Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: A medical device configured to navigate through anatomy that may be used as a guidewire, or both. Embodiments may navigate like a guidewire, but once in place, perform many or all of the functions that a catheter may perform. The device generally has a body which may be nitinol, with a plurality of pairs of slots cut into the body to make it more flexible in bending while maintaining adequate torsional stiffness. Each longitudinally adjacent pair may be rotated an angle around the axis from the previous pair, and the angle may be less than 89 degrees and greater than 31 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle may be in the range of 70-90 degrees and the average of the angles, computed over 10 adjacent sets of cuts, may be less than 89 degrees and greater than 70 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: A catheter guidewire includes an elongate solid body about which a catheter may be threaded for guidance to a target location in a vasculature passageway of a body. The elongate body includes a proximal end and a distal end, with the distal end being curved. Cuts are formed either by saw-cutting, laser cutting or etching at spaced-apart locations along the length of the body to increase its lateral flexibility. Integral beams are also formed within the body to maintain its torsional strength. The relative location and size of cuts and beams may be selectively adjusted so as to control the direction and degree of flexure, and the change in torsional stiffness relative to flexibility.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: A layered article having a curved surface made of a supporting metal metallurgically bonded to a supported metal.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: A device for assisting in anastomosis of tubular structures. The basic device has a generally cylindrical shape with a pair of insertion arms connected by a bridge and two or more depressions that provide space for the needle to move through within the tubular structures. The device aids in preventing the needle from inadvertent contact with the wall opposite that of the wall being sutured. The method includes an initial suture to join the structures, inserting the device into the openings of the two structures, placing sutures in the walls adjacent to a depression, optionally rotating the device so one of the depressions is aligned with each suture as it is being placed, removing the device, and tightening the sutures to complete the anastomosis.

Abstract: A processor of an ATM switch is adapted for inserting a call correlation tag (CCT) information element (parameter) into all call initiating messages (e.g., CALL SETUP or INITIAL ADDRESS) of which it is the source. The CCT is unique over a period of time such that two ongoing calls originating at the same interface cannot have the same CCT. The CCT is stored in memory at the ATM switch with other relevant information regarding the call. After the call initiating message is forwarded through the network, the processor of the destination ATM switch obtains the CCT and stores it in memory with other relevant information regarding the call. After the call is terminated, the stored information along with the CCT is forwarded by each processor to a billing management center. According to one preferred aspect of the invention, the CCT assumes the form of a thirty-two bit value contained in an information element (IE).

Abstract: A device for assisting in anastomosis of tubular structures. The basic device has a generally cylindrical shape with a pair of insertion arms and a central depression that provides a space for the needle to move through within the tubular structures while simultaneously providing support so that the suture needle thrust does not collapse the tubular structure wall. The depression may be configured to guide the path of the needle. A bridge connects the arms and prevents the needle from inadvertently coming in contact with the wall opposite that of the wall being sutured. The method includes an initial suture to join the structures, inserting the device into the openings of the two structures, placing sutures in the walls adjacent to the depression, optionally rotating the device so the depression is aligned with each suture as it is being placed, removing the device, and tightening the sutures to complete the anastomosis.

Abstract: An optical sensor for counting and sizing particles, including a light extinction (LE) signal representative of the particles, and a light scattering (LS) signal representative of the particles. The light scattering signal and the light extinction signal are combined to form a single composite signal. The single composite signal has a substantially similar output to the light extinction (LE) signal for particle sizes in an upper range of particle sizes typically measured by the light extinction sensor. The single composite signal has a substantially similar output to the light scattering (LS) signal for particle sizes in a lower range of particle sizes typically measured by the light scattering sensor. The single composite signal has an output representing the combined light extinction (LE) signal and light scattering (LS) signal for particle sizes in a middle range of particle sizes.

Abstract: A catheter guide wire includes an elongate tubular body about which a catheter may be threaded for guidance to a target location in a vasculature passageway of a body. The elongate body includes a proximal end and a distal end, with the distal end being curved. Cuts are formed either by saw-cutting, laser cutting or etching at spaced-apart locations along the length of the body to increase its lateral flexibility, while maintaining its rotational torquability. At least some of the cuts extend through the tubular body to the interior cavity to allow the escape of fluids flowing in the cavity. The distal end of the tubular body includes a sufficient number of cuts to make it more flexible than the remainder of the body.

Abstract: A device for assisting in anastomosis of tubular structures. The basic device has a generally cylindrical shape with a pair of insertion arms and a central depression that provides a space for the needle to move through within the tubular structures while simultaneously providing support so that the suture needle thrust does not collapse the tubular structure wall. The depression may be configured to guide the path of the needle. A bridge connects the arms and prevents the needle from inadvertently coming in contact with the wall opposite that of the wall being sutured. The method includes an initial suture to join the sutures, inserting the device into the openings of the two structures, placing sutures in the walls adjacent to the depression, optionally rotating the device so the depression is aligned with each suture as it is being placed, removing the device, and tightening the sutures to complete the anastomosis.