spring brake chamber through an opening in the wall. The device is disposed along the shaft through the wall, the device being configured to: i) allow air to flow from the service chamber into the spring brake chamber, and ii) prevent air from flowing from the spring brake chamber into the service chamber. The air is within a range that is sufficient to reduce a pressure differential between the service brake chamber and the spring brake chamber. The air is also within a range that is sufficient to generate an anti-compounding effect.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for purifying antibodies. Purification is achieved by increasing the binding capacity of protein A chromatography by covalent attachment of a protein A domain (E, D, A, B, C), or domain Z, or a functional variant thereof, to Drosophila melanogaster transcription factor Ultrabithorax (Ubx) materials. The compositions include fusion proteins containing Drosophila melanogaster transcription factor Ultrabithorax (Ubx) or a fragment thereof and an immunoglobulin binding protein. In some embodiments, the immunoglobulin binding protein is a protein A domain, a protein Z domain or a fragment thereof.

Abstract: A wheel speed sensor assembly includes a sensor having a housing configured to be received within a bore in a mounting block such that the sensor is spaced from, and faces, an exciter ring and senses rotation of the exciter ring. The housing extends along a longitudinal axis and defines a key on a radially outer surface having first and second portions having different heights. The first portion is configured to be received within a first keyway that is formed in the mounting block and is in communication with the bore in the mounting block. A clamping sleeve is configured to secure the sensor within the bore in the mounting block. The clamping sleeve defines a bore configured to receive the housing of the sensor and a second keyway in communication with the bore in the clamping sleeve. The second portion of the key is received within the second keyway.

Abstract: A wheel speed sensor assembly includes a sensor having a housing configured to be received within a bore in a mounting block such that the sensor is spaced from, and faces, an exciter ring and senses rotation of the exciter ring. The housing extends along a longitudinal axis and defines a key on a radially outer surface having first and second portions having different heights. The first portion is configured to be received within a first keyway that is formed in the mounting block and is in communication with the bore in the mounting block. A clamping sleeve is configured to secure the sensor within the bore in the mounting block. The clamping sleeve defines a bore configured to receive the housing of the sensor and a second keyway in communication with the bore in the clamping sleeve. The second portion of the key is received within the second keyway.

Abstract: A controller comprises an electronic communication line configured to receive a system brake request control signal representing a requested system brake application and an identified urgency.

Abstract: A vehicle braking system for a vehicle combination includes a first brake axle including a first actuatable brake, a second brake axle including a second actuatable brake, a third brake axle including a third actuatable brake, a first valve controlling actuation of the first actuatable brake and actuation of the second actuatable brake, and a second valve controlling actuation of the second actuatable brake and actuation of the third actuatable brake.

Abstract: A solenoid valve comprises first, second, and third ports. The solenoid valve further comprises an armature movable between a first position in which fluid flow from the second port to the third port is blocked and fluid flow from the first port to the third port is unblocked and a second position in which fluid flow from the second port to the third port is unblocked and fluid flow from the first port to the third port is blocked. The fluid flow in the second position is blocked until fluid pressure at the first port exceeds fluid pressure at the third port by a predetermined amount to thereby provide check valve functionality. The check valve functionality is integral to the armature. The solenoid valve also comprises an energizeable solenoid that, when energized, moves the armature from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A valve module is provided for enabling a vehicle to control an autonomous event of the vehicle. The valve module comprises a relay valve, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve. A first control pressure can be delivered through the first solenoid valve and applied to a control port of the relay valve. In one embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve and combined with the first control pressure. The combined first and second control pressures are applied to the control port of the relay valve.

Abstract: A solenoid valve with an integrated check valve functionality is provided. The solenoid valve comprises first, second, and third ports. The solenoid valve further comprises an armature movable between a first position in which fluid flow from the second port to the third port is blocked and fluid flow from the first port to the third port is unblocked and a second position in which fluid flow from the second port to the third port is unblocked and fluid flow from the first port to the third port is blocked until fluid pressure at the first port exceeds fluid pressure at the third port by a predetermined amount of fluid pressure to thereby provide the check valve functionality. The check valve functionality is integral to the armature. The solenoid valve also comprises an energizeable solenoid for, when energized, moves the armature from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A valve module is provided for enabling a vehicle to control an autonomous event of the vehicle. The valve module comprises a relay valve, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve. A first control pressure can be delivered through the first solenoid valve and applied to a control port of the relay valve. In one embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve and combined with the first control pressure. The combined first and second control pressures are applied to the control port of the relay valve. In another embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve only when no first control pressure is delivered through the first solenoid valve.

Abstract: A valve includes at least one of an electrical port adapted to receive an electronic control signal and a pneumatic control port adapted to receive a pneumatic control signal. The valve also includes a pneumatic delivery port. The pneumatic delivery port is adapted to transmit a pneumatic fluid, based on the at least one of the received electronic control signal and the received pneumatic control signal, from a second independent source to control i) a second associated service brake and ii) delivery of the pneumatic fluid from a first independent source to control a first associated service brake.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a heat-exchange dryer apparatus are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat-exchange dryer apparatus includes a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, a purge-air reservoir secured to the desiccant cartridge, and a compressed-air conduit disposed inside the purge-air reservoir. In another embodiment, a vehicle air-brake system includes an air compressor, a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, and a heat exchange dryer apparatus disposed between the compressor and the desiccant. The temperature of the compressed air is decreased while the temperature of the purge air is increased and the desiccant adsorbs a greater amount of contaminants form the compressed air for improved drying.

Abstract: A vehicle braking system for a vehicle combination includes a first brake axle including a first actuatable brake, a second brake axle including a second actuatable brake, a third brake axle including a third actuatable brake, a first valve controlling actuation of the first actuatable brake and actuation of the second actuatable brake, and a second valve controlling actuation of the second actuatable brake and actuation of the third actuatable brake.

Abstract: A valve includes at least one of an electrical port adapted to receive an electronic control signal and a pneumatic control port adapted to receive a pneumatic control signal. The valve also includes a pneumatic delivery port. The pneumatic delivery port is adapted to transmit a pneumatic fluid, based on the at least one of the received electronic control signal and the received pneumatic control signal, from a second independent source to control i) a second associated service brake and ii) delivery of the pneumatic fluid from a first independent source to control a first associated service brake.

Abstract: A valve module is provided for enabling a vehicle to control an autonomous event of the vehicle. The valve module comprises a relay valve, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve. A first control pressure can be delivered through the first solenoid valve and applied to a control port of the relay valve. In one embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve and combined with the first control pressure. The combined first and second control pressures are applied to the control port of the relay valve.

Abstract: A valve module is provided for enabling a vehicle to control an autonomous event of the vehicle. The valve module comprises a relay valve, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve. A first control pressure can be delivered through the first solenoid valve and applied to a control port of the relay valve. In one embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve and combined with the first control pressure. The combined first and second control pressures are applied to the control port of the relay valve. In another embodiment, a second control pressure can be delivered through the second solenoid valve only when no first control pressure is delivered through the first solenoid valve.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a heat-exchange dryer apparatus are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat-exchange dryer apparatus includes a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, a purge-air reservoir secured to the desiccant cartridge, and a compressed-air conduit disposed inside the purge-air reservoir. In another embodiment, a vehicle air-brake system includes an air compressor, a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, and a heat exchange dryer apparatus disposed between the compressor and the desiccant. The temperature of the compressed air is decreased while the temperature of the purge air is increased and the desiccant adsorbs a greater amount of contaminants form the compressed air for improved drying.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a heat-exchange dryer apparatus are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat-exchange dryer apparatus includes a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, a purge-air reservoir secured to the desiccant cartridge, and a compressed-air conduit disposed inside the purge-air reservoir. In another embodiment, a vehicle air-brake system includes an air compressor, a desiccant cartridge comprising desiccant material, and a heat exchange dryer apparatus disposed between the compressor and the desiccant. The temperature of the compressed air is decreased while the temperature of the purge air is increased and the desiccant adsorbs a greater amount of contaminants form the compressed air for improved drying.